tion with the arguments he needs or a Member who is against the legis lation the arguments he needs, or do you have a general résumé that presents both sides of the question?

Mr. JAYSON. We may have both and we may have more. Once the inquiries begin coming to us from the Congress, and on an issue such as that there is bound to be a lot of interest, we may prepare a general report which may discuss the problem in depth, and then one which may discuss proposals that have been made to solve it, and then we may have pros and cons with reference to Federal control, and then we may have analyses of competing bills in the area pointing up their differences. So that on any one of the more controversial subjects we will frequently have a variety of materials.

Now, this does not mean we multilith everything. On the contrary, most of our work is done in type script, particularly individualized reports for a Member, so that, if a Member wanted the case against gun control or the case for, we could prepare that for him but it would be done on a logical basis, not on a partisan basis.

Senator COTTON. I selected that because I don't think there is any particular partisanship involved in that question.

USE OF TEAR GAS IN RIOTING

Mr. JAYSON. To point out the timeliness of things that may be on this "green sheet," let me call your attention to a memorandum on the use of tear gas for riot control that may be on that April listing. Senator BARTLETT. There is.

Mr. JAYSON. That was prepared a month before the disturbance that we had recently.

Senator COTTON. You say that was prepared months before the riot situation became acute.

Mr. JAYSON. Yes.

Senator COTTON. How did you happen to do that? Did some inquiry cause it?

Mr. JAYSON. Because riots have been with us during the past year and there were inquiries about the use of tear gas.

Senator CoTTON. That is all.

LIMITATION ON INQUIRIES

I am just wondering. It keeps wandering around in my mind that considering the member's staff and including the staff of the committee he is on, you must be getting a lot of inquiries from Congress that are rather farfetched. I don't suppose there is any way that we can educate ourselves to channel our inquiries or limit our type of inquiries. I can see this thing growing until every Member of Congress expects the Library of Congress to do all his work for him and they presumably have somewhere near adequate staffs and they also have the committee staffs available. Apparently the more staff we get the more inquiries you get because they are all eagerbeavers and ask the questions and apparently the more staff the committees acquire the more inquiries you get. Is that right?

Mr. JAYSON. That is so, and we have found also that the more someone knows about the extent of our services the more apt he is to use them. So it grows. I mentioned the new Legislative Reorganization Act before. One of the things that the Joint Committee wants us to concen

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trate on is in connection with more liaison with the various committees, even though some of our people and services are already well known to certain committees. Our experience tells us that when the committee members and committee staff know our man, he brings in a great many more inquiries. This is a legitimate use of our service in helping the members.

REQUESTS FOR INFORMATION

LEGITIMATE

Senator COTTON. I will ask just one more question. You may not care to do this or want to do it off the record. Would you give me an example of what you consider a legitimate inquiry by a Member of Congress and an example of what you consider one that is not legitimate.

I am trying to see if there is any line of demarcation so that Congress itself isn't going to continue to be the offender in loading a lot of rather nonessential work on the Library.

Mr. JAYSON. The legitimate inquiries, of course, take the form of background studies, pro and con reports about public issues, analyses of bills, and the like. This is the bulk of our work.

Are we on the record?

Senator COTTON. You probably prefer to be off. (Off the record.)

DEADLINES

Mr. JAYSON. Last year we had 132,000 inquiries during the calendar year. If you divide that by the number of work days that we have— there are about 250 work days excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and holidays you will find that we average about 530 inquiries per day. That is equal to every member's office calling once during every single day. In fact, a few weeks ago we had 1 day on which we had almost 900 calls in that 1 day, calls that we had records of. That is a mass of inquiries coming in. But again I emphasize that is not the relatively few improper inquires that cause the real probelm, but the great volume of inquiries. It is not having time to be able to do the research that we know we are capable of doing. We have problems when we are given false deadlines. An office says they need this within a week and they really could have waited 3 weeks. We can handle that if we have the staff.

ANALYSIS OF BILLS

Senator COTTON. Of course, it seems a little illogical to me that a Member of Congress would be asking you for the analysis of a bill. I would ask and always do ask a member of, in my case, the minority staff of the committee handling the bill to give me an analysis. Perhaps they turn around and pass it on to you but on my committee we have a minority staff-not as large as the majority, of course.

Senator BARTLETT. Naturally.

Senator COTTON. I go to them and if they could not give me the analysis of a bill that is before my own committee and has been before it long enough so that it has become the subject of some hearings and controversies, I would not think they were any good and I would want to dispense with their services.

Mr. JAYSON. You may get a Member of Congress who is not a member of the committee who wants an analysis of this bill or wants a comparison.

Senator COTTON. Any Member can ask the committee staff for information, can't he?

Senator BARTLETT. Surely. They may not get it.

Senator COTTON. It would seem to me that somewhere along the line you are getting a lot of work pushed on to you that ought not to be pushed on to you. It seems to you the same way.

Mr. JAYSON. It is difficult to identify it, or for us to tell a Member, "No, you will have to get that somewhere else."

Senator BARTLETT. You can't speak so boldly as we can.

Senator COTTON. Thank you.

Senator BARTLETT. Thank you.

SOURCES

Where does the bulk of your heavy work come from, Mr. Jayson, from Members or from the committee staff?

Mr. JAYSON. On a proportionate basis it would come from the committees. I think we have some data which breaks down the work by source. This table is a breakdown of the inquiries that we answered during the last fiscal year, by time category and source of inquiry, source being Members, committees, and constituents. You see there the number of inquiries in each category and the breakdown of the research time that was put on them. In the category of inquiries that required over 41 hours to complete, a total of 1 workweek or more, you will find that from the 535 Members we received 284 such inquiries, whereas 130 requests were filled by committees for that kind of work.

Committee work in fiscal year 1967 involved 18.8 percent of all of our research time. Member work involved 65.6 percent. You will also notice that the great bulk of the total volume of inquiries can be handled within 1 hour or even within a quarter of an hour. That is the fast information type of inquiry. That, of course, is typical of constituent inquiries. If you look at the totals you will see over 100,000 were answered within the 1-hour-or-less categories.

WORK ACCOMPLISHMENTS

Senator BARTLETT. If the Senator from New Hampshire, Mr. Cotton, and the Senator from Texas, Mr. Yarborough, are in agreement we will place that table in the record. I think it would be very useful. Agreed?

Senator COTTON. Yes.

Senator YARBOROUGH. What does that table refer to, Mr. Chairman? Senator BARTLETT. It relates to the breakdown by percentages of the work accomplished by the Legislative Reference Service of the Library of Congress.

Senator YARBOROUGH. Yes; I agree it should be inserted.

Senator BARTLETT. We are just asking where the bulk of their work is insofar as the Service is concerned, from Members' offices or from the committee staffs.

(The table follows:)

CONSTITUENT REQUESTS

Senator BARTLETT. Have you any more questions relating to that particular subject?

Senator COTTON. I won't take but a minute but I just note that there were seven constituent inquiries that involved 41 hours and up.

Mr. JAYSON. Yes, but this might be a particular kind of constituent. For example, it might be the Governor of a State asking information from a Member on some subject. That would be listed as a constituent inquiry.

Senator COTTON. Or a committee of the State legislature.

Mr. JAYSON. Yes, an advisory committee of a State or someone else with whom the Member is cooperating, this would be regarded as a constituent inquiry.

Senator COTTON. But those inquiries come through a Member.
Mr. JAYSON. Yes.

Senator COTTON. Thank you.

LEGISLATIVE STATUS REPORT

Senator BARTLETT. I noted with interest the Service's recently published legislative status report. It is my understanding that the Service intends to issue this document on a quarterly basis if it has received a favorable response to its recent trial run, is that right? Mr. JAYSON. Yes, sir.

Senator BARTLETT. Would such a publication not be more useful to Members of Congress and their staff assistants if it were produced more frequently-perhaps weekly- through the employment of automatic data processing techniques?

Mr. JAYSON. The responses that we have had to this report which included suggestions were almost unanimously that it should be published more often than quarterly.

Senator BARTLETT. And this would require, of course, more staff? Mr. JAYSON. This report was put out through absorption of the workload. The work was divided up among our various divisions. We had one man who actually put it together and edited it. I don't think this would involve staff in the sense of adding additional full-time people. We think we could absorb it.

Senator BARTLETT. When your referendum is completed, if the majority of the Members believe it ought to be published more frequently, can you accomplish this?

Mr. JAYSON. I think we might be able to put it out every month.

Senator BARTLETT. It would be pretty hard to put it out every week? Mr. JAYSON. Yes, sir. One of the problems, of course, is finding the action information. At the present time there is much in the Daily Digest and the House Calendar and in some of the committee calendars. Those may not always be particularly accurate.

Senator BARTLETT. They are not.

Mr. JAYSON. The accuracy is not 100 percent. So I have been told.