(The information referred to follows:) THE COPYRIGHT OFFICE Registration by subject matter classes for the fiscal year 1964 Class Subject matter of copyright A Books (including pamphlets, leaflets, etc.): 1964 Manufactured abroad (except those registered for ad interim copyright). 66, 789 4,079 889 71, 757 74, 472 2,529 1, 112 3,039 75, 256 1,955 5, 915 4,045 893 995 3,325 7,013 3, 018 1,089 22, 574 Total.... 278, 987 LEGISLATIVE REFERENCE SERVICE Senator MONRONEY. For "Salaries and expenses, Legislative Reference Service," a total of $2,524,000 is requested. This is an increase of $111,200 over the 1965 bill, and the House has allowed the full budget estimate. TYPES AND TOTALS OF REQUESTS RECEIVED I think we have fully covered this and there is no sense in going back over it again. According to table 1 on page 122 of the justification which I have included in the material just inserted, a grand total of 97,444 congressional inquiries were answered in fiscal year 1964. In our hearings last year you broke down the total for fiscal year 1965 as to committee inquiries and individual Member inquiries. Do you have this information for fiscal year 1964 or can you supply it for the record? Senator YARBOROUGH. Mr. Chairman, may I add an inquiry to that? Could we get a comparison of how many inquiries were from the House and how many from the Senate? Senator MONRONEY. Can you break that down that way? Senator MONRONEY. Just supply it for the record. We don't want you to do it today. I am interested in the type of inquiries you received from committee staffs. How does the character of these requests differ from the individual Member inquiries, and also maybe the difference in the type inquiries from the House and vis-a-vis the Senate? Mr. ELSBREE. Yes, sir. (The information requested follows:) During fiscal 1964, the Legislative Reference Service handled a total of 97,444 congressional inquiries. Insofar as source is concerned, these inquiries fall into. three categories: those from committees, those from Members, and those from Members on behalf of constituents. A breakdown showing the number of inquiries in each category, the percentage of the total requests received by LRS that such number is, and the percentage of total research time involved in responding, follows: TABLE A.-Total workload, fiscal 1964 Of the total number of inquiries handled, 82,630 can be readily identified as coming from either individual Members of the Senate or individual Members of the House.1 Of these, 51,330 were from Members of the House and 31,300 from Members of the Senate. Our records show that during fiscal 1964, as in many previous years, the Legislative Reference Service received inquiries from every Member of the Senate and from every Member of the House. Some Members used the Service frequently, some moderately, and some only occasionally; in some instances the use was predominantly Member related, in some it was primarily constituent related, but in most instances it was a combination of both. The following tables reflect this use in terms of averages and medians per Member (ie., Representatives and Senators combined), per Senator, and per Representative. In table B the figures represent Member and constituent inquiries combined; in table C the figures represent Member inquiries; and in table D, constituent inquiries. These three tables cover fiscal years 1964 and 1963. TABLE B.-Member and constituent inquiries combined 1 Figures for fiscal 1964 and fiscal 1963 are not strictly comparable due to the inclusion of "spot inquiries▸ (telephone inquiries answered immediately) from February to June 1964. 1 Figures for fiscal 1964 and fiscal 1963 are not strictly comparable due to the inclusion of "spot inquiries (telephone inquiries answered immediately) from February to June 1964. 1 Our statistical tabulations do not separately identify committee inquiries, spot telephone inquiries, and certain other inquiries (e.g., inquiries from a Resident Commissioner), as between the two Houses of the Congress. Inquiries which the Service receives from committees may be compared with those it receives from individual Members in terms of range of subject matter, types of requests, and workload involved in responding. It must be borne in mind, however, that comparisons of this kind may not be wholly valid because very often research inquiries received from a Member may actually be intended for the use of a committee on which he serves. Also, Members often seek research assistance in connection with testimony they may themselves present as witnesses before committees, so that such research also inures to the committees. There appears to be no substantial difference in types of inquiries between those received from Members of the House and those from Members of the Senate. 1. RANGE OF SUBJECT MATTER Overall, the range of subject matter of the inquiries received by the Legislative Reference Service is encyclopedic. Every significant public issue, past as well as current, generates research and reference requests.2 Speaking generally, however, inquiries made by particular committees are usually limited in terms of range of subject matter (although not necessarily in terms of scope or depth), since almost invariably they relate to bills pending before that particular committee or to the subjects which are within that committee's jurisdiction. Inquiries made by Members cover a much broader range, since the individual Member's interests may relate to any and all of the issues before the Congress. Constituent inquiries cover the widest subject range, relating not only to public issues but also to matters which have no connection whatever with legislative issues. (The Service does not normally undertake research for constituents; most constituent inquiries are answered with readily available information, printed "giveaways," or references to other sources.) 2 The following excerpt from the chapter on the Legislative Reference Service in the Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress for the Fscal Year 1964 (ch. II, pp. 20-21) is illustrative: "No statistic nor set of statistics can adequately portray the scope of the services furnished the Congress. In quick succession will come requests for a memorandum on a proposal for grant-in-aid financing for foreign technical assistance activities of American universities; material for a constituent on the debate over selling and shipping wheat to Russia; a listing by State and by county of certificates of abandonment of railroad rights-of-way of more than 10 miles in length during the period 1958-64; translation of a document written in the Russian language; the total number of eligible voters in 1960 and the percentage actually voting information for a constituent on NATO, CENTO, SEATO, and ANZIO; a list of suggested questions for use in a committee hearing; information on any Government or foundation funds that might be available for assistance in establishing a community cultural center; the name of the mayor of Jackson, Minn.; a copy of President Eisenhower's farewell statement of Jan. 17, 1961; a report on the legislative and judicial history of sec. 315 of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952; the provisions of the Leif Erikson bill; a suggested reply to a constituent who asks why $1 bills. 1935 style, do not carry the inscription "In God We Trust"; assistance in drafting a minority committee report; the gross national product of the United States by year since 1937. and the personal income figures for a particular county for the same period; a consultation on having a study made of the possibilities of diverting more water from Canada into the Great Lakes; a comparison of H.R. 1235 and H.R. 8418, 88th Cong.-bills proposing amendments to the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act; information for a constituent on the homestead laws of Alaska; definitions of commerce in specified Federal statutes a brief in support of the proposition that proposed measures to regulate public accommodations are unconstitutional and, in contrast, a brief in support of the proposition that the 14th amendment can be used as a basis for prohibiting discrimination in public accommodations; a bibliography on unemployment: a 5-foot chart showing the effect of H.R. 8363 (the administration-sponsored tax-reduction bill) on income tax rates; material for an address on research in the utilization of agricultural commodities; and a study of the employment of older workers." 2. TYPES OF REQUESTS Illustrative of the types of assistance most frequently requested are the following: analyses of issues facing the Congress (e.g., background studies; arguments pro and con; alternative proposals for solutions of problems; factual information; historical data; etc.); legal research and analyses (e.g., summaries and analyses of court decisions; surveys of Federal and State legislation on given subjects; legal opinions, interpretations of statutory language; legislative histories; etc.); assistance with drafts of statements and speeches; location of specific information (e.g., searches of newspapers, the Congressional Record, books and periodicals; identification of organizations; location of quotations; etc.); translations; preparation of charts, graphs, and maps; assistance in answering constituent inquiries; preparation of bibliographies; and loan of books and other publications. Statistical tabulations readily available in the Service do not provide a basis for a breakdown of each of these types of service. It can be safely said, however, that with the possible exception of assistance with regard to constituent inquiries and draft statements, committee staffs make frequent requests for every other type of assistance mentioned. (A qualifying word should be said as to the two exceptions noted because, first, occasionally a committee does seek assistance in responding to constituent mail that it receives, and second, while committees rarely request draft statements, there are a significant number of requests for assistance with regard to drafts of committee reports.) The nature of committee work, of course, gives rise to inquiries which an individual member usually would not make. For example, committee staff members may seek assistance in suggesting the names of qualified experts to be called as witnesses; in suggesting or developing topics to be covered by committee hearings; in the preparation of drafts of questions to be put to witnesses; in obtaining analyses and summaries of testimony presented at the hearings; in the indexing of transcripts; in connection with the preparation of committee reports; etc. Also, not infrequently committees arrange to borrow Legislative Reference Service staff members for a more or less extended period of time so as to utilize their subject specialties in different aspects of committee work. Through midApril of the current fiscal year, as an example of aid to committees, our newly established Science Policy Research Division alone had received inquiries from 11 committees or subcommittees, had rendered extensive assistance in connection with 7 different committee hearings, and had prepared 5 major committee background reports each of 75 pages or more, apart from its work for 55 individual members who also had submitted requests for assistance in the fields of its competence. The following list illustrates the types of substantial reports and studies the Service has prepared at the request of committees or subcommittees (most of these have been published as Senate or House documents, or as committee prints or reports): "Treaties and Other International Agreements Containing Provisions on Commercial Fisheries, Marine Resources, Sport Fisheries, and Wildlife, to Which the United States Is a Party," prepared for the Senate Committee on Commerce; "Subsidy and Subsidy-Effected Programs of the U.S. Government," prepared for the Joint Economic Committee; "Catalog of Federal Aids to State and Local Governments," prepared for the Senate Committee on Government Operations; "Government Operations in Space (Analysis of Civil-Military Roles and Relationships)," assistance rendered to the House Committee on Government Operations; "International Cooperation and Organization for Outer Space," prepared for the Senate Committee on Aeronautical and Space Sciences; "World Communism: A Selected Annotated Biblography," prepared for the Senate Judiciary Committee; "Communist Infiltration in Latin American Educational System," prepared for the Senate Judiciary Committee; "Farm Programs and Dynamic Forces in Agriculture, a Review and Appraisal of Farm Price Support Programs and the Dynamic Functioning of Agriculture in Recent Years," prepared for the Senate Committee on Agriculture and Forestry; "Federal Legislation Concerning Education and Training: Enactments of 1963 and Issues of 1964," prepared for the House Committee on Education and Labor; 49-381-65-5 "The Postwar Expansion of Russia's Fishing Industry," prepared for the Senate Commerce Committee; "Packaging and Labeling Legislation," prepared for the Senate Judiciary Committee; "Election Law Guidebook for 1964," prepared for the Senate Subcommittee on Privileges and Elections; "The U.S. Ideological Effort: Government Agencies and Programs," prepared for the House Foreign Affairs Committee; "Economics of the Phonograph Recording Industry," prepared for the Senate Judiciary Committee; "Intent and Impact of the Overtime Provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act," prepared for the House Committee on Education and Labor. 3. WORKLOAD The following tables compare committee inquiries with member inquiries in terms of the amount of research time involved in preparing responses and in terms of types of responses. Tables E and F provide overall summaries of workload with reference to committee and member inquiries, and table G provides a breakdown with reference to the most frequently used forms of answering inquiries. (The tables do not include constituent and various other cate gories of inquiries or responses.) TABLE G.-Types of responses to inquiries, fiscal 1964 |