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in dry friction at higher rates and pressures. The experiment data indicate that the character of the relationships for dry friction and friction in sulphafrezol coincide. It was determined that vibrational cutting produced lower friction coefficients than steady cutting; however, an increase in the torsion moment with time was noted. This is explained as being due to increasing friction on the rear surfaces of the drill. Author (GRA)

N72-10422# Air Force Systems Command, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio.

STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF METAL SURFACE FINISH ON WEAR RESISTANCE OF A METAL/POLYAMIDE FRICTION PAIR DURING FRICTION IN WATER

A. A. Kutkov and Yu. B. Kornilov 19 Feb. 1971 10 p refs Transl. into ENGLISH from Politekhnicheskii Institut, Novocherkaask, Trudy (USSR), v. 187, 1969 p 110-113 (AF Proj. 7343)

(AD-724997; FTD-HT-23-45-71) Avail: NTIS CSCL 13/9

Steel, bronze, or stainless steel shafts were rotated at 0.25 m-sec linear velocity and at a given loading in annular bearings made of resin P-68 (polyamide resin), submerged in deionized water. The loss of P-68 depended on the degree of cleanliness of the shaft. The attrition rates were greatest at the start, i.e., during the wearing-in period. Steel shafts caused more rapid wear than the stainless steel shafts since the former oxidize more readily, forming given abrasive particles. Author (GRA)

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THE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL CONFERENCE ON THE DIFFUSION JOINING OF METALLIC AND NONMETALLIC MATERIALS (6TH)

N. F. Kazakov and V. N. Kazakov 5 Feb. 1971 11 p Transl. into ENGLISH from Conf. of Izv. Vyssh. Ucheb. Zaved., Mashinostr. (USSR), no. 1, 1970 p 186-189 (FTD Proj. 142610)

(AD-724995; FTD-HT-23-42-71) Avail: NTIS CSCL 13/8

The sixth conference on the diffusion combination of metallic and nonmetallic materials met in Moscow on 12-13 May 1969. The conference was attended by 300 representatives of 76 organizations from 33 cities of the country; it heard 30 reports on the questions of joining nonmetallic materials (graphite, sapphire, glass, ceramics) with metals and also with refractory, porous, and heat-resistance metals and alloys. GRA

N72-10424# Mechanical Technology, Inc., Latham, N.Y. DYNAMIC STABILITY OF GIMBALED SPIRAL-GROOVED THRUST BEARINGS

Alston L. Gu,, Coda H. T. Pan, and Robert H. Badgley May 1971 63 p refs

(Contract N00014-70-C-0135; NR Proj. 062-317)
(AD-725164; MTI-71TR26) Avail: NTIS CSCL 13/9

A general, easily-implemented technique is developed by which stability maps may be determined for gimbaled, gas-lubricated, spiral-grooved thrust bearings. This technique is based upon the spectral analysis (frequency domain) method, in which the neutrally-stable states of the stator-gimbal system are determined through solution of the system's characteristic equations. The method proved effective for conducting low-cost investigations of the sensitivity of system instability thresholds to changes in various system design parameters. Containing data valid for a wide range of gimbal inertias, stability maps are presented for a range of bearing compressibility numbers, for several bearing geometries, and for several values of mechanical damping in order to illustrate both the power of the technique and also its effectiveness. Limited experimental information which is presently available verified the essential features of the corresponding stability maps. The technique was reduced to a form usable in the design of gas bearings for use in gas turbine engines. Author (GRA)

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The objective of the research was to develop and fabricate a numerically controlled prototype tape laying machine for performing layup operations required by airframe structural components of filament reinforced resin matrix composites. Mechanical functions of the machine as related to airframe component design requirements were investigated and defined. These included machine head variables of roller type, heat and pressure application, laying rates, tape feed mechanisms, shearing methods, disposal of cutoffs and tape specifications. In addition, compound contour requirements were considered. These included tilting vertical axis, pivot rollers, self-shaping rollers, and draping of flat layups to contour. It was determined that 75 percent of the airframe surfaces could be laid while using either the self-shaping roller or drape to shape approach, thereby eliminating the complexity factor of a 5-axis tilting head and the association of high production costs. A major problem has been tolerance control of fiber placement on the carrier. The contract has provided an improved manufacturing technology through development of an NC tape laying machine that will apply fiber reinforced tape up to 3 inches wide, to a part along a preprogrammed path. Author (GRA)

N72-10426 National Lending Library for Science and Technology. Boston Spa (England).

PRESSURES AND TORQUES WHEN FORMING COLDBENT CHANNEL SECTIONS

I. S. Trishevskii, L. N. Kotelevskii, V. V. Klepanda, G. R. Kheifets, and S. V. Zelenskii 1971 12 p refs Transl. into ENGLISH from Stal (Moscow), v. 3. 1971 p 238-241 (NLL-M-21046-(5828.4F); Rept-86S) Avail: Natl. Lending Library Boston Spa, Engl.: 2 NLL photocopy coupons

A method is presented for calculating the pressure of metal on the rolls and the torques when forming cold-bent channels on section-bending units. An algorithm is proposed for solving the problem by computer, and the possible grades in section-bending units at a metal works plant are determined. The calculated values of the power parameters of the shaped channels differ from the actual results by not more than 15%.

Author

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N72-10428 National Lending Library for Science and Technology. Boston Spa (England).

IONIC SILICONIZING OF MOLYBDENUM USING THE
CIRCULATION METHOD

B. N. Arzamasov and V. N. Glushchenko 1971 8 p refs
Transl. into ENGLISH from Izv. Vyssh. Ucheb. Zaved., Chern.
Met. (Moscow), v. 14, no. 3, 1971 p 133-135
(NLL-M-21066-(5828.4F)) Avail: Natl. Lending Library, Boston
Spa. Engl.: 1 NLL photocopy coupon

A method of ionically siliconizing molybdenum by circulating a hydrogen-free gaseous medium is investigated and the results reported. Basic process parameters are established for the

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N72-10429# Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, Limeil (France). Centre d'Etudes.

LASER-SOLID DEUTERIUM INTERACTION: NUMERICAL STUDY [INTERACTION LASER-DEUTERIUM SOLIDE: ETUDE NUMERIQUE]

Francis Floux and Andre Billebize Feb. 1971 75 p refs In FRENCH

(CEA-R-4148) Avail: AEC Depository Libraries

After a recall of the problem and the different theoretical approaches already attempted, a computer code was developed in order to give an account of the experimental results. Comparisons between numerical and experimental data were successfully achieved. Author (NSA)

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from the sample arrives back at the photographic plate in a region other than that through which the second beam originally passed. By making successive exposures during the deposition of material on the surface of the sample, holograms are recorded on the photographic plate. The plate is then developed and interference lines of the hologram (or holograms, in the case of a transparent object) are representative of the thickness of the film or material deposited between exposure times. NASA

N72-10432*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif.

DIATOMIC INFRARED GASDYNAMIC LASER Patent Application

Robert L. McKenzie, inventor (to NASA) Filed 26 Apr. 1971 14 P (NASA-Case-ARC-10370-1; US-Patent-Appl-SN-137391) Avail: NTIS CSCL 20E

A laser is provided which utilizes the infrared vibration rotation transitions of a diatomic gas such as carbon monoxide. The laser action is produced by an active diatomic gas such as carbon monoxide mixed with a vibrationally resonant pumping gas such as nitrogen. In addition, a noble gas such as argon may be employed as a third gas in the mixture. The gas mixture contains from 1 to 80 percent by volume of the active gas based on the pumping gas, and the third gas, if used, can constitute up to 90 percent of the total gas volume. A number of significantly different wavelengths can be produced by the laser. A single laser may contain several optical resonators at different locations, so that the desired wavelength can be selected at will. NASA

N72-10433# Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, Calif.
THE CO2-HN3 LASER: DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
OF A MOLECULAR LASER PUMPED BY PHOTOLYSIS OF
HN3 M.S. Thesis

Gunther Paul Schnez Jun. 1971 93 p refs
(AD-727662) Avail: NTIS CSCL 20/5

A CO2-HN3 laser is designed and constructed. The use of hydrazoic acid, being highly explosive and toxic, requires a design where the gas handling and optical systems are located inside a fume hood with exhaust to the outside. The laser utilizes a pumping scheme where energy released by the photolysis of HN3 is used to create a population inversion in CO2. The major highlights of the developmental work are: (1) design and fabrication of the laser tube and resonant cavity, (2) design, construction and operation of the HN3 generating and gas filling systems, and (3) flashlamp discharge circuit design and development of the charging control system. Operation of the laser is the subject of subsequent work with the system. Preliminary experiments and suggestions are included in this study. Furthermore the basic principles and equations governing the operation of a CO2-HN3 laser are derived. Author (GRA)

N72-10434# Michigan Univ., Ann Arbor. Mount Haleakala Observatory.

A LUNAR LASER REFLECTOR EXPERIMENT PERFORMED
DURING THE APOLLO 11 MOONWALK

J. D. Erickson and P. D. McCormick Oct. 1971 60 p refs
(Contract DAHC15-68-C-0144)
(AD-724735; TR-1386-43-T) Avail: NTIS CSCL 17/8

The report summarizes an experiment to detect a retroreflector array placed on the moon by the Apollo 11 astronauts (by measuring the magnitude of the return of a reflected ruby-laser beam directed at the reflector array) before the astronauts left the moon. The Mount Haleakala Observatory on Maui, Hawaii, was in a location such that the moon and the Sea of Tranquillity site on the moon were observable during the moonwalk. Author (GRA)

N72-10435# Case Western Reserve Univ., Cleveland, Ohio.
Div. of Electrical Sciences and Applied Physics.
STARK EFFECT MODULATION STUDIES Final Report,
18 Mar. 1968 31 Dec. 1970

Yoh-Han Pao, Paul C. Claspy, and W. B. Johnson 18 Mar. 1971 73 p refs

(Contract F19628-68-C-0183; AF Proj. 4645-07-01)
(AD-725067; AFCRL-71-0179) Avail: NTIS CSCL 20/5

It has been determined that it is practical to use the molecular Stark effect in gases to modulate laser radiation in the 10 micron region. A large number of suitable modulator gas constituents have been studied and parameters governing gas cell modulator design have also been identified. Such modulators may be used both within and external to the laser cavity. In intra cavity configurations, large modulation depths are easily obtained with low modulator power. Results of theoretical studies indicate that within the frequency ranges of practical interest, there is no intrinsic limit to the frequency response. However when modulating frequency is larger than the value of the homogeneous linewidth, there is a decrease in effectiveness. Experimental results showing non-dispersive modulation at frequencies to 30 megahertz have been obtained. Author (GRA)

N72-10436# ILC, Inc., Sunnyvale, Calif.

OPTICAL PUMPS FOR ERBIUM LASERS First Triannual Report, 1 Jul. 1 Nov. 1970

Lowell Noble Apr. 1971 71 p refs (DA Proj. 1H6-62705-A-055-02-64)

(AD-724732; ECOM-0296-1) Avail: NTIS CSCL 20/5

The overall objective is to produce more efficient pulsed optical pumps for erbium lasers. Both xenon and alkali-metal vapor lamps are being studied. Laser materials, both glass and YAG, were selected and their absorption and excitation spectra determined. Fluorescence life times, sensitizer transfer characteristics and decay processes have been catalogued. Thirty-six xenon lamps of various bore diameters and pressures and two cesium lamps were constructed. Initial light output measurements on xenon lamps indicate that the useful light output is independent of the pulse length and current density for pulse lengths of 0.5 to 2.5 milliseconds rendering optimization of this lamp type difficult. Design criteria for alkali metal power supplies were established and cesium lamps were operated. Author (GRA)

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OPTICAL PUMPS FOR LASERS Final Report, 1 Oct. 1969

Lowell Noble, John P. Moffat, Leonard Reed, and John Richter May 1971 141 prefs

(Contract DAAB07-70-C-0035; DA Proj.

1 Hg-62705-A-055-02-59)

(AD-724733; ECOM-0035-F) Avail: NTIS CSCL 20/5

The results of a twelve month program to improve the efficiency of optical pumps for Nd:YAG lasers are presented. The first task was the development of a flash lamp for pumping Q-switched Nd:YAG lasers at 10 joules per pulse with pulse repetition rates up to 10 pulses per second, and an overall efficiency of 2%. This goal was achieved through improving both the lamp and the circuit. Substantial efficiency improvements were achieved by simmer-pulse operation. A pseudo-simmer circuit was developed that achieves good efficiency and uses only lightweight components. The second task was the development of a lamp for pumping CW Nd:YAG laser with 5% overall efficiency at 1kW input. Author (GRA)

N72-10438 Purdue Univ., Lafayette, Ind.

LASER RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY OF SOLIDS Ph.D. Thesis

Stuart Allan Solin 1970 228 p

Avail: Univ. Microfilms Order No. 70-18735

The first and second order Raman spectra of diamond were studied using the 4880A and 5145A lines of an Argon ion laser and the 6328A line of a He-Ne laser. The spectra were recorded at room, liquid helium, and liquid nitrogen temperatures. In addition to the second order spectrum previously reported a new weaker second order spectrum was observed in the range 1600 to 2100/cm. Polarization studies were carried out on both the

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INFLUENCE OF SOME METALLURGICAL VARIABLES ON THE RADIATION DAMAGE SENSITIVITY OF PRESSURE VESSEL STEELS

M. Brumovsky 1971 31 p refs Presented at Symp. on Effects of Radiation on Structural Mater., Niagara Falls, Ontario, 29 Jun. 1 Jul. 1970

(ZJE-99; Conf-700630-2) Avail: AEC Depository Libraries

Studies of binary and ternary alloys of Fe-C-Mn type were performed to understand the mechanism of radiation hardening and embrittlement in nuclear reactor low-carbon pressure vessel steels. Results of static tensile tests showed the substantial effect of carbon and manganese contents. Carbon, with respect to pearlite content in alloys, increases the resistance against radiation damage during irradiation at 80 to 100 C, while manganese content higher than 0.5 to 1.0 wt % decreases this resistance. Supersaturation connected with the decrease of yield strength was observed in iron and Fe-C type alloys at neutron doses higher than 5 X 10 to the 19th power n/sq cm. Influence of the initial yield strength value upon its increase during irradiation was shown for low-carbon steel with various heat treatment or cold work value. Author (NSA)

N72-10440*# Atomic Energy Commission Research Establish-
ment, Lucas Heights (Australia).
PROSPECTS FOR HIGH STRENGTH ZIRCONIUM ALLOYS
N. R. McDonald 1971 28 p refs Presented at the Conf. on

Metals, Sydney, Australia, May 1971

(Conf-710513-1) Avail: AEC Depository Libraries

A review of zirconium alloy development and properties is presented. Primary applications are identified as, 1) pressure tubes for water-cooled power reactors, where the design limitation near 300 C is the creep of the tubes; 2) the potential application of satisfying the requirement for a strong alloy tube containing superheated steam at 450 to 500 C. Creep strength is again the limiting factor, but at these temperatures it is not influenced by fast neutron irradiation to the same extent as at lower temperatures. Properties and behavior of available zirconium alloys are summarized. The application of behavioral data of zirconium alloys to the design of pressure-tubes in their present state is outlined, and an extrapolation is made to the required properties of an alloy for containing superheated steam. Progress in the incorporation of strengthening materials is also discussed.

NSA

N72-10441# Virginia Polytechnic Inst., Blacksburg. Dept. of Metals and Ceramic Engineering.

THE RELATIONSHIP OF NITROGEN CONTENT TO THE SUSCEPTIBILITY AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEELS TO STRESS CORROSION Quarterly Report, 1 Jun. 31 Aug. 1970

G. S. Clevinger and Jack L. Lytton Sep. 1970 13 p refs (Contract AT(40-1)-4052)

(TID-25554; QR-1) Avail: NTIS

Work during the quarter is summarized. As-received Type 304 material was examined both metallographically and with the electron microscope. Methods of specimen preparation were developed and tested, and characteristic data were collected, including those on electron diffraction. The gas-nitriding apparatus was refurbished and recalibrated and preparation were made for initial production of increased-nitrogen alloys. Supplies and equipment were collected and tested where necessary. Specimens of as-recived Type 304 were cut to standard test dimensions and given various amounts of tensile deformation using an Instron machine. The substructural dislocation configurations produced are being examined in the electron microscope and compared with the configurations produced in the fully annealed state. Preliminary designs have been considered for apparatus which will have the capability for stress corrosion testing of austentic stainless steel specimens having increased nitrogen contents under conditions of static tensile loading. Author (NSA)

N72-10442# Dow Chemical Co., Golden, Colo. Rocky Flats

Div.

SURFACE TREATMENT OF 304L STAINLESS STEEL Thomas C. Johnson and L. Harry Faber 10 Dec. 1970 4 p (Contract AT(29-1)-1106)

(RFP-1564; Dr-1649) Avail: NTIS

Preparation of the surface of machined 304L stainless steel parts prior to welding, plating, and other operations is a common manufacturing process. One common method of preparation is by immersion in a solution containing nitric acid and a fluoride ion additive. This process removes small amounts of metal from surfaces exposed to the acid solution. An experimental investigation to determine the process parameters effecting metal removal rate by this preparation process is described. Temperature and nitric acid concentration of the bath were found significant to metal removal rate; concentration of the fluoride ion additive was not significant to metal removal rate. Metal removal rate was approximately proportional to temperature raised to the third power, and inversely proportional to nitric acid concentration. Author (NSA)

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Detailed procedures are given for the preparation of two-step carbon replicas of metal surfaces for examination by transmission electron microscopy. The technique employs a plastic replicating film and is particularly suited for metal surfaces resulting from electrochemical dissolution. Author (NSA)

N72-10444# Atomics International, Canoga Park, Calif. Liquid Metal Engineering Center.

EXAMINATION OF 2 1/4 Cr-1 Mo FERRITIC STEEL TUBES EXPOSED TO SMALL LEAKS OF WATER IN FLOWING SODIUM

W. T. Lee 1 Feb. 1971 75 prefs (Contract AT(04-3)-700)

(LMEC-70-21) Avail: NTIS

Metallurgical examinations and evaluations were performed on a group of 2 1/4 Cr-1 Mo ferritic steel target tubes. These tubes were exposed to small leaks of water in 600 F flowing sodium. The extent of wastage was determined by dimensional and volumetric measurements. Metallographic, hardness, and scanning electron microscopic analyses indicate that the tube wastage process was controlled by: (1) droplet impingement, and (2) temperature rise in the target tube caused by sodium-water reaction. A probable mechanism of wastage for the tubes is postulated. Author (NSA)

N72-10445# Air Force Systems Command, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio. Foreign Technology Div.

STRENGTH VARIATIONS IN FATIGUE TESTS

E. K. Pochtennyi 4 Mar. 1971 18 p refs Transl. into ENGLISH from the publ. "Mekhanicheskaya Ustalost v Statisticheskom Aspekte" USSR, 1969 p 150-159 (Contract F33857-71-d-0057: AF Proj. 4362) (AD-727836; FTD-HC-23-884-70; UR/0620-69-000 000) Avail: NTIS CSCL 11/6

The report analyzes the causes of the dispersion of the lifetime of machine parts under conditions of homogeneous cyclic loading. It is shown that under these conditions the lifetime dispersion is determined by the dispersion of the fatigue limit values for the set of parts considered. The possibility of using three parameter and normal lifetime functions is confirmed experimentally. Author (GRA)

N72-10446# Air Force Systems Command, Wright-Patterson
AFB, Ohio. Foreign Technology Div.
ANTIFRICTION PROPERTIES OF BINARY ALLOYS OF
ALUMINUM-COPPER AND ALUMINUM-MANGANESE IN
RELATION TO THEIR STRUCTURAL DIAGRAMS

A. G. Vinitskii, A. V. Galyko, and B. I. Kostetskii 24 May 1971
13 p refs Transl. into ENGLISH from Fiz. Khim. Obrab. Mater.
(USSR), no. 6, 1969 p 118-122
(AF Proj. 7343)

(AD-727468; FTD-MT-24-51-71) Avail: NTIS CSCL 11/6

A study was made of the effect of the chemical composition and structures on the antifriction properties of binary alloys Al-Cu and Al-Mn for conditions of slip of the spherical indentor along a flat sample without lubrication, or for an insert-roller system. Alloying elements most effectively influence the wear resistance of alloys within the range of limited solid solutions when approaching the point of critical solubility. Author (GRA)

N72-10447# General Electric Co.. Cincinnati, Ohio. Material and Process Technology Labs.

STRENGTHENING OF Fe-Cr-Al-Y OXIDATION RESISTANT ALLOYS Final Report, 1 Jan. 31 Dec. 1970 R. E. Allen 25 Jan. 1971 59 prefs (Contract NO0019-70-C-0232) (AD-727589) Avail: NTIS CSCL 11/6

An investigation of oxide dispersion strengthening of oxidation resistant Fe-Cr-Al-Y alloys was conducted using both coarse and fine metal powder approaches. The most successful method involved preoxidizing and extruding coarse atomized powders. A detailed thermomechanical process (TMP) study of this material

showed that 2000F tensile and stress rupture properties varied widely with rolling-heat treating schedules. Yield and tensile strengths at 2000F were found to increase with increasing volume fraction of oxide and with increasing rolling reduction. but were quite insensitive to grain size. Alloys with up to 4v/o oxide had good ductility. Rupture life at 2000F was found to increase with increasing grain size. Both static and dynamic oxidation testing was conducted. Static cyclic oxidation resistance was found to be equivalent to the base alloy without oxides, and 2100F/Mach 1/1 hour cyclic exposure did not accelerate oxidation kinetics. Author (GRA)

N72-10448# Army Foreign Science and Technology Center,
Charlottesville, Va.
INFLUENCE OF DIFFUSION OF LIQUID METAL INTO
SOLID METAL ON ADSORPTION REDUCTION IN
STRENGTH [VLIYANIYE DIFFUZII ZHIDKOGO METALLA
V TVERDYY NA PROYAVLENIYE ADSORBTSIONNOGO
PONIZHENIYA PROCHNOSTI]

N. V. Pertsov, N. I. Ivanova et al 21 Jul. 1971 8 p refs
Transl. into ENGLISH from Fiz.-Khim. Mekhan. Materialov, Akad.
Nauk Ukr. SSR (Kiev), no. 6, 1970 p 79-82
(Project T702301-2301)

(AD-727685; FSTC-HT-23-1027-71) Avail: NTIS CSCL 11/6

The work reports on a study of the diffusion of adsorption-active metal melts and the influence of diffusion on the strength of the solid metal. The studies are based on observation of diffusion of mercury into zinc. The regularities observed in the rupture of zinc monocrystals are fully reproduced in the testing of polycrystalline zinc, the strength of which is reduced by preliminary diffusion of mercury.

Author (GRA)

N72-10449# IIT Research Inst., Chicago, III.
FATIGUE PROPERTIES OF INVESTMENT CASTINGS
William F. Shaw, Thomas Watmough, Robert P. O'Shea, J.
Dorcic, and J. Staschke Rock Island, III. Army Weapons
Command Apr. 1971 22 p

(Contract DAAF01-69-C-0558)

(AD-727659; IITRI-B6096-4; AMSWE-RE-71-2; AMS-4930.16.6493) Avail: NTIS CSCL 11/6

Large numbers of investment castings are being utilized as components in weapons. Because of the precision of these castings, many of the surfaces exposed to fatigue stresses are cast surfaces. The material studied was an AISI 4140 steel in both the cast and forged condition. Results established that the endurance ratio for the forged material in tension-tension fatigue is 0.54 while the potential ratio for the equivalent cast material is 0.47, very close to that of the forged alloy. Also, the presence of an oxide surface condition, designated as oxide folds, could lower this ratio to as low as 0.24, depending on the severity of these folds. The oxide folds were generally influential enough to mask any effects that surface finish, decarburization, or defects resulting from refractory inclusions might have on fatigue. The work has suggested that process modifications which minimize the oxide film condition will permit the potential endurance ratio to be realized. The addition of a reducing agent to the investment molds is one method noted in this work. Additionally, the work suggested that improvements in endurance ratio in castings which have oxide folds on the surface may also be achieved by abrasive blasting. Fatigue data on investment castings, previously unavailable, have been generated for use in design applications, and the conditions affecting fatigue properties of the castings have been more clearly delineated. Author (GRA)

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NTIS CSCL 11/6

The article deals with the experimental detection of the dependence of the plasticity of Al on the degree of preliminary deformation. Tests were conducted with cold-rolled specimens deformed by 0-80 percent; plasticity was determined in the 20-600 degrees centigrade range. The experimental data confirm that the superplastic effect due to the stabilization process, observed in metastable eutectics and eutectoid alloys, is reflected by an analogous phenomenon in pure metals.

Author (GRA)

N72-10451# Air Force Systems Command, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio. Foreign Technology Div.

RESISTANCE TO ABRASIVE WEAR OF CHROMIUM ALLOYS WITH ADDITIONS OF CARBIDE-FORMING ELEMENTS

V. S. Popov and P. L. Nagornyi 8 Jan. 1971 11 prefs Transl. into ENGLISH from Tekhnol. Organ. Proizvod. (Ukrainian SSR), no. 6, 1969 p 39-41

(AF Proj. 7343)

(AD-724985: FTD-HT-23-823-70; UR/0418-69-000-006) Avail: NTIS CSCL 11/6

The wear resistance of the chromium alloys in the process of pressing refractory parts was investigated. The presence of a large amount of coarse primary chromium carbides requires a greater expenditure of alloying elements, which in turn weakens the base and lowers the resistance to wear. The wear resistance can be improved by the presence of other carbides in amounts sufficient to ensure uniform distribution of all the structural components. GRA

N72-10452# Air Force Systems Command, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio. Foreign Technology Div.

CHANGE IN THE TECHNOLOGY OF SMELTING BALLBEARING STEEL IN ELECTRIC-ARC FURNACES

Yu. A. Gudim, D. Ya. Povolotskii, N. V. Keis, and V. N. Lyubimov 29 Jan. 1971 12 p refs Transl. into ENGLISH from Met. Gornorudn. Prom. (USSR), v. 60, 1969 p 13-16 (AF Proj. 7343)

(AD-724987; FTD-HT-23-885-70) Avail: NTIS CSCL 11/6

The purpose of this study was to decrease the reduction period (which took 90-100 min) when melting steel ShKh15 in electric arc furnaces of small and medium capacities (10-40 tons). Samples for O and nonmetallic inclusion determinations were taken at the end of oxidation period, at the start, middle, and end of reduction period, and from the ladle after tapping. Steel was deoxidized with 75 percent Fe-Si and Al (0.4 Kg-ton). The metal was deoxidized under white slag. The slag was deoxidized with coke powder Fe-Si and Al (10 min before tapping). Al (0.5 Kg-ton) was added to the metal just prior to tapping. Significant elimination of O and S occurred during the first 40-60 min of the reduction period; however, holding the steel under white slag was ineffective. Decrease of the reduction period by 25-30 min (to 60-70 min) did not deteriorate the quality of steel ShKh15, provided the deoxidation was intensified during the rest of the reduction period. Author (GRA)

N72-10453# Air Force Systems Command, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio. Foreign Technology Div.

STRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FINE-GRAIN FORMED BERYLLIUM

I. Papirov and G. F. Tikhinskii 29 Jan. 1971 10 prefs Transl. into ENGLISH from Fiz. Met. i Metalloved. (Moscow), v. 29, no. 5, 1970 p 1057-1060 (AF Proj. 7351/735104)

(AD-724988; FTD-HT-23-888-70) Avail: NTIS CSCL 11/8

The method of programmed different-direction deformation of 99.9 percent pure cast beryllium was used to obtain metal with a grain size of 13 mu m. Its mechanical properties under tension were determined in the 20-1000 degrees centigrade region. At room temperature the tensile strength equalled 56.5 kgf/sq. mm and the relative elongation was 7.5 percent. At the moment of compression testing strength reached 150 kgf/sq.

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