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engine with the highest maximum rated torque will be selected.

(c) Durability data engines:

(1) One engine from each enginesystem combination shall be tested for lifetime smoke emission data as prescribed in § 1201.132(c). Within each combination, the engine which features the highest fuel feed per stroke, primarily at rated speed and secondarily at the speed of maximum rated torque, will be selected for durability testing. In the case where more than one engine in an engine-system combination has the highest fuel feed per stroke, the engine with the highest maximum rated horsepower will be selected for durability testing.

(2) A manufacturer may elect to operate and test additional engines to represent any engine-system combination. The additional engines must be of the same model and fuel system as the engine selected in accordance with the provisions of subparagraph (1) of this paragraph, Notice of an intent to test additional engines shall be given to the Secretary not later than 30 days following notification of the test fleet selection.

(d) Any manufacturer whose projected sales of new motor vehicle engines subject to this subpart for the model year for which certification is sought is less than 200 engines may request a reduction in the number of test engines determined in accordance with the foregoing provisions of this section. The Secretary may agree to such lesser number as he determines would meet the objectives of this procedure.

(e) In lieu of testing an emission data or durability data vehicles elected under paragraph (b) or (c) of this section and submitting data therefor, a manufacturer may, with the prior written approval of the Secretary, submit data on a similar vehicle for which certification has previously been obtained.

§ 1201.131 Maintenance.

(a) (1) Maintenance on the engines and fuel systems of durability engines may be performed only under the following provisions:

(i) One major engine servicing to manufacturer's specifications may be performed at 500 hours (±8 hours) of dynamometer operation. A major engine servicing shall be restricted to the following:

(a) Adjust low idle speed.

(b) Adjust valve lash if required.

(c) Adjust injector timing.
(d) Adjust governor.

(e) Clean and service injector tips. (ii) Injectors may be changed if a persistent misfire is detected.

(iii) Normal engine lubrication services (engine oil change and oil filter, fuel filter, and air filter servicing and adjustment of drive belt tension, and engine bolt torque as required) will be allowed at manufacturer's recommended intervals.

(iv) Readjustment of the engine fuel rates may be performed only if there is a problem of dropping below 95 percent of maximum rated horsepower at 95-100 percent rated speed.

(v) Leaks in the fuel system, engine lubrication system and cooling system may be repaired.

(vi) Any other engine or fuel system maintenance or repairs will be allowed only with the advanced approval of the Secretary.

(2) Allowable maintenance on emission data engines shall be limited to the adjustment of engine low idle speed at the 125-hour test point.

(b) Complete emission tests (see §§ 1201.121-1201.129) shall be run before and after any engine maintenance which may reasonably be expected to affect emissions. These test data shall be supplied to the Secretary immediately after the tests, along with a complete record of all pertinent maintenance, including an engineering report of any malfunction diagnosis and the corrective action taken. In addition, all test data and maintenance reports shall be compiled and provided to the Secretary in accordance with § 1201.53.

(c) If the Secretary determines that maintenance or repairs performed have resulted in a substantial change to the engine-system combination, the engine shall not be used as a durability data engine.

§ 1201.132 Service accumulation and emission measurements.

Service accumulation shall be accomplished by operation of an engine on a dynamometer.

(a) Emission data engines: Each engine shall be operated on a dynamometer for 125 hours with the dynamometer and engine adjusted so that the engine is operating at 95-100 percent of rated speed and at least 95 percent of maximum rated horsepower. During such operation, the engine shall be run at the

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exhaust back pressure specified § 1201.123 (c) and the air inlet restriction specified in § 1201.123(d) except that the tolerances shall be ±0.5 inches of Hg. and 3 inches of water respectively. Exhaust smoke tests shall be conducted at zero and 125 hours of operation.

(b) Durability data engines: Each engine shall be operated on a dynamometer for 1,000 hours with the dynamometer and engine adjusted so that the engine is operating at 95-100 percent of rated speed and at least 95 percent of maximum rated horsepower. During such operation, the engine shall be run at the exhaust back pressure specified in § 1201.123 (c) and the air inlet restriction specified in § 1201.123 (d) except that the tolerances shall be ±0.5 inches of Hg. and ±3 inches of water respectively. Exhaust smoke measurements shall be made at zero hours and at each 125 hours of operation. All results except the zero hour results shall be used to establish the deterioration factors (see § 1201.133).

(c) All tests required by this subpart to be conducted after 125 hours of dynamometer operation or at any multiple of 125 hours may be conducted at any accumulated hours within 8 hours of 125 hours or the appropriate multiple of 125 hours, respectively.

(d) The results of each emission test shall be supplied to the Secretary immediately after the test. In addition, all test data shall be compiled and provided to the Secretary in accordance with § 1201.53.

(e) Whenever the manufacturer proposes to operate and test an engine which may be used for emission or durability data, he shall provide the zero hour test data to the Secretary and make the engine available for such testing under § 1201.54 as the Secretary may require before beginning to accumulate hours on the engine. Failure to comply with this requirement shall invalidate all test data submitted for this engine.

(f) Once a manufacturer begins to operate an emission data or durability data engine, as indicated by compliance with paragraph (e) of this section, he shall continue to run the engine to 125 hours or 1,000 hours, respectively, and the data from the engine shall be used in the calculations under § 1201.133. Discontinuation of an engine shall be allowed only with the prior written consent of the Secretary.

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(a) The emission standards in the regulations in this part apply to the lifetime emission of engines in public use. Prior to certification, lifetime emissions can be obtained by projection of test data to lifetime normal service. Lifetime normal service or its equivalent is taken to be 2,000 hours of prescribed dynamometer operation.

(b) It is expected that the opacity of exhaust emissions will change with use of the engine. It is assumed that the emission level corresponding to 1,000 hours of prescribed dynamometer operation is the average emission of an engine over its lifetime.

(c) The procedure for determining compliance with exhaust smoke emission standards in heavy duty diesel engines is as follows:

(1) Emission deterioration factors for the acceleration mode (designated as "A") and the lugging mode (designated as "B") shall be established separately for each engine-system combination.

(i) The applicable results to be used in determining the deterioration factors for each combination shall be:

(a) All emission data from the tests required under § 1201.132(b), except the zero hour tests. This shall include the official test results, as determined in § 1201.54, for all tests conducted on all durability engines of the combination selected under § 1201.130 (c) (including all engines elected to be operated by the manufacturer under § 1201.130(c) (2)).

(b) All emission data from the tests conducted before and after the maintenance provided in § 1201.131 (a) (1) (i).

(ii) All applicable results shall be plotted as a function of the hours on the system, rounded to the nearest hour, and the best fit straight lines, fitted by the method of least squares, shall be drawn through these data points. The interpolated 125 and 1,000 hour points on this line must be within the standard provided in § 1201.41 or the data shall not be used in calculation of a deterioration factor.

(iii) The deterioration factors will be calculated as follows:

A-percent opacity "a", interpolated to 1,000 hours, minus percent opacity "a," interpolated to 125 hours.

B-percent opacity "b", interpolated to 1,000 hours, minus percent opacity "b", interpolated to 125 hours.

(2) The "percent opacity" values to compare with the standards shall be the opacity values “a” and “b" for each emission data engine within an engine-system combination to which are added the respective factors “A” and “B” of subparagraph (1) of this paragraph for that combination: engine-system Provided, That if a deterioration factor as computed in subparagraph (1) of this paragraph is less than zero, that deterioration factor shall be zero for the purposes of this subparagraph.

(3) Every test engine of an engine family must comply with all applicable standards, as determined in subparagraph (2) of this paragraph, before any engine in that family will be certified.

APPENDIX A

DHEW URBAN DYNAMOMETER DRIVING SCHEDULE

(Speed versus Time Sequence)

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