Mr. SMART. There is no biography as a part of the statement, Mr. Chairman. It can be added to the record when edited. Mr. RIVERS. All right. (The material referred to follows:) DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE-OFFICE OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS OFFICE OF NEWS SERVICES BIOGRAPHY OF MAJ. GEN. BEN HARRELL Ben Harrell was born in Medford, Oreg., March 15, 1911. Shortly after his graduation from Medford High School, he was appointed to the U.S. Military Academy by the late Representative Hawley of Oregon. General Harrell was graduated from the Military Academy on June 13, 1933, and the same day was appointed a second lieutenant in the Regular Army. An infantryman, General Harrell commanded troops in combat and served as a war operations planner in the Mediterranean and Europe for 38 months during World War II. General Harrell has influenced the careers, training, schooling and assignments of countless infantry officers. Just after the end of World War II, he returned from Italy to the Infantry School, Fort Benning, Ga. There he was to remain for 31⁄2 years, passing along his knowledge and wide experience in combat troop leading and operations planning to thousands of young officers. As a member of the Academic Department for more than 2 years, General Harrell was instrumental in the formation of new doctrine and policy for the "Queen of Battle" and for 1 year commanded the Infantry School troops. There, too, in early 1949 at the age of 37, General Harrell volunteered for airborne training and won the coveted parachutist's badge. This new qualification prepared him for future airborne infantry assignments. These were to broaden his experiences and ready him for the critically important post of Chief, Infantry Branch, Career Management Division, Office of the Adjutant General, Washington, D.C., where for more than 2 years, from January 1956 to mid-1958, the training, schooling, and experience of General Harrell's 22 years of infantry service were brought to focus to control the Branch, raising the caliber of infantry officers and thus improving the U.S. Army. In this position, General Harrell directed, monitored, and supervised the career development of all infantry officers. His office selected them for attendance at appropriate service schools and civilian universities and assigned them to units and positions where their potentials for growth could be developed and their on-the-job experiences balanced between command, staff, instructor, adviser, specialist, and joint and combined staff assignments. Shortly after Pearl Harbor, General Harrell was appointed G3 (plans and operations staff officer) for the North African-Mediterranean Theaters of Operations. In this position he was instrumental in the preparation of tactical plans for operation-the amphibious landings in North Africa in November 1942; for mounting the invasion convoy of more than 1,000 ships-world's largest at that time-which landed in the southern beaches of Sicily in July 1943; and for the sweep across this island which terminated at the Straits of Messina in August 1943, and drove the shattered German Army back to the Continent of Europe. After several months in combat in the Volturno and Cassino areas of Italy, he made the landing at Anzio as deputy chief of staff of the 3d Infantry Division, going then to VI Corps as G3 to take part in planning the tactical maneuvers for the defense of Anzio against German counterattack, the eventual breakout from the confining Anzio beachhead, and the pursuit north to capture Rome. Still as G3 of VI Corps, General Harrell landed in southern France on August 15, 1944, in the invasion. A few days later he took command of the 7th Infantry Regiment of the 3d Division and led it through numerous combat actions until it captured Strasbourg, Germany, in December 1944. He then returned to Italy as G3 of the 5th Army, remaining in this assignment until the end of the war and his return to Fort Benning in December 1945. His service with the Infantry School followed until he moved to Fort Campbell, Ky., in July 1949 to join the 11th Airborne Division, first as G3 for 6 months, then to command for 8 months the 511th Airborne Infantry Regiment, and then to serve a year as division chief of staff. After a year as a student at the National War College he was graduated and went to Paris in August 1953, for another year as an operations and training staff officer in Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe. He moved from Paris to Berlin, assuming command of the 6th Infantry Regiment in August 1953, and a year later became chief of staff for the U.S. commander in Berlin. General Harrell returned to the Pentagon in August 1955 and, after 6 months as executive officer for the Assistant Secretary of the Army (Manpower and Reserve Forces), was named to head the Infantry Branch, Career Management Division, Office of the Adjutant General in January 1956. His promotion to brigadier general followed the next month. On completion of this significant assignment he went to the Far East in July 1958, where he commanded the 7th Infantry Brigade and served as assistant commander of the 7th Infantry Division, one of the two U.S. Army divisions then in Korea. Promoted to major general on August 1, 1959, he returned to the United States during the same month for assignment to Headquarters, U.S. Continental Army Command, Fort Monroe, Va. PERSONAL DATA Date and place of birth: March 15, 1911, Medford, Oreg. Marriage: Date: September 6, 1933. Wife: Harriet Campbell, of Medford, Oreg. Children: Charles, attending University of Tennessee; Hunter, attending University of Tennessee. Official home address: Eugene, Oreg. EDUCATION U.S. Military Academy, 1933. The Infantry School-Regular infantry officers advanced course, 1940. Educational equivalent to the Command and General Staff College, 1947. Educational equivalent to the Armed Forces Staff College, 1947. The Infantry School, basic airborne course, 1949. The National War College, 1952. Chronological list of assignments Assignments From To 83, 7th Infantry Regiment, 3d Infantry Division, Fort Lewis, Wash Commanding officer, 15th Infantry Regiment, 3d Infantry Division, Deputy Chief of Staff, 3d Infantry Division, Mediterranean theater of Assistant Chief of Staff, G3, Headquarters, VI Corps, Mediterranean Commanding officer, 7th Infantry Regiment, 3d Infantry Division, Assistant Chief of Staff, G3, Headquarters, 5th Army, Mediterranean Assistant Director of Training, Academic Department, the Infantry Director, Combat Requirements Section, the Infantry School, Fort Ben- Commanding officer, 37th Infantry Regiment, Fort Benning, Ga...................... August 1944... December January 1946. August 1944. December 1944. December 1945. January 1946. September 1946. August 1947. April 1948. Committee Chief, Operations Training Committee, General Subjects Committee Chairman, General Subjects Section, Academic Department- Assistant Chief of Staff, G3, Headquarters, 11th Airborne Division, Commanding officer, 511th Airborne Infantry Regiment, 11th Airborne December 1948. February 1949. February 1949. July 1949. December July 1949. December August 1950. Chief of Staff, Headquarters, 11th Airborne Division, Fort Campbell, Ky. Operations and training staff officer, Supreme Headquarters Allied Commanding officer, 6th Infantry Regiment, U.S. Army, Europe.... Chief, Infantry Branch, Career Management Division, Office of The Chief, Infantry Branch, Officer's Assignment Division, Office of The August 1953. 1949. August 1950. August 1951. August 1952. July 1954. Assistant divi ion commander, 7th Infantry Division, and commanding July 1958.. general, 7th Infantry Brigade, Korea. LIST OF CITATIONS AND DECORATIONS Iegion of Merit (with oak leaf cluster) Bronze Star Medal (with oak left clus- Arny Commendation Ribbon American Campaign Medal American Defense Service Medal Eurore, Africa, Middle Eastern Campaign Medal World War II Victory Medal National Defense Service Medal Golden Cross of Merit (with swords)- Croix de Guerre (France) Fourragere in color of Creix de Guerre Order of British Empire Military Valor or Cross of Italy Mr. RIVERS. General Harrell, we will be pleased to hear from you. You may proceed in any way you want. want. You have slides to accompany you? You may sit down if you General HARRELL. We have slides, yes, sir. Mr. RIVERS. Go right ahead, General. General HARRELL. Mr. Chairman, my presentation deals with the Army requirements for tactical airlift. In developing these requirements I will 1. State the Army requirements in general terms including the required disposition and readiness status of the forces to provide the lift. 2. Discuss some of the more important factors which the Army must necessarily consider in determining tactical airlift requirements. 3. Relate the Army requirements to the current Air Force inventory by giving specific examples of the number of aircraft loads necessary to meet the Army requirements. 4. And finally, a summary of our overall requirements. The Army has a requirement for a simultaneous tactical airlift for [deleted] battle group forces. Each of these battle group forces, as will be explained later, consists of a battle group reinforced with its proportionate share of the division's combat and logistic support elements. The division has five battle groups, therefore, we might restate the requirement as being a simultaneous lift for [deleted] battle group forces. The lift for [deleted] of the battle group forces must maintain a readiness capability of a few hours. Obviously the troops to be lifted must have the same capability. The 101st and 82d Airborne Divisions maintain a readiness status which permits them to start loading their initial elements on 1 hour's notice. The lift for these [deleted] battle group forces should be deployed as follows: (Chart) [Deleted] in Europe (overlay). [Deleted] in the Pacific and (overlay). [Deleted] in the continental United States (overlay). The [deleted] lifts stationed in the United States must have the capability of delivering a [deleted] battle group force to any troubled spot in the Western Hemisphere or of reinforcing Europe and the Pacific each with [deleted] battle group force. The tactical airlift for the [deleted] remaining battle group forces should be stationed in the continental United States. Following a Presidential proclamation of a national emergency, this lift should be immediately available to deliver Army forces as required in the [deleted] or to deploy overseas. In addition this lift should be available on a periodic basis of not less than once a year for joint training. This is necessary in order to insure that airborne divisions and the troop carrier units are properly trained to conduct jointly division size, airborne operations. (Chart) These then are the Army requirements for tactical airlift stated in general terms a lift for [deleted] battle group forces stationed, as indicated [deleted] in Europe, [deleted] in the United States, and [deleted] in the Pacific. Now, I would like to discuss some of the factors the Army must consider in determining the specific airlift requirements. These are important because they govern how we load and the type aircraft required. No one type of aircraft in the current inventory is suitable for all types of airborne operations. Unlike strategic or administrative moves, loading must fit tactical requirements. Tactical loads seldom use the maximum capability of the aircraft insofar as tonnage and personnel are concerned. The first consideration is the type of aircraft that we will be provided. The Tactical Air Command has four types in its current inventory. Normally the Air Force would discuss the characteristics of their aircraft. However, in that our presentation precedes the Tactical Air Command, they have provided us with the aircraft capabilities that I will discuss at this time. These are important to us, but must be determined by the Air Force. The first is the C-130 aircraft. (Chart) This is the best all around aircraft which is available to us. It requires a 2,500-foot prepared runway. Therefore, it cannot be used in those phases of operations requiring a followup on an improvised field. This is the only limitation in meeting the Army tactical airlift requirements. It can be used for a parachute delivery of 64 troopers or can heavy-drop single items of equipment up to a maximum of 21,500 pounds. This item is the M-113 personnel carrier, or it may heavy-drop multiple loads of equipment up to its maximum payload, 38,400 pounds at a 500 nautical miles radius of operation. This heavydrop capability is very important in an air assault operation because it is the only way we are able to air-deliver vehicles and larger weapons. These heavy items must be extracted from the aircraft by parachute. Note that for air-landed operations it can deliver 92 combat equipped troopers. Next is the C-119 aircraft. This aircraft, like the C-130, requires a prepared runway of 3,700 feet in length. This is approximately 1,200 feet more than that required by the C-130. It can be used for the same type operations as the C-130 provided that it has aerial delivery kits which are necessary to give it a heavy drop capability. It has a payload capacity of approximately 33 percent less than the C-130. Its radius of combat operations is 750 nautical miles or 25 percent less than the C-130. The C-123 is the next aircraft available to us. 49066-60-No. 54- 12 |