The Shipley Collection of Scientific Papers, Volume 2391920 - Zoology |
Common terms and phrases
50 gallons Abono Mezclado adult alfalfa aphid Aphis apple showing arsenate of lead Baldwin apple beetles brood brown rot buds case-bearer Catawbas caterpillar Cecidomyiidae chinch bugs clusters Coleophora color Crataegus punctata curculio Curculionidae develop Distribution Europe eggs emerged Experiment female foliage fruit worm galls Geometridae grape grape-berry moth Grasshopper growth hatch hawthorns hibernation Hosts Crataegus inch infested INJURIES PRODUCED Injury Larva insect Island Greening apple J. H. Pflanzenfeinde June June 25 larva larvæ leaf leaves maggots Malus mature midge nicotine sulphate Noctuidae Ohio orchard oviposition ovipositor oxyacantha parasite pecan pest Photographed on August Photographed on July Photographed on September plants plats pounds to 50 Prunus pupa pupate Pyrus redbugs Rhode Island Greening Schmetterlinge Europas season seed setae shown in Plate skin soap species spiracles Spuler stage surface Tortricidae tunnel twigs varieties vineyards weevils wings winter young apples
Popular passages
Page 68 - ... to transform, the leg cases dark yellowish brown, the abdomen a variable orange, narrowly rounded apically. Male. Length 1.75 mm. Antennae nearly as long as the body, sparsely haired, fuscous yellowish; 17 or 18 segments, the fifth with a stem about three-fourths the length of the subcylindric basal enlargement, which latter has a length about twice its diameter and a rather thick subbasal whorl of long, stout setae; terminal segment variable, usually somewhat reduced, irregular, elongate, ovate....
Page 434 - Spy is the slowest in developing size in the fruit, and thus a higher proportion df deeply pitted apples is found in that variety. The Rhode Island Greening and the Baldwin apples develop more rapidly following the set of the fruit, and hence the time is shorter during which the insects may reach the core and produce the deep wounds ; this results in a smaller proportion of deeply pitted apples (Plate V, 9) and a greater number of the russetscar type. The irregular russet scars that have been so...
Page 434 - ... observed on Bough apples, these being very similar to scars found on Champlain and other early varieties. Russet scars caused by redbug punctures on Detroit Red apples were found to be very conspicuous on the dark skin of that variety. The same type of scars is shown on St. Lawrence apples (Plate VI, 13), and in this case the original rough scars, noted in July, changed to a smooth, brassy surface on the mature fruit. The appearance of redbug scars differs according to the variety and is most...
Page 468 - Lygidea mcnda.r may inject into the wound a poison which affects the fruit differently from ordinary punctures. The peculiar festering noted in the wounds made by feeding redbugs, and their subsequent development, are so characteristic that it seems very probable that some secretion of the bug plays an important part. The writer made dissections of nymph and adult heads of L. mendax in an effort to locate poison glands, but if such were present they were so small that he failed to find them. The...
Page 434 - ... the wound. It was found that different varieties of apples would develop different kinds of scars when attacked by the same insect, this being particularly true in the case of the apple redbugs. Fruits that are punctured when very small and growing rapidly develop a different type of scar from that produced on apples that are attacked at a more mature stage. If the core of the young apple is punctured by feeding redbugs, the flesh of the fruit never grows back at the point of puncture and a deep...
Page 64 - ... en Puerto Rico, antes de vender u ofrecer en venta en Puerto Rico cualquier abono, componente de abono o substancias para enmiendas, marcará o asegurará en cada bulto la marca distintiva del producto envasado, el peso del bulto, el nombre y la dirección del fabricante y el análisis garantizado del producto, expresando sólo el mínimum del tanto por ciento de constituyentes útiles que posea dicho abono.
Page 469 - SUN-SCALD Sun-scald is the name usually applied to the excessive burns, that may result from late summer spraying when the sunshine is bright and the atmospheric temperature high. A good illustration of this was observed in 1914. when spraying was done on August 4 and August 5 for the second brood of codling moth. On both days the sunshine was very hot and the temperature ranged from 90° to 100° F. All apples that were well covered with the spray and then exposed to the sunshine for three or four...
Page 434 - Insects affecting the fruit of the apple with particular reference to the characteristics of the resulting scars.