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production of the commodity during the ten calendar years immediately preceding the calendar year in which the national acreage allotment is determined (plus, in applicable years, the acreage diverted under previous agricultural adjustment and conservation programs), with adjustments for abnormal weather conditions and trends in acreage during the applicable period.

(2) In the case of wheat, the allotment to any county shall be apportioned annually by the Secretary, through the local committees, among the farms within such county on the basis of tillable acres, crop-rotation practices, type of soil, and topography. Not more than 3 per centum of such county allotment shall be apportioned to farms on which wheat has not been planted during any of the three marketing years immediately preceding the marketing year in which the allotment is made.

(3) In the case of corn, the allotment to any county shall be apportioned annually by the Secretary, through the local committees, among the farms within such county on the basis of tillable acreage, type of soil, topography, and crop-rotation practices.

(4)*

(5) In determining normal yield per acre for any county under this section in the case of wheat or corn, the normal yield shall be the average yield per acre therein for such commodity during the ten calendar years immediately preceding the calendar year in which such yield is determined, adjusted for abnormal weather conditions and trends in yields. If for any reason there is no actual yield, or the data therefor are not available for any year, then an appraised yield for such year, determined in accordance with regulations of the Secretary, shall be used. If, on account of drought, flood, insect pests, plant disease, or other uncontrollable natural cause, the yield in any year of such ten-year period is less than 75 per centum of the average (computed without regard to such year), such year shall be eliminated in calculating the normal yield per acre. Such normal yield per acre for any county need be redetermined only when the actual average yield for the ten calendar years immediately preceding the calendar year in which such yield is being reconsidered differs by at least 5 per centum from the actual average yield for the ten years upon which the existing normal yield per acre for the county was based.

(6) In determining normal yield per acre for any farm under this section in the case of wheat or corn, the normal yield shall be the average yield per acre thereon for such commodity during the ten calendar years immediately preceding the calendar year in which such yield is determined, adjusted for abnormal weather conditions and trends in yields. If for any such year the data are not available, or there is no actual yield, then the normal yield for the farm shalĺ be appraised in accordance with regulations of the Secretary, taking into consideration abnormal weather conditions, the normal yield for the county, and the yield in years for which data are available.

Conditions affecting payments or grants of aid. (d) Any payment or grant of aid made under subsection (b) shall be conditioned upon the utilization of the land, with respect to which such payment is made, in conformity with farming practices which the Secretary

*Sec. 4 was repealed by sec. 101 (c) (4) Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938, 53 Stat. 573.

finds tend to effectuate any one or more of the purposes specified in clauses (1), (2), (3), (4), or (5) of section 7 (a).

Any payment made under subsection (b) with respect to any farm (except for lands which the Secretary determines should not be utilized for the harvesting of crops but should be permanently used for grazing purposes only) shall, if the number of cows kept on such farm, and in the county in which such farm is located, for the production of milk or products thereof (for market), exceeds the normal number of such cows, be further conditioned upon the utilization of the land, with respect to which such payment is made, so that soilbuilding and soil-conserving crops planted or produced on an acreage equal to the land normally used for the production of soil-depleting crops but, as a condition of such payment, not permitted to be so used, shall be used for the purpose of building and conserving the fertility of the soil, or for the production of agricultural commodities to be consumed on the farm, and not for market. Whenever it is determined that a county, as a whole, is in substantial compliance with the provisions of this paragraph, no payment shall be denied any individual farmer in the county by reason of this paragraph; and no payment shall be denied a farmer by reason of this paragraph unless it has been determined that the farmer has not substantially complied with the provisions of this paragraph. Whenever the Secretary finds that by reason of drought, flood, or other disaster, a shortage of feed exists in any area, he shall so declare, and to the extent and for the period he finds necessary to relieve such shortage, the operation of the condition provided in this paragraph shall be suspended in such area and, if necessary to relieve such shortage, in other areas defined by him. As used in this paragraph, the term "for market" means for disposition by sale, barter, or exchange, or by feeding (in any form) to dairy livestock which, or the products of which, are to be sold, bartered, or exchanged; and such term shall not include consumption on the farm. An agricultural commodity shall be deemed consumed on the farm if consumed by the farmer's family, employees, or household, or if fed to poultry or livestock other than dairy livestock on his farm; or if fed to dairy livestock on his farm and such dairy livestock, or the products thereof, are to be consumed by his family, employees, or household. Whenever the Secretary has reason to believe the income of producers of livestock (other than dairy cattle) or poultry in any area from such sources is being adversely affected by increases in the supply for market of such livestock or poultry, as the case may be, arising as a result of programs carried out under this Act, he shall make an investigation with respect to the existence of such facts. If, upon investigation, the Secretary finds that the income of producers of such livestock or poultry, as the case may be, in any area from any such source is being adversely affected by such increases, he shall, as soon as practicable, make such provisions in the administration of this Act with respect to the use of diverted acres as he may find necessary to protect the interests of producers of such livestock or poultry in the affected area.

Distribution of payments among landlords, tenants, and sharecroppers. (e) Payments made by the Secretary to farmers under subsection (b) shall be divided among the landlords, tenants, and sharecroppers of

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any farm, with respect to which such payments are made, in the same proportion that such landlords, tenants, and sharecroppers are entitled to share in the proceeds of the agricultural commodity with respect to which such payments are made, except that payments based on soilbuilding or soil-conserving practices shall be divided in proportion to the extent which such landlords, tenants, and sharecroppers contribute to the carrying out of such practices. Such payments shall be paid by the Secretary directly to the landlords, tenants, or sharecroppers entitled thereto, and shall be computed at rates which will permit the Secretary to set aside out of the funds available for the making of such payments for each year an amount sufficient to permit the increases herein specified to be made within the limits of the funds so available. If with respect to any farm the total payment to any person for any year would be:

(1) Not more than $20, the payment shall be increased by 40 per centum;

(2) More than $20 but not more than $40, the payment shall be increased by $8, plus 20 per centum of the excess over $20;

(3) More than $40 but not more than $60, the payment shall be increased by $12, plus 10 per centum of the excess over $40;

(4) More than $60 but not more than $186, the payment shall be increased by $14; or

(5) More than $186 but less than $200, the payment shall be increased to $200.

In the case of payments of more than $1, the amount of the payment which shall be used to calculate the 40-, 20-, and 10-per-centum increases under clauses (1), (2), and (3) shall not include that part, if any, of the payment which is a fraction of a dollar.

Beginning with the calendar year 1939, no total payment for any year to any person under such subsection (b) shall exceed $10,000. In the case of payments made to any individual, partnership, or estate on account of performance on farms in different States, Territories, or possessions, the $10,000 limitation shall apply to the total of the payments for each State, Territory, or possession, for a year and not to the total of all such payments.

Change between landlord and tenants or sharecroppers affecting landlord's payments. (f) Any change between the landlord and the tenants or sharecroppers, with respect to any form, that would increase over the previous year the amount of payments or grants of other aid under subsection (b) that would otherwise be made to any landlord shall not operate to increase such payment or grant to such landlord. Any reduction in the number of tenants below the average number of tenants on any farm during the preceding three years that would increase the payments or grants of other aid under such subsection that would otherwise be made to the landlord shall not hereafter operate to increase any such payment or grant to such landlord. Such limitations shall apply only if the county committee finds that the change or reduction is not justified and disapproves such change or reduction.

Assignment of payments. (g) A payment which may be made to a farmer under this section, may be assigned, without discount, by him in writing as security for cash or advances to finance making a crop.

Such assignment shall be signed by the farmer and witnessed by a member of the county or other local committee, or by the treasurer or the secretary of such committee, and filed with the county agent or the county committee. Such assignment shall include the statement that the assignment is not made to pay or secure any preexisting indebtedness. This provision shall not authorize any suit against or impose any liability upon the Secretary or any disbursing agent if payment to the farmer is made without regard to the existence of any such assignment. (Apr. 27, 1935, sec. 8, as added Feb. 29, 1936, sec. 1, 49 Stat. 1149; as amended June 28, 1937, sec. 1, 50 Stat. 329; Feb. 16, 1938, Title I, secs. 101, 102, 103, 52 Stat. 31, 34, 35; Apr. 7, 1938, secs. 16-18, 52 Stat. 204, 205; Apr. 10, 1939, 53 Stat. 573; July 2, 1940, sec. 2, 54 Stat. 727; 16 U. S. C., sec. 590h (a) to (g).)

1084-30. Surveys and investigations; publication of information; reports.-The Secretary is authorized to conduct surveys, investigations, and research relating to the conditions and factors affecting, and methods of accomplishing most effectively, the policy and purposes of section 7 (a). Notwithstanding any provision of existing law, the Secretary is authorized to make public such information as he deems necessary to carry out the provisions of this Act. The Secretary shall transmit to the Congress a report, for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1937, and for each fiscal year thereafter, of the operations for such year under sections 7 to 14, inclusive, of this Act, which report shall include a statement of the expenditures made and obligations incurred, by classes and amounts. (Apr. 27, 1935, sec. 9, as added Feb. 29, 1936, sec. 1, 49 Stat. 1150, as amended June 28, 1937, sec. 2, 50 Stat. 329; 16 U. S. C., sec. 5901.)

1084-31. "Agricultural commodity" defined.-The term "agricultural commodity" as used in this Act means any such commodity and any regional or market classification, type, or grade thereof. (Apr. 27, 1935, sec. 10, as added Feb. 29, 1936, sec. 1, 49 Stat. 1150; 16 U. S. C., sec. 590j.)

1084-32. Availability of funds.-All funds available for carrying out this Act shall be available for allotment to the bureaus and offices of the Department of Agriculture and for transfer to such other agencies of the Federal or State Governments as the Secretary may request to cooperate or assist in carrying out this Act And* for payments to committees or associations of producers in any region or regions to cover the estimated administrative expenses to be incurred by any such committee or association in cooperating in carrying out this Act: Provided, That the Secretary may prescribe that all or part of such estimated expenses of any such committee or association may be deducted pro rata from the payments or grants made to the members thereof: And provided further, That the Secretary may make such payments in advance of determination of performance. (Apr. 27, 1935, sec. 11, as added Feb. 29, 1936, sec. 1, 49 Stat. 1150, and amended June 24, 1936, 49 Stat. 1915; 16 U. S. C., sec. 590k.)

1084-33. Expansion of domestic and foreign markets for agricultural commodities; advances for crop insurance.-(a) Whenever the Secretary finds that the exercise of the powers conferred in this section will tend to carry out the purpose specified in clause (5) of section 7 (a), or

*So in original.

will tend to provide for and maintain a continuous and stable supply of agricultural commodities adequate to meet consumer demand at prices fair to both producers and consumers, or both, he shall use such part as he deems necessary of the sums appropriated to carry out this Act for the expansion of domestic and foreign markets or for seeking new or additional markets for agricultural commodities or the products thereof or for the removal or disposition of surpluses of such commodities or the products thereof.

(b) The Secretary is authorized to make advances to producers for the purpose of assisting them to insure their crops with the Federal Crop Insurance Corporation. The Secretary shall remit the amount of any such advances to a producer directly to such Corporation in payment of the premium on the insurance for which the producer has made application. Advances shall only be made to producers who are participating or who agree to participate in a program formulated pursuant to section 8. Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, the terms and conditions of such advances shall be fixed by the Secretary. The appropriation made in the Department of Agriculture Appropriation Act, fiscal year 1939, under the item entitled "Conservation and Use of Agricultural Land Resources, Department of Agriculture", shall be available during the fiscal year 1939 for advances authorized by this subsection. In carrying out the provisions of this subsection, the Secretary may transfer to the Federal Crop Insurance Corporation, prior to the execution of applictaions for insurance or requests for advances by producers, the funds estimated as necessary to cover the advances which will be requested for the payment of premiums under a crop-insurance program, and any portion of such funds not used for advances to producers under such program shall be returned to the Secretary by the Federal Crop Insurance Corporation. (Apr. 27, 1935, sec. 12, as added Feb. 29, 1936, sec. 1, 49 Stat. 1151; amended Mar. 25, 1939, 53 Stat. 550; July 2, 1940, sec. 1, 54 Stat. 727; 16 U. S. C., sec. 5917.)

1084-34. Execution of powers of Secretary by Agricultural Adjustment Administration. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Act, the Secretary is authorized and directed to provide for the execution by the Agricultural Adjustment Administration of such powers conferred upon him under sections 7 to 14, inclusive, of this Act as he deems may be appropriately exercised by such Administration, and for such purposes the provisions of law applicable to the appointment and compensation of persons employed by the Agricultural Adjustment Administration shall apply. (Apr. 27, 1935, sec. 13, as added Feb. 29, 1936, sec. 1, 49 Stat. 1151; 16 U. S. C., sec. 590m.)

1084-35. Payments reviewable only by Secretary.-The facts constituting the bases for any payment or grant or the amount thereof authorized to be made under section 7 or 8 hereof, when officially determined in conformity with rules or regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Agriculture, shall be reviewable only by the Secretary of Agriculture. (Apr. 27, 1935, sec. 14, as added Feb. 29, 1936, sec. 1, 49 Stat. 1151; 16 U. S. C., sec. 590n.)

1084-36. Appropriation for purposes of sections 590g and 590h; allocation of funds among commodities. To enable the Secretary of Agriculture to carry out the purposes of sections 7 and 8 there is hereby authorized to be appropriated for any fiscal year not exceeding $500,000,000.

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