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first applied to all debts of the insolvent farm loan association to the Federal land bank and the balance, if any, shall be paid to the receiver of said farm loan association: Provided, That in estimating said debts contingent liabilities incurred by national farm loan associations under the provisions of this Act on account of default of principal or interest of indorsed mortgages shall be estimated and included as a debt, and said contingent liabilities shall be determined by agreement between the receiver and the Federal land bank of the district, subject to the approval of the Federal Farm Loan Board [now Farm Credit Administration]*, and if said receiver and said land bank cannot agree, then by the decision of the Land Bank Commissioner, and the amount thus ascertained shall be deducted in accordance with the provisions of this section from the amount otherwise due said national farm loan association for said canceled stock. Whenever the capital stock of a Federal land bank shall be reduced, the board of directors shall cause to be executed a certificate to the Federal Farm Loan Board [now Farm Credit Administration]*, showing such reduction of capital stock, and, if said reduction shall be due to the insolvency of a national farm loan association, the amount repaid to such association. (July 17, 1916, sec. 29, 39 Stat. 381; June 16, 1933, sec. 80 (a), 48 Stat. 273; 12 U. S. C., sec. 964.)

638-168. Voluntary liquidation; consolidation of farm loan associations.-No national farm loan association, Federal land bank or joint stock land bank shall go into voluntary liquidation without the written consent of the Federal Farm Loan Board [now Farm Credit Administration]*, but national farm loan associations may consolidate under rules and regulations promulgated by the Federal Farm Loan Board [now Farm Credit Administration]*. (July 17, 1916, sec. 29, 39 Stat. 381; 12 U. S. C., sec. 965.)

638-169. National farm loan associations; disposition of stock in Federal land bank upon voluntary liquidation; personal liability of members.— Upon liquidation of any national farm loan association, the stock in the Federal land bank held by such association shall be canceled and the Federal land bank shall thereupon issue to the borrowers through such association an amount of stock in the Federal land bank equal to the amount of stock held by such borrowers in the liquidated association, such stock to be held by the bank as collateral to the loans of such borrowers and to be paid off and retired at par in the same manner as stock held by borrowers in farm loan associations, and the Federal land bank shall pay to the borrowers holding such stock the same dividends as are paid to national farm loan associations by such bank. The personal liability of the stockholders in such liquidated association to the association shall survive such liquidation and shall be vested in the bank in that district, which may enforce the same as fully as the association could if in existence. (July 17, 1916, sec. 29, 39 Štat. 381; Mar. 4, 1923, sec. 311, 42 Stat. 1478; 12 U. S. C., sec. 966.)

638-170. Conservator in lieu of receiver; appointment; compensation; expenses. Upon receiving satisfactory evidence that any national farm loan association has failed to meet its outstanding obligations of any description, and that it will be to the best interests of its creditors and stockholders for the association to continue in business, the Farm Credit Administration may, in its discretion, in lieu of appointing a

'See Ex. Or. 6084, p. 254, this volume.

receiver as hereinabove in this section provided, appoint a conservator for such association and require of him such bond and security as the Administration may deem proper. The person so appointed shall be a land bank appraiser appointed under the authority of section 3 of this Act: Provided, however, That the Farm Credit Administration may, in its discretion, appoint some other qualified person. Any land bank appraiser appointed as a conservator shall serve without any additional compensation. Any other person appointed as a conservator shall receive such compensation as the Farm Credit Administration may authorize. Such compensation and all necessary and proper expenses of any such conservatorship shall be paid out of the assets of such association and shall be a lien thereon which shall be prior to any other lien.

Conservation of assets; preparation of report of association's financial condition. The conservator, under the direction of the Farm Credit Administration, may, when directed so to do, take possession of the books, records, and assets of every description of such association, and take such action as may be necessary to conserve such assets pending final determination of the financial condition of the association and the conditions under which it may be permitted to continue in business. Such conservator shall at the earliest practicable date make such investigations as shall be necessary to enable him to prepare an accurate report on the financial condition of such association. In preparing such report he shall value the association's assets and determine its indebtedness: Provided, That in determining said indebtedness contingent liabilities incurred by the association under the provisions of this Act on endorsed mortgages shall be estimated and included as a debt. On the basis of said evaluation of the association's assets and indebtedness, the conservator shall determine the fair book value of the outstanding stock of said association and the claims of any retired shareholders based on their previous stock ownership. Upon its completion said report shall be submitted to the Federal land bank of the district and said bank shall thereupon indicate its approval thereof or note any exceptions thereto and submit such report together with its exceptions, if any, to the Farm Credit Administration for consideration.

Approval or disapproval of report; powers of Administration. If said report is approved, in whole or in part, by the Farm Credit Adminis tration, upon recommendation of the Federal land bank of the district said Administration shall then decide whether such association shall be permitted to pay off and retire its capital stock at its fair book value, upon full payment of the mortgage loans in connection with which such stock was issued originally, and to settle on the same basis the claims of any of its stockholders who have previously paid their loans in full, but have not received credit for, or the proceeds of their stock in such association. At the same time the Farm Credit Administration shall also decide whether it will permit said association to admit new members pursuant to section 25 (b) of the Farm Credit Act of 1937. If the decision of said Administration is in the affirmative, it may terminate the conservatorship and turn the affairs of the association back to its board of directors. If said report is not ap proved or the decision of said Administration is in the negative, it may, in its discretion, terminate the conservatorship and permit such association to resume the transaction of its business subject to such

terms, conditions, restrictions, and limitations as it may prescribe for the protection of the rights of creditors and stockholders, or said Administration may appoint a receiver for the association as elsewhere provided in this section.

Settlement with shareholders. Any settlement made with a retiring or retired shareholder on the basis of the fair book value of the stock of the association pursuant to this section shall be made only on condition that said shareholder agrees to accept such settlement as payment in full. If any shareholder or former shareholder does not desire to settle on such basis, he may, in lieu thereof, be given a participation certificate which will entitle him to share pro rata, on the basis of the number of shares of stock which he owned in the association, in the distribution of any assets of the association which is made after all of its indebtedness to creditors has been satisfied. The Federal land bank of the district may pay to the association from the proceeds of bank stock retired in connection with the payment in full of loans endorsed by such association an amount sufficient to permit the association to make the settlements provided for in this section and any balance of such proceeds shall be retained by the bank and applied as a credit on the indebtedness of the association to it.

Readjustment of fair book value of under par stock. After any determination by the Farm Credit Administration as herein provided, that the fair book value of the stock of a national farm loan association is less than the par value thereof, periodically thereafter any increase in the fair book value of said stock resulting from earnings of the association and actual recoveries in excess of the valuations used by the Farm Credit Administration in determining the fair book value of the stock of such association, as herein provided, shall, under rules and regulations of the Farm Credit Administration, be apportioned ratably on a per-share basis to all outstanding stock or participation certificates having a fair book value less than par until the fair book value of all such stock or participation certificates is equal to the par value thereof.

Continued losses; appointment of another conservator or receiver. In the event that the indebtedness, as determined by the conservator, of an association which has been under conservatorship pursuant to this section increases in excess of the earnings of such association, the Farm Credit Administration may, in its discretion, again appoint a conservator for the association, or it may appoint a receiver as elsewhere provided in this section. (July 17, 1916, sec. 29, 39 Stat. 381; Aug. 19, 1937, sec. 25 (d), 50 Stat. 713; 12 Ú. S. C., sec. 967 (a) to (f).)

638-171. Examination to ascertain adequacy of safeguards to mortgagee. That it shall be the duy of the Land Bank Commissioner to make examination of the laws of every State of the United States and to inform the Federal Farm Loan Board [now Farm Credit Administration]* as rapidly as may be whether in his judgment the laws of each State relating to the conveying and recording of land titles, and the foreclosure of mortgages or other instruments securing loans, as well as providing homestead and other exemptions and granting the power to waive such exemptions as respects first mort

*See Ex. Or. 6084, p. 254, this volume.

gages, are such as to assure the holder thereof adequate safeguards against loss in the event of default on loans secured by any such mortgages. (July 17, 1916, sec. 30, 39 Stat. 382; June 16, 1933, sec. 80 (a), 48 Stat. 273; 12 U. S. C., sec. 971.)

638-172. Effect of insufficient protection on mortgages covering land in State; assistance in examining laws.-Pending the making of such examination in the case of any State, the Federal Farm Loan Board [now Farm Credit Administration]* may declare first mortgages on farm lands situated within such State ineligible as the basis for an issue of farm loan bonds; and if said examination shall show that the laws of any such State afford insufficient protection to the holder of first mortgages of the kinds provided in this Act, said Federal Farm Loan Board [now Farm Credit Administration]* may declare said first mortgages on land situated in such State ineligible during the continuance of the laws in question. In making his examination of the laws of the several States and forming his conclusions thereon said Land Bank Commissioner may call upon the office of the Attorney General of the United States for any needed legal advice or assistance, or may employ special counsel in any State where he considers such action necessary. (July 17, 1916, sec. 30, 39 Stat. 382; June 16, 1933, sec. 80 (a), 48 Stat. 273; 12 U. S. C., sec. 972.)

638-173. Statement to State Executive.-At the request of the Executive of any State the Federal Farm Loan Board [now Farm Credit Administration]* shall prepare a statement setting forth in what respects the requirements of said board [now administration]* cannot be complied with under the existing laws of such State. (July 17, 1916, sec. 30, 39 Stat. 382; 12 U. S. C., sec. 973.)

638-174. Penalties; false statements in applications for loans; willful overvaluation of land; acceptance of loan or gratuity by examiners.—Any applicant for a loan under this Act, or officer or representative of any such applicant, who shall knowingly make any false statement in the application for such loan, and any member of a loan committee or any appraiser provided for in this Act who shall willfully overvalue any land offered as security for loans under this Act, shall be punished by a fine of not exceeding $5,000, or by imprisonment not exceeding one year, or both. Any examiner appointed under this Act who shall accept a loan or gratuity from any land bank or national farm loan association examined by him or from any person connected with any such bank or association in any capacity, shall be punished by a fine of not exceeding $5,000, or by imprisonment not exceeding one year, or both, and may be fined a further sum equal to the money so loaned or gratuity given, and shall forever thereafter be disqualified from holding office as an examiner under the provisions of this Act. No examiner, while holding such office, shall perform any other service for compensation for any bank or banking or loan association, or for any person connected therewith in any capacity. (July 17, 1916, sec. 31, 39 Stat. 382; June 3, 1935, sec. 21, 49 Stat. 319; 12 U. S. C., sec. 981.)

638-175. Falsely making, forging, or counterfeiting bonds or coupons; passing false bonds or coupons; falsely altering.-Any person who shall falsely make, forge, or counterfeit, or cause or procure to be falsely

*See Ex. Or. 6084, p. 254, this volume.

made, forged, or counterfeited, or willingly aid or assist in falsely making, forging, or counterfeiting any bond, coupon, or paper in imitation of, or purporting to be in imitation of, the bonds or coupons issued by any land bank or national farm loan association, now or hereafter authorized and acting under the laws of the United States; or any person who shall pass, utter, or publish, or attempt to pass, utter, or publish any false, forged, or counterfeited bond, coupon, or paper purporting to be issued by any such bank or association, knowing the same to be falsely made, forged, or counterfeited; or whoever shall falsely alter, or cause or procure to be falsely altered, or shall willingly aid or assist in falsely altering any such bond, coupon, or paper, or shall pass, utter, or publish as true any falsely altered or spurious bond, coupon, or paper issue, or purporting to have been issued, by any such bank or association, knowing the same to be falsely altered or spurious, shall be punished by a fine of not exceeding $5,000 or by imprisonment not exceeding five years, or both. (July 17, 1916, sec. 31, 39 Stat. 382; 12 U. S. C., sec. 982.)

638-176. Charging or receiving unauthorized fee or commission; disclosing names of borrowers.-Other than the usual salary or director's fee paid to any officer, director, or employee of a national farm loan association, a Federal land bank, or a joint stock land bank, and other than a reasonable fee paid by such association or bank to any officer, director, attorney, or employee for services rendered, no officer, director, attorney, or employee of an association or bank organized under this Act shall be a beneficiary of or receive, directly or indirectly, any fee, commission, gift, or other consideration for or in connection with any transaction or business of such association or bank. No land bank or national farm loan association organized under this Act shall charge or receive any fee, commission, bonus, gift, or other consideration not herein specifically authorized. No examiner, public or private, shall disclose the names of borrowers to other than the proper officers of a national farm loan association or land bank without first having obtained express permission in writing from the Land Bank Commissioner or from the board of directors of such association or bank, except when ordered to do so by a court of competent jurisdiction or by direction of the Congress of the United States, or of either House thereof, or any committee of Congress or of either House duly authorized. Any person violating any provision of this paragraph shall be punished by a fine of not exceeding $5,000 or by imprisonment not exceeding one year, or both. (July 17, 1916, sec. 31, 39 Stat. 382; June 16, 1933, sec. 80 (a), 48 Stat. 273; 12 U. S. C., sec. 983.)

638-177. Fraud and embezzlement.-Any person connected in any capacity with any national farm loan association, Federal land bank, or joint stock land bank, who embezzles, abstracts, or willfully misapplies any moneys, funds, or credits thereof, or who without authority from the directors draws any order, assigns any note, bond, draft, mortgage, judgment, or decree thereof, or who makes any false entry in any book, report, or statement of such association or land bank with intent in either case to defraud such institution or any other company, body politic or corporate, or any individual person, or to deceive any officer of a national farm loan association or land bank or any agent appointed to examine into the affairs of any such association or bank, and every person who with like intent aids or abets any officer, clerk, or agent in any violation of this section, shall be punished

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