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Subsection (n) is new and grants authority to the Commandant to lease real property under the control of the Coast Guard, when not immediately needed in Coast Guard operations. Such authority will be advantageous to the Government, on the basis of past experience. Subsection (o) is new and is supplementary to subsection (n) of this section. It grants further authority to the Commandant permitting him to grant minor interests in land which is under control of the Coast Guard. This will avoid the necessity of special acts of Congress in each of such instances.

Subsection (p) is new and is necessary to give proper authority for the maintenance of networks of wires and cables, in some cases over or along private property or public highways. These networks are in existence at the present time and are essential for the Service to carry out its functions.

Subsection (q) is new and is necessary in order to provide clear authority for the maintenance of radio stations which are essential to Coast Guard functions.

Sec.

CHAPTER 7. COOPERATION WITH OTHER AGENCIES

141. General.

142. State Department.

143. Treasury Department.

144. Department of the Army and Department of the Air Force.

145. Navy Department.

146. Post Office Department.

147. Department of Commerce.

148. Maritime instruction.

149. Detail of officers and men to assist foreign governments. 150. Coast Guard officers as attaches to missions.

151. Contracts with Government-owned establishments for work and material. IN CONNECTION WITH ITS MARITIME POLICE, PROMOTING SAFETY OF LIFE AND PROPERTY AT SEA, AND AIDING NAVIGATION FUNCTIONS, THE COAST GUARD FREQUENTLY FINDS IT ADVISABLE TO UTILIZE THE SERVICES OF OTHER AGENCIES AND CORRELATIVELY, FREQUENTLY FINDS ITS FACILITIES USEFUL TO OTHER AGENCIES. THIS HIGH DEGREE OF COOPERATION, A NATURAL ATTRIBUTE OF A PRODUCING AND SERVICEING AGENCY, IS IMPORTANT NOT ONLY BECAUSE IT GREATLY PROMOTES THE QUANTITY AND QUALITY OF THE SERVICES PERFORMED, BUT BECAUSE THE CONCENTRATION OF THESE FUNCTIONS IN ONE AGENCY RESULTS IN SAVINGS TO THE GOVERNMENT OF MAN-POWER, FUNDS, AND EQUIPMENT. IN THE BELIef that legislATIVE RECOGNITION OF AND SPECIFIC POWER TO CONTINUE THIS NEEDED COOPERATION ARE DESIRABLE, CHAPTER 7 OF THIS TITLE CONTAINS A GROUP OF SECTIONS ON COOPERATION WITH DESIGNATED AGENCIES. THIS IS NOT MEANT TO BE A COMPLETE LISTING OF COOPERATING AGENCIES, BUT RATHER THE DESIGNATION OF THE PRINCIPAL ONES. IN ADDITION, THE FIRST SECTION OF THE CHAPTER DEALS WITH AVAILABILITY OF COAST GUARD PERSONNEL AND FACILITIES TO OTHER AGENCIES AND THE AVAILABILITY OF OTHER AGENCY PERSONNEL AND FACILITIES TO THE COAST GUARD.

SECTION 141-SECTION REVISED

This section is based in part on title 33, U. S. C., 1946 ed., § 756 (Mar. 3, 1915, ch. 81, § 6, 38 Stat. 928), and authorizes the Coast Guard to use its personnel and facilities to assist other Government agencies

when requested and, correlatively, authorizes the Coast Guard to utilize the personnel and facilities of other agencies. It is believed desirable to have this authority spelled out by statute because in times of emergency, for example floods, it sometimes becomes most advantageous to cooperate in this manner.

SECTION 142-NEW SECTION

Because of the numerous situations in which it is necessary for the Coast Guard to deal with foreign governments, particularly in the field of safety of life and property at sea, the Coast Guard and the State Department agree that a provision such as this is desirable.

THE INTERNATIONAL CHARACTER OF MANY COAST GUARD FUNCTIONS MAKES IT MORE AND MORE NECESSARY FOR THE SERVICE TO BE AN INITIATING OR PARTICIPATING AGENCY IN INTERNATIONAL COL

LABORATION. EXAMPLES OF INTERNATIONAL MEETINGS CONCERNED WITH MATTERS AFFECTING THE Coast Guard incLUDE THOSE WHICH DEALT WITH THE INTERNATIONAL RULES OF THE ROAD, INTERNATIONAL LOAD LINES, THE INTERNATIONAL CODE OF SIGNALS, SAFETY AT SEA, AND INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS. IT IS HIGHLY DESIRABLE THAT THERE BE A CLEAR-CUT LEGISLATIVE EXPRESSION OF COAST GUARD COOPERATION WITH THE STATE DEPARTMENT ON PROPOSED INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES DEALING WITH VARIOUS PHASES OF

COAST GUARD ACTIVITIES, SUCH AS AIDS TO NAVIGATION, LIFE-SAVING EQUIPMENT, NAVIGATION AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT OTHER THAN RADIO COMMUNICATION, REGULATION OF DANGEROUS CARGOES, INTERNATIONAL RULES OF THE ROAD, SAFETY REQUIREMENTS AND EQUIPMENT OF TRANSOCEANIC AIRCRAFT AND VESSELS, AND SAFE MANNING STANDARDS AND EFFICIENCY OF PERSONNEL EMPLOYED ON

TRANSOCEANIC AIRCRAFT AND VESSELS. PROVISIONS FOR SIMILAR RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE CIVIL AERONAUTICAL BOARD AND THE STATE DEPARTMENT APPEAR IN THE ACT OF JUNE 23, 1938, AS AMENDED, 52 STAT. 984 (TITLE 49, U. S. C., 1946 ED., §§ 425 (c), 602)

SECTION 143-SECTION REVISED

Based on title 19, U. S. C., 1946 ed., §§ 1401 (1), 1709 (b) (Aug. 5, 1935, ch. 435, title II, § 201, 49 Stat. 521; Aug. 5, 1935, ch. 438, title IV, § 401, 49 Stat. 529).

This section will not repeal the sections cited above, but makes further provision that Coast Guard personnel when acting as officers of the customs shall, insofar as enforcing customs laws are concerned, be subject to regulations governing regular officers of the customs.

SECTION 144-SECTION REVISED

Subsection (a) is based on title 14, U. S. C., 1946 ed., § 28 (Aug. 29, 1916, ch. 417, 39 Stat. 601). Section has been enlarged to include the Air Force as well as the Army, and to include all schools maintained by the Army or Air Force, rather than aviation schools only. Reimbursement is made optional depending upon agreement of the Secretaries.

Subsection (b) is based on title 14, U. S. C., 1946 ed., § 31 (Mar. 6, 1920, ch. 94, § 1, 41 Stat. 506). Changes in phraseology were made in order to adapt the section to this revision.

Subsection (c) is based on title 14, U. S. C., 1946 ed., § 31a (Mar. 3, 1909, ch. 252, 35 Stat. 751; Apr. 15, 1937, ch. 101, 50 Stat. 65).

SECTION 145-SECTION REVISED

Subsection (a) is based on title 14, U. S. C., 1946 ed., §§ 28, 42, 57 (Aug. 29, 1916, ch. 417, 39 Stat. 601; July 3, 1926, ch. 742, § 11, 44 Stat. 817). Subsection is enlarged to make reimbursement for the building of ships or the training of personnel dependent on agreement of the Secretaries, and to include all schools operated by the Navy, rather than aviation schools only.

Subsection (b) is based on title 14, U. S. C., 1946 ed., § 31 (Mar. 6, 1920, ch. 94, § 1, 41 Stat. 506). Changes in phraseology were made in order to adapt the section to this revision.

Subsection (c) is new. This subsection enacts what has been the practice of the Navy and Coast Guard in keeping the Coast Guard trained to "come on board with some muscle" in time of emergency. SECTION 3 OF THIS TITLE DEALS WITH THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE COAST GUARD TO THE NAVY DEPARTMENT. THIS SECTION DEALS WITH COOPERATION WITH THE NAVY. WHEREAS THE STATUS OF THE COAST GUARD IN 1IME OF WAR WAS TREATED IN CHAPTER 1 OF THIS TITLE, THIS SECTION HAS APPLICATION IN TIME OF PEACE WHEN THE COAST GUARD IS NOT UNDER THE NAVY DEPARTMENT.

SECTION 146-NEW SECTION

This section provides generally for what has been the practice between the Coast Guard and the Post Office Department in Alaska for years. The authorization is limited to emergency conditions or isolated locations.

SECTION 147-NEW SECTION

This section outlines the sphere of cooperation between the Weather Bureau and the Coast Guard. It would not permit any cooperation that has not been carried on in the past.

ALTHOUGH THE COAST GUARD HAS ALWAYS COOPERATED CLOSELY WITH THE WEATHER BUREAU, POSITIVE RECOGNITION OF THIS HAS APPEARED IN THE STATUTES. IN ITS PATROL, ITS AIDING NAVIGATION, AND ITS LIFE SAVING ACTIVITIES, THE COAST Guard

NEVER

FINDS IT

IMPORTANT TO MAKE, RECEIVE AND TRANSMIT WEATHER

OBSERVATIONS AND MEASUREMENTS. FURTHERMORE, WITH THE ADVENT OF WAR, WEATHER REPORTING, PARTICULARLY MID-ATLANTIC WEATHER PATROL WORK, ASSUMED INCREASING IMPORTANCE, AND THIS EXTENSIVE WEATHER STATION MANNING IN COOPERATION WITH THE WEATHER BUREAU MUST BE PROVIDED FOR IN THE POSTWAR THIS SECTION PROVIDING FOR SUCH CLOSE COOPERATION WITH THE WEATHER BUREAU IN WEATHER REPORTING WOULD CRYS

PERIOD.

TALLIZE

THE COOPERATIVE PRACTICES OF THE TWO AGENCIES AS

THEY HAVE OPERATED FOR YEARS.

SECTION 148-SECTION REVISED

Based on title 14, U. S. C., 1946 ed., § 49 (Aug. 4, 1939, ch. 416,

53 Stat. 1181).

Minor changes in phraseology were made in order to adapt the section to this revision.

SECTION 149-NEW SECTION

Derived from title 34, U. S. C., 1946 ed., § 441a (May 19, 1926, ch. 334, 44 Stat. 565; May 14, 1935, ch. 109, 49 Stat. 218; Oct. 1, 1942, ch. 571, 56 Stat. 763; 1946 Proc. No. 2695, July 4, 1946, 11 F. R. 7517, 60 Stat. 1352).

Experience has indicated that it will be advantageous for the Government to include the Coast Guard along with the other armed forces for the purpose of detailing personnel for service with foreign governments.

IT SEEMS PROBABLE THAT THE INCREASED COLLABORATION WITH FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS AFTER THE WAR AND THE VITAL NATURE OF THE COAST GUARD'S ACTIVITIES IN RELATION TO SUCH COLLABORATION WILL RESULT IN REQUESTS FROM TIME TO TIME BY FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS FOR ASSISTANCE WHICH THE COAST GUARD IS IN THE BEST POSITION TO RENDER. THIS SECTION, WHICH CONFERS BROAD AUTHORITY IN THE PRESIDENT TO DETAIL COAST GUARD OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN TO ASSIST FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS, IS PATTERNED AFTER THE ACT OF OCTOBER 1, 1942, 56 Stat. 763 (TITLE 34, U.S. C., 1946 ED., § 441-A), WHICH AUTHORIZES THE PRESIDENT TO DETAIL ARMY, NAVY, AND MARINE CORPS OFFICERS AND MEN TO CERTAIN FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS AND, IN TIMES OF WAR OR NATIONAL EMERGENCY, TO ANY FOREIGN GOVERNMENT IN THE INTERESTS OF NATIONAL DEFENSE.

SECTION 150-NEW SECTION

Experience since the war has indicated the necessity for making provision for the assignment of Coast Guard officers to diplomatic missions in those foreign countries which are extensively engaged in maritime commerce with the United States. This is largely the result of duties in connection with inspection of merchant vessels.

THIS SECTION AUTHORIZES THE DESIGNATION, WITH THE CONSENT OF THE STATE DEPARTMENT, OF COAST GUARD OFFICERS TO BE OFFICIALLY ATTACHED ΤΟ DIPLOMATIC MISSIONS OF THE UNITED STATES. ALTHOUGH COAST GUARD ADVICE ON COAST GUARD MATTERS IS ALWAYS AVAILABLE TO OUR DIPLOMATIC MISSIONS, IN THOSE LOCATIONS WHERE SUCH ADVICE AND INFORMATION ARE FREQUENTLY SOUGHT, IT IS FELT THAT THE MOST EFFECTIVE UTILIZATION OF COAST GUARD SERVICES WOULD BE ACHIEVED BY HAVING COAST GUARD OFFICERS ATTACHED TO SUCH MISSIONS. PROVISION FOR CUSTOMS

OFFICERS TO BE ATTACHED TO DIPLOMATIC MISSIONS IS CONTAINED IN

THE ACT OF MARCH 4, 1923, AS AMENDED, 42 STAT. 1453 (TITLE 19, U. S. C., 1946 ED., § 6). BEFORE THE TRANSFER IN 1939 OF THE FOREIGN AGRICULTURE SERVICE TO THE STATE DEPARTMENT, REPRESENTATIVES OF THE BUREAU OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS OF THE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE STATIONED ABROAD WERE AGRICULTURAL ATTACHES. ACT OF JUNE 5, 1930, 46 STAT. 498 (TITLE 7, U. S. C., 1946 ED., § 542 (A)).

SECTION 151-SECTION UNCHANGED

Based on title 14, U. S. C., 1946 ed., § 31c (June 6, 1942, ch. 384, 56 Stat. 328).

CHAPTER 9. COAST GUARD ACADEMY

Sec.

181. Administration of Academy.

182. Cadets; number, appointment, obligation to serve. 183. Cadets; initial clothing allowance.

184. Cadets degree of bachelor of science.

185. Cadets; appointment as ensign.

186. Civilian instructors.

187. Permanent commissioned teaching staff; composition. 188. Appointment of permanent commissioned teaching staff. 189. Grade of permanent commissioned teaching staff.

190. Retirement of permanent commissioned teaching staff. 191. Credit for service as civilian instructor.

192. Assignment of personnel as instructors.

193. Advisory Committee.

194. Annual Board of Visitors.

SECTION 181-NEW SECTION

This section does not change the present method of administration of the Academy. It makes statutory what has been administrative regulation heretofore, and it is believed highly desirable to make the control of an institution of such national interest as the Academy the subject of a statute.

THIS SECTION IS NEW. THERE IS NO PROVISION IN EXISTING LAW
WHICH ESTABLISHES THE ACADEMY AND SETS IT UP AS AN OPERATING
UNIT. NOR IS THERE ANY PROVISION WHICH CREATES THE OFFICE OF
SUPERINTENDENT OF THE ACADEMY, OR PRESCRIBES HIS DUTIES AND
FUNCTIONS. HERETOFORE THIS HAS BEEN ACCOMPLISHED BY REGU-
LATIONS, AND THE LAWS WHICH DEAL WITH THE ACADEMY ASSUME ITS

EXISTENCE AS A GOING INSTITUTION AND ASSUME THE EXISTENCE OF
THE SUPERINTENDENT WITH CERTAIN DEFINED FUNCTIONS AND DUTIES.
THIS SECTION CONTINUES THE ACADEMY AS PREVIOUSLY ESTABLISHED,
PROVIDES FOR THE APPOINTMENT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT BY THE
COMMANDANT, AND DEFINES IN GENERAL TERMS HIS FUNCTIONS. THE
ACADEMY WOULD THUS BE PLACED ON A DEFINITE STATUTORY BASIS,
AND THE OFFICE OF SUPERINTENDENT WOULD BE A STATUTORY POSI-
TION, BUT THE PRESENT ADMINISTRATION OF THE ACADEMY WOULD IN
NO WAY BE INTERFERED WITH.

SECTION 182-SECTION REVISED

Based on the proviso under the heading "Revenue Cutter Service" of the act of February 25, 1903, ch. 755, 32 Stat. 869, and on title 14, U. S. C., 1946 ed., §§ 15, 15a-1, 25 (June 23, 1906, ch. 3520, § 2, 34 Stat. 452; Jan. 28, 1915, ch. 20, § 1, 38 Stat. 800; July 3, 1926, ch. 742, § 6, 44 Stat. 816; July 30, 1937, ch. 545, § 5, 50 Stat. 549; May 25, 1943, ch. 99, 57 Stat. 84).

Section 15 of title 14, U. S. C., 1946 ed., has been divided. That part dealing with clothing allowance for cadets is placed in section 183 of this title and the other parts are incorporated with the proviso of title 14, U. S. C., 1946 ed., § 15a-1 to form this section.

Section 15a-1 of title 14, U. S. C., 1946 ed., has been divided. That part dealing with the appointment of cadets to the grade of ensign is placed in section 185 of this title, and the proviso is placed in this section.

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