291 Prefent flourishing State of the National Fisheries 342 297 On the Difference of Colour in the Inhabitants of Different Climates, by R. Clarkfon Experiments and Obfervations on the Singing of Birds-Birds have not any innate ideas of their peculiar fong-From what circumftances they fix upon any particular fongWhy finging is confined to the cocks of a few fpeciesTable of the comparative merit of Singing Birds-The European birds fuperior to all others; &c. By the Hon. Daines Barrington On the Pains and Pleafures of Refidence in the Country 314 Anfwer to Remarks on fome Provincial Expressions A Character of the Creoles of 303 318 319 325 Obfervations on the Produce and Fog of the year 1783-A On the Influence of Electricity on Vegetables-Vegetation moft luxuriant when Thunder abounds when an earthquake has happened and in the neighbourhood of Volcanoes-Electricity has power over the Motions of Vegetables-as in the Senfitive Plant, and others-is the caufe of the Light that proceeds from the Indian Crefs, &c. By the Abbé Berthelon 345 Critical Remarks on the last edition of Shakespeare, by Johnson and Steevens . 354 Another Anfwer to the Re A STATE of the BAROMETER in inches and decimals, and of Farenheit's THERMOMETER, in the open air, taken before sunrise, and the quantity of rain-water fallen, in inches and decimals, from the 30th of Oct. 1786 to the 30th of Nov. 1786, near the foot of Arthur's Seat, THERMOMETER. 27-49 greatest height. 15-27 leaft height before fun rife. 19-29.05 leaft height. BAROMETER. 8-30.3 greatest height. A L VIEWS IN SCOTLAND. LINLITHGOW PALACE. INLITHGOW is fuppofed to be the Lindum of Ptolemy, and to take its name from its fituation on a lake, or lin, or llyn, which the word lin, or llyn, fignifies. The caftle was founded by Edward I. who refided in it for a whole winter. But in 1307, we find that it was taken and demolished by one Binny, a Scotfman. In the reign of Edward III. the English poffeffed it again for there is extant an order for the cuftody of the hofpital to John Swanland *. It is at prefent a magnificent edifice, of a fquare form, finely feated da bove the lake. James V. and VI. ornamented it greatly. The infide is much embellished with fculpture; over an inner gate are niches, in former times holding the ftatues of a Pope and a Cardinal; erected, as tradition fays, by James V. in compliment to his holiness for a prefent of a confecrated fword and helmet t. On an outward gate, detached from the building, are the four orders of knighthood, which his Majefty bore, the garter, thiftle, holy-ghoft, and golden fleece, Within the palace is a handfome fquare: one fide is more modern than the others, having been built by James VI. and kept in good repair, till 1746, when it was accidentally burnt by the King's forces. The pediments over the windows are neatly carved, and dated 1619. The other fides are more ancient : in one is a room ninety-five feet long, thirty feet fix inches wide, and thirty three high. At one end is a gallery, with three arches, perhaps for mufic. Narrow galleries run quite round the old part, to preserve communications with the rooms; in one of which the unfortunate Mary Stuart firft faw light. Her father, James V. then dying, foretold the miferies that impended over her and the kingdom. It came,' faid he, with a lass, and will be loft with one.* The chapel was built by James V. and takes up one fide of the fquare. The kitchen for the Ufe of the Kings and Queens is below ground. The church would be a handfome building, if not difgraced with a moft ruinous floor. I was fhown the place remarkable for the perfonated apparition that appeared to James IV. while he was meditating the fatal expedition into England; and which, as honeft Lindfay relates, as foon as it had delivered its meffage, vanifhed like a blink of the fun, or a whip of a whirlwind.' In one of the streets is fhown the gallery from whence Hamilton of Bothwel haugh, in 1570, fhot the Regent Murray. Pennants Anecdote from the Memoirs of Count de B‡. IN the Count de B. generously ferved his country, with all his fortune, with courage, and ability. He was Calendar of Charters, by Sir Jofeph Ayloffe, 162. † Lefly, Hift. Scot. 353+ 002 Effais par Bonneville: the the only general who was feared and yet refpected. The very enemies, who fled before him, were forced to acknowledge his talents for war and the greatnefs of his foul. They ever loved him; for the fame man whofe look infpired terror in the heat of the action, was full of compaffion and fenfibility when he had gained the victory. Women and children, the aged and the industrious, had nothing to fear from the rage or rapine of his foldiers. He confidered no man as an enemy who did not appear in arms. And his good conduct after a victory, was generally more ufeful and honourable to his country than the victory itfelf. The Count was now advanced in years, honoured, and rich; with fufficient eafe to enjoy the comforts of his fituation. He had received the Ataff of Field Marshal, and a penfion, on which he paffed the beft part of his time in the country. A few months in the year he appeared at court, where he was ftill confulted by his prince; refpected by the courtiers and the best characters in the nation; and where the foldier called him father. At the fame time he preferred the little endearments of domeftic life to the fplendour of a court His family confifted of two daughters and a fon. The education of the former had been his ftudy and delight, and they were both married with men of good fenfe and reputation. The fon, who was Colonel of a regiment, received a large fortune by his wife, and an eftate in the neighbourhood of his fathers. followed his footsteps with the greateft attention, and his zeal was not without fuccefs. He with an elegant hall. The large walls of this apartment required pictures; and the Colonel conceived the happy idea of enriching them with the heroic actions of his father, Scenes of this kind, faid he to himfelf, are preferable to the cold relations of history which affect not the foul, and they will do more honour to my father than the family-tree of his ancestors. The beft artists were engaged; and as they were certain of a reward, and of employing their talents on objects worthy of their labour, they took pleasure in their work, and called forth all their powers. In one place he was feen throwing his colours into the middle of the enemy's cavalry; and by this bold action giving new courage to his foldiers, who were exhaufted with labour, and yielding on all fides to a fuperior force. In another place, he was feen ftorm ing a city, the first man who entered the breach; and while he feemed to forget that he was general, giving a good example to his followers. Again he appears rushing on the enemy, who had surprised his Prince while he was hunting, and delivering him from their hands. At a greater diftance he was shown receiving a carte blanche from his fovereign and a Marshal's Staff. On another field of battle they reprefented him falling wounded from his horse, and pointing out the weakeft place of the enemy as he fell. At length he was reprefented figning that defirable peace which gave happiness and plenty to his country, long harraffed with war. In a word, although his fon had taken care to avoid exceffive flattery, yet the walls of this apartment were altogether covered with the glorious actions of this venerable old man. All was conducted with the great |