Conversations on Chemistry: In which the Elements of that Science are Familiarly Explained and Illustrated by Experiments, and Sixteen Copperplate Engravings |
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absorb acid gas affinity alcohol alkali ammonia animal appears atmospherical air attraction blood boiling burn called caloric carbonat carbonic acid carbonic acid gas Caroline charcoal chemical chemistry chemists chyle cold colour combination combustion composed compound salts consists contain converted copper cork decomposed decomposition degree disengaged dissolved earth effect electricity Emily ether evaporation experiment fecula fermentation fire flame fluid freezing gaseous gases glass hydrogen hydrogen gas ingredients iron kind lamp latent heat light lime liquid lungs matter means melted metals mineral mixed mucilage muriatic acid nature nitric acid nitrogen obtained oxy-muriatic oxyd oxygen gas particles peculiar phosphorus plants PLATE potash Pray principle produced properties proportion purpose quantity of caloric radiation respiration separate simple bodies Sir H soda solid solution stance substance sugar sulphat sulphuric acid suppose surface tained takes place tannin temperature thermometer tion tube vapour vegetable vessel volatile Voltaic battery whilst wire
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Page ii - IDE, of the said District, hath deposited in this office, the title of a book, the right whereof he claims as proprietor, in the words following, to wit : " Inductive Grammar, designed for beginners. By an Instructer." In conformity to the act of the Congress of the United States...
Page ii - ... the encouragement of learning, by securing the copies of maps, charts, and books, to the authors and proprietors of such copies during the times therein mentioned,' and extending the benefits thereof to the arts of designing, engraving, and etching historical and other prints.
Page 16 - ... bodies whatever, forces itself between their particles, and not only separates them, but frequently drives them asunder to a considerable distance from each other. It is thus that caloric dilates or expands a body so as to make it occupy a greater space than it did before. Emily. The effect it has on bodies, therefore, is directly contrary to that of the attraction of cohesion ; the one draws the particles together, the other drives them asunder. Mrs. B. Precisely. There is a continual struggle...
Page 17 - The caloric forces itself in greater abundance hetween the particles of the fluid, and drives them to such a distance from each other, that their attraction of aggregation is wholly destroyed : the liquid is then transformed into vapour. Mrs. B. Very well ; and this is precisely the case with boiling water, when it is converted into steam or vapour, and with all bodies that assume an aeriform state. Emily. I do not well understand the word aeriform ? Mrs. B. Any elastic fluid whatever ; whether it...
Page iv - ... can have no real claims to the title of chemist. On attending for the first time experimental lectures, the author found it almost impossible to derive any clear or satisfactory information from the rapid demonstrations which are usually, and perhaps necessarily, crowded into popular courses of this kind. But frequent opportunities having afterwards occurred of conversing with a friend on the subject of chemistry, and of repeating a variety of experiments, she became better acquainted with the...
Page 343 - A chemical term formerly applfed to describe chalk, marble, and all other combinations of lime with carbonic acid. Calcination. The application of heat to saline, metallic, or other substances ; so regulated as to deprive them of moisture, &c. and yet preserve them in a pulverulent form. Caloric. The chemical term for the matter of heat. - — : free. Is caloric in a separate state, or, if attached to other substances, not chemically united with them. — latent. Is the term made use of to express...
Page 365 - Let the stopper be now taken out, and the fluid will become blue, beginning at the surface, and spreading gradually through the whole. If this blue solution has not been too long exposed to the air, and fresh copper filings be put in, again stopping the bottle, the fluid will once wve be deprived of its color, which it will recover only by the reai .mission of air.
Page 365 - Procure a phial with a glass stopper accurately ground into it ; introduce a few copper filings, then entirely fill it with liquid ammonia, and stop the phial so as to exclude all atmospheric air. If left in this state, no solution of the copper will be effected. But if the bottle be afterwards left open for some time, and then stopped, the metal will dissolve, and the solution will be colorless.
Page 30 - According to these experiments, light-coloured dresses, in cold weather, should keep us warmer than black clothes, since the latter radiate so much more than the former. Mrs. B. And that is actually the case. Emily. This property, of different surfaces to radiate in different degrees, appears to me to be at variance with the equilibrium of caloric ; since it would imply that those bodies which radiate most, must ultimately become coldest. Suppose that we were to vary this experiment, by using two...
Page 15 - MRS. B. And likewise of things that do not burn, as, for instance, the warmth of the body; in a word, all heat that is sensible, whatever may be its degree, or the source from which it is derived. CAROLINE What then are the other modifications of caloric? It must be a strange kind of heat that cannot be perceived by our senses?