lusion to the oppression of our Lord, and the cry of the rabble against him. Certainly pys signifies any loud cry or vociferation, not the cry of distress only. Verse 8." that lay field to field."

to answer תקריבו Bishop Lowth would read יקריבו

to the verb following; and he thinks he has with him the authority of the Vulgate. But it is by no means certain from the Latin of the Vulgate, that the Hebrew copies, from which that version was made, had pn. It might seem a safer conclusion from the Greek of the LXX, that their copies had the participle to answer to the preceding participle, to which, not to the following verb, the word in this place might be expected to answer. Οὐαι οἱ συνάπτοντες οἰκίαν πρὸς οἰκιαν, καὶ ἄγρον προς άγρον ECOUTES. LXX. And the version of the Vulgate might be formed upon the same reading. "Væ qui conjungitis domum ad domum, et agrum agro copulatis."" qui conjungitiset [qui] copulatis." Here the participle is resolved by the interpreter into the pronoun and verb, qui conjungitis;' whence it might seem probable that the verb copulatis,' with the pronoun understood, tackt to the former verb and pronoun by the conjunction copulative, which is not in the Hebrew, is a similar

1

resolution of the participle p. In short, their version is just what it ought to have been had been the reading of their Hebrew text.

But after all, there is no necessity for any alteration in the text as it stands in our modern copies. The form of the expression is the very same which occurs again in verse 11;

הוי משכימי בבקר שכר ירדפו

"Woe unto them that rise up early in the morning --they follow strong drink❞— where the LXX, as in the former woe, render both the participle in the first clause, and the verb in the second, by a participle. Οὐαι οἱ ἐγειρομενοι το πρωί, και το σίκερα διωκοντες, which entirely destroys the certainty of the conclusion that their copies, in the 8th verse, had "p, instead of "p". The Vulgate, in the 11th verse, render the verb 77, and the participle the next line, the one by a participle in dus, with a preposition, the other by a gerund, "Væ qui consurgitis mane ad ebrietatem sectandam, et potandum usque ad vesperam." In short, these two passages, the 8th and 11th verses, are instances in which the turn of the expression in the original is neglected both by the Greek and the Latin interpreter, and shew what caution should be used in altering the

in

text upon the authority of versions, which may easi ly be imagined where it is not. The use of the se cond person in the Vulgate seems to have betrayed Bishop Lowth into this unnecessary alteration.

-"that they may be placed alone in the midst of the earth." The LXX, Aquila, Symmachus, St Jerome, and the Vulgate, all take this clause as a question: "Would "Would you dwell yourselves alone in the land, or in the earth?" i. e. you who are taking to yourselves all the room, would you wish to be the sole inhabitants of the earth, or of the land?....... This whole verse should be thus rendered,

"Woe unto them that join house to house;

They lay field to field till no room is left.

Would

ye dwell yourselves alone in the midst of the earth? Verse 13." their honourable men-their multi tude" "their nobles-their plebeians"- Bishop Lowth.

Verse 14. "their glory, and their multitude""her nobility and her populace"→→ Bishop Lowth. -" and their pomp"-" and her busy throng," Bishop Lowth; " and her riotous throng."

Verse 17." Then shall the lambs feed after thei manner, and the waste places of the fat ones shal strangers [rather, strange ones] eat."

"y,

"Mysticum esse, quod hic dicitur omnes fere viderunt interpretes......Recurre itaque ad principia nostræ fidei, eventu comprobata. Sint agni in hoc loco tenelli discipuli Christi Jesu, Antiochiæ Christiani dicti, electi ex Judæis, mansueti, innocui, moribus puri, persecutioni et oppressioni potentium Judææ rectorum obnoxii; magnam partem, pauperes; non multi sapientes, potentes, divites se cundum carnem, qui per spiritum moniti et erepti his calamitatibus, hoc ipso tempore, quo pingues et superbi experirentur severitatem judiciorum divinorum, suos de more celebrarent cætus, et regnum Jesu Christi promoverent, et deplorarent Judæorum obstinatam duritiem. Illi à prophetâ dicuntur agni et oves; et præcipue à Christo Jesu, certissimo hujus nostri oraculi interprete, in oratione apud Joannem, cap. x, quâ existimem ad hanc pericopam alludi. Id enim maxime suadet sequens hemistichium, quo 'advenæ desolata pinguium comesturi' dicuntur. Sunt enim advenæ' oves advenæ sive peregrinæ.

qua- גרים ,forma participii גרים In Hebreo est

oves advenæ comesturæ dicuntur

desolata

pinguium, hoc est, ovium pinguium. Sensus est gentes adducendas et adductas ad communionem ecclesiæ gavisurus esse beneficiis, prærogativis, bo

vel certè apertius Babylonios Assyriosque describe

ret. Nunc vero dicendo, Levabit signum in nationibus procul et sibilabit ad eum de finibus terræ gentes longè positas significat, et quæ in terræ finibus commorantur; haud dubium quin Romanos, et omnes Italiæ Galliarumque et Hispaniæ populos, qui sub Vespasiano et Hadriano Romano imperio subjacebant.

"to the nations from far, and will hiss unto them their loins-their shoes-whose arrows their bows their horses-their wheels-their roaring— against them." In every one of these expressions the pronoun, in the original, and in the Latin of St Jerome, and of the Vulgate, is the singular masculine of the third person; also the verbs " shall come -shall slumber-sleep-shall roar-shall roar and lay hold shall carry away," are all singular in the original, and in the versions of St Jerome and the Vulgate. Whence it should seem that either the plural noun is used here for some one particular nation, and should be rendered " a nation." "And he will set up a standard for a distant nation, and hiss unto it." Or, if has a plural sense rendering many nations, the singular pronoun respects some one person not named, who is also the subject