14228

his area ees and nd the south each

and mounting problems dictated by vehicle "

g

p lication. This standard applia design.

to wdans, carryals, and station wagons. "S3.2.4 wide angle mirror. When spoci

"S3. Requirements. Injury potential shall Dod, an auxiliary wide angle (convex) mirror bo minimized by locating. constructing. or may be incorporated in the same mount as mounting ash trays and lighters in such & the standard mirror to provide an additional manner as to minimize the likelihood of clase-in geld of vision required under certain injury to an occupant's head, torso, or leg operating conditions. Tbo auxiliary mirror

upon impact. Tho impact area for both front xhall be incorporated in such manner as and rear seats shall be established through not to interfere with the visual Beld of the

the use of type 1 seat belt Assembly restandard mirror.

strained manikins or other test devices hav"83.8 Mirror construction. The redectivo ing the equivalent to 'H' point to top-ofmedium shall be of material which will

bead dimensions of 33 inches and 29 inches. resist abrasion and erosion incident to ac

Tbo impact area shall be that included becepted cleaning practices. The surfaces of tween the Arcs formed by the top-ot-head the material shall be so finished as to pro

point and torso when each devico 18 swung vide and maintain a distortion free redected forward and also 90 degrees to each side of image. Front or second surface reflectance

tho longitudinal axis through each normal may be used. The redectance value of the seating position and the forward movement refectivo Alm employed shall be not less

of the knees and legs of outside occupants. than 60 percent. Inside mirrors may be of

This area to be determined with front seat the selective position prismatic type, in which

in all normal positions. case the redectance value in the night drive

"S3.1 Ash trays and lighters located away ing, bigh-glare position shall be not less

from or shielded from the impact area or tban 4 percent.

recessed within the panel or armrest in such

& manner to minimize the likelihood of con"[Federal Standard No. 616/18)

tact of the head, torso or leg of lap belted "WINDOW AND DOOR CONTROLS VOR AUTOMOTTYZ occupants shall be considered to provide . VEHICLES

reasonable degree of protection. "Si. Purpose and scope. This standard

"S3.2 Ash trays not meeting 99.1 shall have establishes the requirements for the location

& contact area of not less than 2.0 square and construction of the controls for windows

Inches with a minimum edge radius of 0.126 and doors.

inch. Lighters not meeting S3.1 shall have "S2. Application. This standard applies to

& contact area of not less than 1.0 square sedans, carryalls, station wagons, and light

inch with a minimum edge radius of 0.126 trucks up to 10,000 pounds G.V.W.

inch and maximum extension from the panel "S3. Requirements. Injury potential shall

of not more than 1 inch. be minimized by constructing. locating or

"S3.3 Ashtrays and lightens not meeting mounting of the controls in such a manner

S3.1 or $3.2 may be constructed of material as to reduce the likelihood of injury to the

which will elther defect Ausb within not bead, torso and legs of lap belted occupants

more than 0.375 inch of the panel or be of rear and front seats. The occupant pro

pushed dush with the surface or detach from toction area shall be established through the

its mounting by the application of a force use of type 1 seat belt assembly restrained

not to exceed 60 pounds. manikins or other test devices based upon

"(Federal Standard No. 515/20] the equivalent to 'B' point to top-of-head

"ARMRESTS FOR AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLES dimensions of 33 inches and 29 inches. The

"91. Purpose and scope. This standard es. occupant protection area shall be that in

tablishes requirements for armrests when cluded between tbe arce formed by the top

Installed in automotive vehicles to afford a of-head point and torso when each device

reasonable degree of protection for front and 18 swung forward and also 90 degrees to each

rear seated occupants wearing type 1 seat side of the longitudinal arts through each

balt assemblia. normal seating position and the forward

"S2. Application. The standard applies to movement of the knees and legs of outsido

sedans, carryalls, station wagons, and light occupants,

trucks up to 10,000 pounds G.V.W. "83.1 The controls shall be located within "S3. Requirements. Injury potential shall reach of the seat belted occupant nearest bo minimized by constructing and mounting the door. Controls located away from or the arm rests in such a manner as to minishielded from the impact area or receased miza or spread the area of contact of the within the panel or armrest in such a man body with any rigid elements of the arm per to reasonably minimize the likelihood of

rests. Occupant protection area for both contact by lap belted occupants shall be con lateral and longitudinal Impact shall be sidered to provide an acceptable degree of determined by the use of a type 1 lap belt protection.

restrained three dimensional 95tb percentilo "S3.2 Door handle controls not meeting male manikin or other equivalent test device 83.1 shall be constructed so that they have for both rear and front seats with the front & contact area of not less than 3 square seat in all normal positions. inches substantially vertical, with minimum "S3.1 The inside exposed surface of the radil of 0.125 inch Window control knobs arm rests shall be substantially vertical. In not meeting 83.1 shall have a minimum con Any normal position of the seat, the substantact area of not less than 1 square inch, tially vertical surface of the arm rest shall with minimum edges radll of 0.125 inch. All provide an area of broad contact with the controls shall have a maximum extension pelvic region of not less than 2.0 inches vertifrom the panel of 1 inch.

cally. Tho top and sides of the arm rests "S3.3 Controls not meeting 69.1 or 83.2 shall be covered with energy absorbing mate. shall be constructed of material which will rial, if not constructed of such materials. denect within 0.375 inch of the panel or de The arm rests shall not have any sharp, partach by a force of 90 pounds leaving no rest row, or protruding rigid edges in the contact dual protrusions beyond the panel surface area exposed or under the energy absorbing on which mounted.

material. The top and sides of the mounting

bracket shall not have any rigid edges of lego "(Federal Btandard No. 618/19)

than 0.760 inch radius. "ASH TZATS AND LIGHTERS TOR AUTOMOTIVE

"832 Arm resta not meeting S3.1 sball be VEHICLES

constructed of dexible material which will "81. Purpose and scope. This standard es defect toward the panel and provide a tablishes the location and construction of resultant contact area of the pelvic region of ash trays and ughters when installed in no less than that specided in the preceding. automotive vehicles to allord a reasonable "933 Accessories or equipment attached degree of protection for front and rear seated to the arm resta sball meet the safety rooccupants wearing type 1 seat belt som quirements applicable to such equipment or

blles.

accessories and shall not nullify the injury above the 'H' point of the three dimensional reducing intent of any of the preceding. manikin (SAE J826). "(Federal Standard No. 618/21)

"93.3.2 The headrest, including any sup

porting structure that can be contacted by "PADDING TOR AUTOMOTIVE SLAT BACKS

the head of an occupant of the vehicle, shall "S1. Purpose and scope. This standard be constructed of or covered with a material establishes requirements for seat back frame of impact-absorbing qualities on all outer to be so constructed as to absorb and dissi- surfaces. pato energy imparted to top and back by the "S3.3.3 Structural deflection of the head. upper torso, limbs, and head of forward fac- rest resulting from contact in rear-end coling passengers restrained by type 1 seat belts llsions is allowable, except that rebound acseated in rear thereof in the event of colli- tion shall be minimized. The headrest and Sion.

its supporting structure shall have suf"S2. Application. This standard applies Scient strength to withstand & force DO to sedans, school buses, carryalls, station less than 200 pounds in elther fore or art wagons, and to light trucks up to 10.000 direction without structural fallure, although pounds gross vehicle weight with provisions a limited amount of permanent distortion is for forward facing passenger seating within permissible. the cab in rear of the front seat. The guard

"(Federal Standard No. 515/23) rall behind the driver's seat in school buses shall be considered as a seat back frame for

"SIDE MARKT DEVICES POR AUTOMOTIVE tho purpose of this standard.

VEHICLES "S3. Requirements.

"Si. Purpose and scope. This standard es"S3.1 The top and back of the front seats

tablishes requirements for side marker sysin sedans, the top of the back of forward fac

tems to assure notice and recognition of

vehicles from lateral positions during dark. ing seats, except the rear-most seat, in carryalls and station wagons, the top and backs of

ness and inclement weather. all forward facing seats in school buses, ex

"S2. Application. This standard applies cept the driver's seat and the rear-most seats,

to sedans, carryalls, and station wagons. and the guardrall behind the driver's seat in

"S3. Requirements. The side marker sys. school buses, shall be so constructed and

tems shall consist of either en independent padded with slow return impact absorbing

electrical system or an electrical system, in material as to limit the force buildup on that

combination with or utilzing head and/or portion of the human body coming in con

tall lamps, or a reflective system, or & combitact therewith, to a maximum of 80 gs in 60

nation of both electrical and redective sysmilliseconds at an impact velocity rate of a

tems. The side marker device bousing or Teet per second, excluding the arst 3 milli

mounting plates shall be antitrust material, seconds of the time curvo.

or sumciently plated or Anish coated to bo "932 The specifc areas to be padded sball

noncorrosive. As applicable, these require

ments shall conform to the Uniform Vehicle be determined by the use of type 1 seat belt

Code. Chapter 12. The lateral included assembly restrained manikids or othar test

angles of visibility of the side markers shall devices having '' point to top-of-head di

be from the lateral angle toward the front of mensions of 33 inches and 29 inches. These

tho vehicle when head lamps are no longer manikins shall be swung through a vertical

visible, to the lateral angle toward the rear of arc simulating the lap-belted occupant in

the vehicle when tall lamps become visible. each seating position, with the front seat in the rear-most position. They shall also be

"S3.1 Electrical side marker devices. The swung through a 45 degrco angle to oach

electrical side marker system shall be securely side of the longitudinal axis of tho vehicle.

mounted. The system lamps shall be a miniThe arc plane so described sball establish the

mum of ono at or near the tront and one at seat top and back areas under consideration

or nonr the roar edges on each side of the in this standard. The headrest shall be con

vobicle. The mounting belght shall be not

less than 16 inches measured from the center sidered il applicable. Seat spacing in school busos shall be established at 28 inchas for

of such lamp to the level ground upon which

the vehiclo stands without a load. The electest purpose.

trio ade marker lamp colors shall be whito "[Federal Standard No. 615/22) to amber for the front and red for the rear "HEADRESTS VOR AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE and they shall be steady burning simultane"9.1. Purpose and scope. This standard

ously with the head and tall lamps and parkestablishes the requirements for front seat

ing lamps.
as depo.

The electric lamps shall be

1 headrests in passenger carrying vehicles to

capable of being distinguished under normal a.dord & reasonable degree of protection from

atmospborto conditions and at the time lights neck iniuries (whiplash) in the event of are requirod to provide recognition at all rear-end collision.

distances between 500 and 50 feet from tho "S2. Application. This standard applies to

lateral sides of the vehicle. Minimum photosedans and station wagons. (Outside seat

metric candlepowe shall be in accordance

with tablo 1, SAE Standard J592. ing positions of front seats.) "93. Standard characteristics. The Society

"83.2 Refective side market devices. Tho of Automobile Engineers Inc., Manikins For

redective sido marter devices shall be seUso in Dening Vehicle Seating Accommoda

curely mounted two on each side, one at or dations, SAE 5828, forms a basis in part for

Doar the front and one at or near the roar

edgo of the lenders or body of the vehicle, as this Federal Standard.

applicable. The reflective devices shall be "93.1 Defnition.

mounted at a minimum height of 16 inches "93.1.1 Headrest. A well padded aroa

measured from the center of the device to the provided for head support

level ground upon which tho vehicle stands "89.2 General. The beadrest may be de without load. Reflective devices shall be of signed as an ertension of the sont back or such size and have such characteristics as to an attachment to the seat back. The head

be readily visible at night time from all disrest may or may not provide for transversely tances and at the lateral angla spocided adjustable mounting. Ia transversely ad within 600 feet to 100 feet from the vebicle justablo mounting is not provided, the width when Iluminated by the boam of bead specifcations in 53.3.1 shall apply.

lamps of the observer's vobicle. Minimum "S3.3 Bequirements.

candlepower reflectance measurement shall "93.3.1 The minimum width of the head. bo in accordance with class A, SAS Standard rest shall be 10 inches and the average width J5010. shall be at least 12 inches, both based on "83.2.1 Reflective device colors. The color the forward facing surface that can be con- of the redoctive devices shall be white to tacted by the head of the occupant. The top amber for the front and rod for the rear of of tho headrest shall be at least 28 inches the vobicie.

Patrick and reflective side marker "83. Standard characteristics. The SAE down. The electrical and redective type Recommended Practice for Barrier Collision dde marter device, when combined, thall Tests, SAE J850 forms the basis for section conform to the preceding paragraphs.

83.1 of this standard as modided in 83.1.1. "(Federal Standard No. 518/24)

"83.1 Puel tanks and tank aller pipes shall

be constructed so that they will not rupture, "REAR WINDOW DEPOGGER TOR AUTOMOTIVE

bo totally displaced from Installed positions, VAHOICLES

or discharge fuel from the aller pipe, under "81. Purpose and scope. This standard or

any condition of tank capacity loading, when tablishes requirements for rear window de

subjected to longitudinal and/or lateral acsogging, designed to achieve the most prac

celeration/deceleration forces developed at tical vision through tho rear window.

their installed position, during the SAE "S2. Application. This standard applies to J850 barrier collision test at 30 miles per hour. nedans.

"83.1.1 Other resting methods, such as "S3. Requirements. The rear window de

high capacity acceleration facilities, giving fogger system shall be permanently installed,

equivalent results, may be utilized in lieu of to provide for the removal of log from inside

the SAL J860 barrier collision test." tho rear window caused by atmospheric conditions and passenger loading conditions, in (PR. Doc. 68-2473; Filod. Mar. 7. 1966: the vehicle. The system sball be of a capacity

9:36 a.m.) to clear a minimum area of 75 percent of the

Mr. MAGNUSON. I am sure that operators viewed area of the rear window as

everyone here, if they do not already reflected in the roar view mirror. "S3.1 Testing. The defogger system shall

know, would be very interested to know remove fogging under any atmospheric con. what can be done to make a motor vedition and with full passenger loading within hicle more safe. I presume that the Seca 10-minute period.

retary will rely upon the experience of "(Federal Standard No. 515/25)

the Government in setting the interim "ROLL BARS FOR AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLES

standards. "S1. Purpose and scope. This standard On the permanent standards, which establishes requirements and test procedures will apply to every automobile. we have for roll bars installed on specific automotive provided, I believe, a very sensible, fair, vehicles to afford a reasonable degree of occu- and adequate procedure among the manpant protection in a rollover.

ufacturers, the Governors of the States, "S2. Application. This standard applies to

f the highway patrol, people involved in Ught trucks up to 10.000 pounds G.V.W. of the utility type with open bodies, and those

safety, and even appropriate legislative with enclosures made of canvas, metal. Aber committees in the States that have dimglass, or plastic,

culty in connection with safety stand"S3. Requirements. The roll bar shall be ards in their States. There is ample designed for each manufacturer's product to provision for conferences, Cooperation, establish the width, height, clearances, and testing, and meetings with the Secretary proper strengths of the structural members

before he arrives at a decision on a perrequired. The roll bar shall be constructed

manent standard over and above these to guard the operator and passenger compartment, or compartments, within a rigidly 26 items that would be mandatory once attached structural bar unit assembly. The the Secretary issues the standard. It strength and size shall be as required for each would ordinarily take effect within 6 vehicle type and weight with the specified months to a year after the effective date number of occupants for which the vehicle of the decision. is designed to be used and fo: their maximum

I believe that all witnesses were unanprotection without critical deformation or critical encroachment on the operator or pas

imous in their agreement that the senger compartments. To the extent prac. standard-setting procedures were adetical, the roll bar structure shall be located toquate and fair to everyone concerned. preclude contact by the heads of belted occu- The committee had to discuss at some pants. If this is not possible, the roll bars length the problem of access to informashall be covered with energy absorbing cush- tion by the nublic manufacturers sub. ioning material. The roll bar structure de

contractors, and others, to inform them signs shall not impair the vehicle operator's vision or body movements while operating

as to what is discovered as we proceed. the vehicle. Unless otherwise specified, ve

A certification procedure is established hicle manufacturers may eliminate a fold so that the distributor, dealer, and condown windshield on the utility truck and in sumer would know without any doubt corporate a new designed Axed windshield that the particular vehicle complied with strengthened to become part of a roll bar the standards. structure. "S3.1 Testing The testing requirements

Then, there was the question of notififor the area of critical encroachment shall be cation of defects, which is discussed at measured from the 'H' point of a manikin some length in the committee report. with 'H' point to top-of-bead dimension of We also establish research, development,

testing, and evaluation facilities to augseat belt restrained, for each passenger and

ment the many facilities of the manuoperator position in the vehicle and with the

facturers and even the states themvehicle tested to the SAE Recommended Practice of SAE J857. For the hill rollover

selves. test, specific speed of 50 miles per hour shall

We looked into the matter of penalties. be used.

A revised bil, as the Senator from Wash"Federal Standard No. 615/26)

ington (Mr. MAGNUSON ] and others "YUEL TANKS AND TANK TILLER PIPES FOR

wrote it. contained the civil penalty AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLES

which we think is quite strong. It also "Si. Purpose and scope. This standard es

contained a criminal penalty. But the tablishes requirements for the integrity and

criminal penalty was directed only to security of fuel tanks and tank filler pipes those who would willfully and knowingly for automotive vehicles.

violate the standards set or the rules and "S2. Application. This standard applies to

regulations of the Secretary. sedans, buses, station wagons, carryalls, and

Right now, I cannot conceive, and belight trucks up to 10.000 pounds G.V.W. Excluded are utility vehicles of the three

lieve it would be & rare instance, that boel type.

someone would willfully and knowingly,

14230 They are the most courteous and helpful. In addition, the Senator and the comThey have vehicles which in themselves mittee are taking world leadership in are great, big, juggernauts which are this field. The legislation will cover forcapable of creating great destruction eign cars as well as domestic cars by and hazards; but, technologically, they making it absolutely essential that before are as safe as they can be made by the any foreign cars can be imported into ICC under its standards.

the United States they must comply with Let me read from the report:

these standards. The act thus covers not only passenger carn

The automobile manufacturers in the but buses, trucks, and motorcycles.

United States generally manufacture auThe bill excludes, however, thoso buses tomobiles which are safer than foreignand trucks which are subject to safety regu- made cars. There are a few exceptions, lation by the Interstate Commerce Commis- but I do not think t

but I do not think the people in the rest slon (sec. 101(c)), although it is anticipated

of the world are going to sit by and see that should the proposed new Department be

their own manufacturers build cars of created

higher safety standards for the U.S. marAnd the proposal provides that

ket than apply to their own cars. safety regulation of all trucks and buses What the chairman of the committee will be transferred to the Secretary of has done is bring about a public realizaTransportation,

tion of the importance of highway safety. Such regulations would be covered by

While the emphasis in the past 6 that Department.

months has been on the automobile, I When we come to agriculture-exempt

think we would be making a great mistrucks, and private carriers, over which

take if we forgot the so-called highway the ICC still has jurisdiction as to mini

safety triangle, which includes the driver mum standards, there has been some

and the road, in addition to the car. question about the Department's having

What has been proposed in title I is revoenough inspectors to do the job which

lutionary. But the white heat of pubwe should like it to do. I doubt if it

licity has placed the emphasis on the could be done wholly. But the example

automobile. I think there should be as will be set by this bill so that manufac

great an emphasis placed on the other turers of trucks will themselves estab

facets of this critical problem, because lish minimum standards. They are al

we shall never take care of this serious ready doing it. Many trucks are custom

ustom problem unless we attack every phase of built. They are built for a purpose.

it. There would be variations in construc

I think the bill which the Senator has tion.

reported is a great bill. I have said pubThe rest of the bill pretty much deals

licly, and I say it row on the floor, the with the effect of the promulgation by

Senator and his committee have done a the Secretary of standards.

masterful job. I hope there will be some discussion on

There is no doubt in my mind that this the floor as to the application of the

bill will save many lives, prevent untold antitrust laws to the manufacturers

suffering, and reduce the enormous eco

nomic loss incurred through traffic accithemselves in getting together within proper limits to exchange views and

dents. It will benefit both the motorist ideas on safety standards, so we can get

and the pedestrian-the driver who

earns his living at the wheel and the the best available technological advice

average citizen. and expertise. That question will be discussed on the floor.

It will add significantly to our under

standing of the dynamics of highway All in all, I think the bill is not only long overdue, but that it is a stringent

safety, the causes of traffic accidents, and bill. I think conditions call for a strin

ways to reduce the terrible consequences gent measure.

of those accidents. Many newspaper men have asked me

It will, in a relatively short span of in the past week: "Is it true that this

time, give the motoring public safer mobill is a tougher bill than the administra

tor vehicles_cars that are more roadtion bill?" I said I did not like to inter

worthy and more crashworthy. pret the word “tough." The reason the

It will protect the motoring public word got into newspaper stories is that

from the hazards of defective motor vethe original bill proposed to make these

hicles by prescribing procedures for the regulations discretionary. We have

prompt notification of the public when made it mandatory in the bill and subject

any safety-related defects are discovered. to a time limit. So I suppose it can be

It will, for the first time, give statusaid that it is a tougher bill.

tory recognition to the fact that the Mr. RIBICOFF. Mr. President, will

motor vehicle constitutes an important the Senator yield?

social problem in the United States & Mr. MAGNUSON. I yield.

social problem that warrants Federal Mr. RIBICOFF. I say it is a tougher

action. bill and it is a better bill than the ad

The legislation now before us will proministration bill. I cannot be too lavish vide the authority to establish & comin my praise of the distinguished Sena. prehensive. meaningful, and effective tor from Washington and the Commerce Federal role in trafic safety. The Senate Committee.

Commerce Committee has done a superb It seems to me that the services per- job in drafting a bill that is stronger than formed by the Senator from Washington the legislation originally recommended and the committee deserve great credit. by the administration and which conI am personally very pleased with the tains none of the weakening amendments bill. The Senator from Washington and proposed in recent weeks. the committee deserve the gratitude of This is a tough bill, but it is also balthe whole Nation.

anced and reasonable. It directs the