1829.] REPORT OF INFANT SCHOOLS. ble accommodations were found in College Avenue in Tenth street, between Chesnut and Markets streets. A large room and play ground attached to it, were rented at $80 per annum-possession to be given on the first of October. Two female teachers were engaged, and thirty-seven children received on the 13th of the same month. This school is in a very flourishing state and stands as a record of the faithfulness of its teachers. The whole number who have been instructed in it within its walls is two hundred and thirty-five. Left from various causes, forty-seven; removed by death three; dismissed as over age fifteen-leaving one hundred and seventy. In February last it was resolved to open a third school In the eastern part of our city, so as to gather in the children who inhabit the garrets and cellars of Water street. A committee was appointed, who succeeded in obtaining rooms at No. 20 Spruce street, at the rent of $100 per annum. These rooms have been fitted up by said committee with donations collected for that purpose without encroaching on the annual contributions by which the society is principally supported. The school was opened on the 28th of April with forty-two children, which number in three weeks has increased to ninety-four. Female teachers are employed. 365 Reverence for the Sabbath is also particularly remarkble. Two A littie boy on coming to the Sabbath school one morning was observed to look very sad. On being asked "what is the matter"? his eyes filled with tears as he exclaimed "My father is breaking the Sabbath-day-he has gone skaiting." Did you tell him of it, said his teacher-"Yes," answered the little reprover—I told him it was God's holy Sabbath, but he said he would do it." This little boy whenever the question how do people openly break the Sabbath-day was asked, would immediately answer "by skaiting"-so strongly did the sinfulness of this act seem to be impressed on his mind. Fondness for School is constantly exhibited. During the late recess in No. 1 while some arrangements were making in the room, two of the little children attended at No. 2 until their own school re-commenced, accommodating themselves with the greatest readiness to the customs of No. 2. A little boy who entered at No. 3 so lately formed, was absent for a few days. One morning his teacher observed him standing about the door of the house; when she asked him why he did not come in, he burst into tears, and said his father would not let him come because they taught him to pray. This love for school becomes painful when the children are to be exThe colored school is also in a flourishing state, en- cluded from these houses of refuge. They appear to couraging the hearts of those who feel an interest in feel that they are about to be separated from their best the welfare of this long-neglected people. The whole friend. The most painful duty which your managers number who have been under the care of your commit- have to perform is the dismisal of children, when they tee is one hundred and sixty-nine. Left from various cau- have arrived at the age at which they can no longer be ses, six; removed by death, three; dismissed as over considered subjects for an Infant School. The followage, three-leaving one hundred and fifty-seven Of this ing facts serve to prove that this is the case. number 115 may be considered regular attendants.-brothers, a few days ago, came to speak to their teacher. Your committee have been obliged to refuse receiving On seeing them in tears and hearing their loud sobs he children, as the room is crowded, and the accommoda- asked them the cause, when one of them said, "why the tions confined. It is important to open another colored ladies were at our house last night, and told mother we school at once-what is 115 coloured children to the must not come any more to school, and mother's very hundreds, nay even thousands that inhabit our lanes and sorry, and so are we, and we have come to bid you good alleys. It is truly painful to see the disappointment bye." We are told some of these children are crying which clouds the brow of a mother anxious to snatch every day to return. A little one meeting her teacher her offspring from the contagion of vice and iniquity in the street, begged him to permit her to return if it and place it under the influence of morality and reli- was only for a day or two. Your managers recommend gion, when she is told that her infant must still be expo-to the parents in all cases the removal of the children sed to the danger from which she would willingly rescue it, because the school is full and there is no provision made for another. It may not be generally known While we throw out these little anecdotes, illustrathis fund is entirely separate, and in no way benefitted tive of the good effects of these schools on the hearts of by any contribution to the Infant School Society. Peo- the children, we must not forbear to add that the head ple of color contribute to its support, and some of the is also attended to. Some who did not know a letter parents manifest an interest in this institution. In seve- when they entered, have in the space of seven months ral instances persons whose circumstances are above learned to read. Á Sabbath school teacher in one of those whose children are the objects of your charity, our churches on questioning her classes a few sabbaths have offered with apparent anxiety any reasonable sum since, found two of her little charge answering with to have their children admitted. The reason given for great correctness every question proposed. Surprised this request was the moral improvement observable at at the change, she enquired the cause, and was informhome of several who were named. One in particulared they had been one week in an infant school. was pointed out, who was actually picked up in the street, in a violent fit of rage, with a large stone raised to throw at his brother. This child was brought in, a a violent, headstrong and ungovernable boy-but the lion seems to be changed into the lamb, and this, without any punishment, simply by mildness and unbending firmnees, connected with instruction received. The children are found reasoning among themselves, by the rule of conduct laid down in our schools, "Thus saith the Lord." In one instance a teacher was obliged to break a promise she had made. One of the children on returning home mentioned it to her mother saying "I wonder whether our teacher remembers that liars will be turned into hell." Feelings of gratitude are discoverable for kindness received. They sometimes bring little presents to their teachers, and in one instance a boy who had experienced particular kindness from them, was observed by his father in deep thought. His parent questioned him."Father," answered he, "I was thinking how kind my teachers were to me, and whether you could not mend their combs." This was followed by a request that the combs should be sent. from Infant to public schools. In some instances this is done-but we regret to say not in all. An utter destitution of selfishness and a nice discrimination is observable. A teacher has occasionally brought in some little reward and requested the children to name several of the most deserving, which has generally resulted in singling out those who in the teachers judgment were most meritorious. Volumes might be written of the good effects of these institutions. Let those who are skeptical go with these children to their homes, and hear their parents pronouncing blessings on Infant Schools. Let them listen to the heartfelt gratitude expressed to their teachers for their care and kindness. 'Tis true, there are some who do not appreciate the privilege, but they are those who are regardless of every mercy received. In February last it was resolved to employ female teachers throughout the schools, the salaries were accordingly fixed at $250 for pripcipal teachers-assistants $100. It will be observed from the Treasurers account, that the annual income from subscriptions and stock is not sufficient to meet even the expenses of necessary teachers. When the rents and other incidental expenses are considered, the necessity for an appeal to public liberality is at once evident. The four schools under the care of this Society cannot be supplied under $2000 per annum and our yearly income is not $1000. Any assistance from government depends upon the pleasure of the controllers of public schools, who have been authorize to establish, or to take Infant schools under their care. Application was made to that body in December last; no aid has yet been received; we are informed the subject is under consideration-but our treasury is exhausted, and our schools must derive aid from some quarter. Tis true, our dependance is on that Being who never forsakes the work of his hands, but it is his pleasure to use the instrumentality of feeble men. We therefore call upon those who desire to see a moral and virtuous generation rising round them, who love the future welfare of their country to come forth, and aid this cause-emphatically the cause of morality, of virtue, of religion. Infant School Society in account with S.H. Yarnall, Tr'r. School for coloured children in account with S. H. Yar DR. 1829. To cash paid Teacher's salaries, Rent, Sundry expenses at School No.1, 190 01 To amount expended as per vouchers, Carpenter's work and painting, Balance, do do do do at No 2, 163 09 do 119 86 Paving yard at School No. 1, 70 74 do do do No. 2, $501 96 156 52 $658 46 34 36 do do CR. $431 33 of the } 227 15 METEOROLOGICAL REGISTER. Taken at the Slate Capitol at Harrisburg-BY WILLIAM MUSGRAVE, Librarian. The morning of the 13th, the lowest state of the Thermometer, at 40°: the highest was on the noon or between 1 and 3 o'clock, P. M. of the 28th, therm. at 83°; range in the month 43°. The difference between the mornings and noons, in some instances, varied from 80 to 22° and upwards, for instance 60° in the morning, 689 at noon, difference 8°-48° in the morning, 70° at noon, difference 22°. The highest state of the Barometer in the month, was on the 15th, 29.90; the lowest on the 10th, 29.17-range in the month, 29.73. There was frost, with ice, in some places, on the 13th. On the 19th and 29th, there were thunder gusts, with stormy wind, and heavy rain. The wind has been 18 days of this month, West of the Meridian; 11 days East of of it; 1 day North, and 1 day South. This month has been 9° mean temperature, warmer than last April, and 1 degree warmer than May. 1828. There have been but 8 days in this month, that a Thermometer, at noon, in the shade, arose above summer heat, and that only in one instance, the highest 7°, on the 28th. Weather. 1 day N1,5,6,7,8,12,13,17,21,22,23,24|12 days clear. E 10,14,18,20,25,26,27,28,30, 19p clear p cly. S W/11,15,16, W 4,9, N W 2p cly. p rain. 2thund & rain 13 steady rain. 2 showery. Mean temperature for three 6, 8, 9,11,14,18,24,25, 11 daily observations. [27,28,31 2 15 the time of heavy showers, or, continued rain in the spring, evaporation is urged on very rapidly by the agency of the electric fluid, at that time near the surface of the earth, which causes the fissures to make way for the ascending vapours; if I recollect right, Dr. Franklin has somewhere mentioned something like this. At no time, is the electric fluid more active than in the time of heavy showers or rain. This may be proved by rain guages of equal dimensions, at different heights; that nearest the ground always has most water; this is easily accounted for, the descending drops of rain meet the ascending vapour, join with it, by which they are increased every instant until they touch the earth. But these drops, that seem by their force to raise bubbles on the surface of water, standing in little hollows, are not spherical as some suppose them to be, but hemispheri cal and hollow like inverted cups; this is not all, the bubble is not caused by the force of the drop so much as by electric agency: any person may satisfy himself of this, by attentively watching during the time of a heavy shower. Often have I seen the water rise in a conical point to meet the descending drop before it came in contact with the water, and these appearances in a greater or less degree will continue, until an equilibrium of the electric fluid as well as the moisture of the surface of the ground, and the surrounding atmosphere The former part of this month, rather cool and backward for the season; the latter part, generally, a hot sun between heavy showers which seems now to hurry on vegetation rapidly. In my last I noticed chinks or cracks in the surface of the ground, in grain fields, which I account for thus: In takes place, after which, vegetation proceeds regularly. In my next, I purpose to offer an opinion upon some of the phenomena of our atmosphere, founded up. | on known facts; hypothesis, if not supported by actual observation, has little to do with Meteorology, & should never be resorted to. I am, sir, respectfully yours, WILLIAM MUSGRAVE.' We have received the first number of the Lehigh Pioneer and Maunch Chunk Courier, published at Mauch Chunk, edited by Amos Sisty-from it we make several extracts. LEHIGH CANAL. The Lehigh Canal was commenced in the summer of 1825, under the direction of Josiah White, Esq. Acting Manager of the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company; and in about six months, one mile, extending from Mauch Chunk towards Easton, was completed. This portion is constructed with a bottom 60 feet wide, and calculated for a depth of 5 feet, although it has heretofore been used with only two or three feet water. It was made thus large in order to form a convenient basin or boat harbour, for the accommodation of the business of Mauch Chunk. The banks are paved on the inside with river stone. Upon this mile there are 5 wooden locks. The 1st is a guard lock, the 2d a lift lock of 7 feet, and the 3 others each 6 feet lift, and combined, making in the whole 25 feet overcome by 4 lift locks: they are each 130 feet by 30 in the chamber. In June, 1827, the canal from the end of the 1st mile (then finished) was undertaken under the superintendence of Canvass White, Esq. Civil Engineer. The dis tance from Mauch Chunk to Easton, at the mouth of the Lehigh is 463 miles. Thirty-seven miles being canal and the remainder river navigation. The canal is 45 feet in width at the bottom, with 5 feet water. The banks having a slope of one and a half feet base to one foot rise, giving a surface of 60 feet; except in sandy soils where the slope is 2 feet base to one foot rise, leaving the canal 65 feet in width at top water. In many places the canal is carried in the river at the foot of Bluffs; in such cases it is protected on the outside by substantial slope walls from the freshets of the stream, which seldom rise to a greater height than six feet. The towing path is 1 feet wide, the berm bank 6 feet wide on the top. Along one side of the pools made by the Dams, towing paths are formed in a permanent manner and faced with slope walls. The Lock walls are composed of rough stone, laid in Hydraulic cement, and planked on the inside with two inch pine. This cement was discovered in the immediate vicinity of the canal and has proved to be of an excellent quality. The locks are 100 feet between the hollow coins, and 22 feet wide, exclusive of the four lift locks already mentioned, there are 5 locks of 6 feet lift, 2 of 6), 10 of 7, 20 of 8, 1 of 8.20, 2 of 84, and 1 of 14.17 feet lift; making in the whole from Mauch Chunk 361.17 feet overcome by 47 locks. There are also 7 guard locks 2 of which have been enumerated among the lift locks. Eight dams supply the canal with water, which vary in height from 6 to 16 feet; they are built of round timber in the form of crib work, and covered with poles about one foot in diameter. There are about twenty-three bridges; seven of which are for public roads. The Farm bridges are 13 feet wide-the road bridges 21 feet wide; they are generally 50 feet span. erected on stone abutments of dry walls, and raised 7 feet above top water line. An aqueduct is built over the Monockesy at Bethlehem, of three stone arches, each 18 feet span. One of 3 stone piers with a wooden superstructure, over the Aquanshicola creek at Lehigh Gap-a similar one over the Hockendoque, and the 4th with one pier over artsh's creek, There are 22 culverts, 4 of which are double-the others are single arches of from 3 to 5 feet span, all of stone, laid in Hydraulic cement. Also about 22 waste wiers of wood, from 50 to 100 feet in length. The whole canal is built with great attention to strength and durability, but with little regard to ornament. The completion of this great work is confidently expected in a short time; and, although difficulties have been met with during its progress which were not anticipated in the commencement; yet, by perseverance and diligence they have been successfully encountered.. Presenting a great breadth of surface, and depth of water, unusual facilities for rapid movement will be af forded without much risk to the banks-while the animals that draw the boats upon it, in consequence of the lessened resistance, will apply their strength with more ease to themselves, and advantage to their employers. In the early part of next season, we may expect to see the Delaware division of the Pennsylvania Canal, opened for trade; most of it is now done, and the remainder put under contract to be finished this year; when there will be an uninterrupted slack water navigation from Mauch Chunk to tide; and, when the whole shall be in full and successful operation, a cheap and ready means of conveyance will be obtained between the immense Coal region of the Lehigh Company and the city of Philadelphia-and by the Morris canal with New-York; affording also a convenient outlet for the produce of the fertile vallies of Northampton and Lehigh counties, and for the iron ore which is found in many places near the river Lehigh in great abundance. Thus offering a fair prospect of ample remuneration for the unremitting industry of an enterprising compa ny, and, at the same time, largely benefitting the pubMauch Chunk Courier. lic. LUMBER. Among the many articles of commerce and home consumption of our state, the article of lumber does not form a small item; and although we have no cause to apprehend a want for the general purposes of building, trade, or even commerce, for centuries to come, yet the rapid improvement of the country-particularly along the banks and vallies of our rivers and streams by cutting away the forests to give place to agricultural pursuits, has no doubt had a tendency to advance the price, and in some instances effect a scarcity. This evil has unquestionably been felt by the different towns and villages bordering upon the Lehigh and Delaware-and the advance in the price of lumber in the market of Philadelphia, is probably owing to the same cause. What effect the improvement of the navigation of those rivers by canal may have upon the lumber market we are not prepared to say, but we argue that it will be very favorable, at least, in considerably increasing the supply. We already notice a disposition among the owners of timbered and tillable lands, bordering upon the head waters of the Lehigh and its tributary streams to look up their boundary lines, examine the nature of their titles and claims, and fix a real value upon property, which, previous to the operations of the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company, was not taken into account and scarcely considered worth the annual taxes with which they were charged. Several gentlemen in Philadelphia, holders of lands in this quarter have this season sent on their agents, had their lands surveyed into lots, and put in a condition to be disposed of to purchasers who may be inclined to engage in lumbering or other pursuits. Others have erected saw mills and are fast paving the way for more extensive operations, The prices at which these lands are now held, we are told, are from two to five dollars per acre-according to the quality of the soil, value of timber, ores, or other minerals, or properties which they may possess. 16. HARRISBURG, June 1, 1829. Dear Sir I hasten to reply to your note of this evening, inquiring whether I would be willing to accept the office of Secretary of the Canal Commissioners, at the reduced rate of compensation fixed by resolution of this day. You are perfectly aware that the salary assigned me as secretary of the late Board, was but a moderate com pensation for the duties and responsibilities attached to the office. In the employment of the new board, these duties and responsibilities cannot be less, and I shall confess myself in error, if they be not materially increas ed. I should therefore do injustice to myself, and to the opinion of those who estimate my services from actual experience of their value, did I not reply to your inquiry with a decided negative. You will oblige me by saying to any one who may speak on the subject, that I can not permit myself to be named for the office. With sincere thanks for your kindness heretofore, and your friendly expressions on this occasion, I am, Sir, your friend and servant, (Signed) JOS. MclLVAINE. Note.-Ice in Mauch Chunk pond broke up on the Hams, per lb. 10th of the month.-Mauch Chunk Pioneer. The new Board of Canal Commissioners met on the first of June; present all the members except Gen. Patterson of Philadelphia. Judge Scott was unanimously elected President, the Board then passed a resolution reducing the Secretary's salary to $1000 per annum; but adjourned without an election. After the adjournment the following correspondence passed between the President of the new Board and the Secretary of the old: Timothy Hay per ton Rye straw, per bundle of 30 lbs. Clean Swingle tow, per lb. 5th mo. 25, 1829. 65 Cts. 50 45 to 50 7 to 8 10 to 12 7 to 10 9 to 10 $14.00 15 35 1 Printed every SATURDAY MORNING by WILLIAN? GEDDES, No. 59 Locust Street. Philadelphia; where, and the PUBLICATION OFFICE, IN FRANKLIN PLACE, ou door back of the Post Office, (back room) subscriptions will thankfully received. Price FIVE DOLLARS per annum, parab annually by subscribers residing in or near the city, or when there is an agent. Other subscribers pay in advance. THE REGISTER OF PENNSYLVANIA. DEVOTED TO THE PRESERVATION OF EVERY KIND OF USEFUL INFORMATION RESPECTING THE STATE. VOL. III.-NO. 24. EDITED BY SAMUEL HAZARD. PHILADELPHIA, JUNE 13, 1829. BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIR OF MAJOR GENERAL ANTHONY WAYNE. [From the Casket.] NO. 76. more attention to his books, I shall be under the painful necessity of dismissing him from the school." The father, as may be supposed, was much mortified by the account given him of his son, and at the next inAnthony Wayne, the grand-father of the American terview not only lectured him severely, but threatened General, who is the subject of this notice, was a native to withdraw him from school and consign him to the of Yorkshire, England. At an early period of life he lowest and most irksome labour of the farm. Knowing removed to the Emerald Isle, and located himself in the the decisive character of his father, and dreading the county of Wicklow. The principal occupation of this execution of his threat, Anthony determined to aban gentleman was that of agriculture. He occasionally ex-don, at least for the present, all his military schemes, At the and to prosecute his studies with vigor. He therefore ecuted some civil as well as military offices. memorable battle of the Boyne he commanded a squad-returned to his uncle, and re-commenced the matheron of dragoons, under King William. His ardent at-matics; in which he persevered so effectually, that, at tachment to republican principles rendered a residence the expiration of eighteen months, his uncle acknowl in the immediate neighborhood of monarchical govern- edged that he could instruct him no further, as Anthoment both inconvenient and unpleasant, therefore, inny had exhausted his whole stock of information in that the year 1722, he migrated to North America with his science, and advised his brother to send him to Philafamily, consisting of four sons, all of whom were well delphia, for the purpose of acquiring an academical edIn the ucation. educated men in Ireland, their native country. year 1724, with the view of settling his sons comfortably around him, he purchased an extensive real estate in the county of Chester and province of Pennsylvania, to each of whom he assigned a part. His youngest son, Isaac Wayne, father of the American General, was a man of strong mind, great industry and enterprise. He frequently represented the county of Chester in the Provincial Legislature, and, in the capacity of a commissioned officer, repeatedly distinguished himself in expeditions against the Indians. He was at all times celebrated for his patriotism, and universally admired for his integrity. After a long life of usefulness to his country, family, and friends, he died in the year 1774, leaving one son and two daughters. Anthony, having reconciled his uncle, and gratified the hopes of his father, was, at the age of sixteen years, he remained until he arrived at eighteen years of age. entered as a pupil in the Philadelphia Academy, where His attachment to mathematical science was so ardent, and his zeal to reach its summit so great, that the united solicitations of his friends and tutors could not prevail on him to devote more time to the dead languages than was merely sufficient for the acquirement of their rudiments. After leaving the academy, Mr. Wayne took up his residence in his native county, the settlement and improvement of which, though as yet in their infancy, were daily advancing. At this time a surveyor of competent abilities was much needed in the adjustment of controversies, on account of disputed and ill-defined lines, and the location of roads for public and pri suit of surveyings and also devoted a portion of his time to practical astronomy and engineering. The manuscripts which he has left behind him on those subjects have attracted the notice and elicited the applause of distinguished professors. Anthony Wayne, whose public career sheds so much lustre on the American arms and character, was born in the township of Easttown, Chester county, Pennsylva-vate accommodation; he therefore commenced the purnia, on the first day of January, 1745. His father was desirous of bringing him up to his own profession, an agriculturist; but he soon discovered that the labours of the field did illy accord with his son's propensities, and as he was blessed with the means of indulging the bent of his son's genius, he resolved to afford him an opportunity of pursuing such studies as inclination might suggest. For this purpose he was committed to the care and tuition of his uncle, Gabriel Wayne, a man of considerable erudition and mental acquirements. After some considerable time being spent with his uncle, it appears that his progress in learning was very discouraging; hence his relative despatched him to his father with this mortifying message "I really suspect that parental affection blinds you, and that you have mistaken your son's capacity. What he may be best qualified for, I know not-one thing I am certain of, he will never make a scholar; he may perhaps make a soldier; he has already distracted the brains of two-thirds of the boys under my charge, by rehearsals of battles, sieges, &c. They exhibit more the appearance of IndiThis one decorated ans and Harlequins than students. with a cap of many colors, others habited in coats as variegated, like Joseph's of old,-some laid up with broken heads and black eyes. During noon, in place of the usual games of amusement, he has the boys employed in throwing up redoubts, skirmishing, &c. I must be candid with you, brother Isaac-unless Anthony pays VOL. III. 47 Dr. Benjamin Franklin, that patron of science and learned men, about this period found out Mr. Wayne in his retirement, and admiring his manners, and highly death deprived his country of that great and excellent appreciating his talents, became his steady friend, until man. To promote the interest and encourage the laudable ambition of his youthful friend, the Doctor, in the year 1764, suggested an association for the purpose of A company was soon formed, purchasing and settling a large body of land in the province of Nova Scotia. consisting of many wealthy and distinguished characters. Of this association Mr. Wayne became a member, and was immediately appointed the agent to carry its objects into operation. In the month of March, 1765, Mr. Wayne having entered his twenty-first year, embarked for Nova Scotia. The agency for this new population company was highly responsible and arduous. Warrants were to be taken out, actual surveys were to be made and returned, patents to be procured for the lands, &c.; in addition to was his zeal for the accomplishment of the object of his which, actual settlements were to be made. So ardent mission, that he suffered nothing within his controul to |