2. Reclamation by Gov. Stevens of Washington Territory.-Prof. B. SILLIMAN, Jr.-Sir :-I send you Sir-I send you herewith a copy of my final Report and Narrative of the Exploration of the Northern route for a Pacific Railroad, and desire respectfully to ask you to examine it in connection with a volume entitled Natural History of Washington Territory, by Drs. Cooper and Suckley, also sent with this.

It is due to one of the authors (Dr. Suckley) that I should here remark that when he was informed of the injustice done me, he frankly admitted that I had a right to be dissatisfied and that nearly all the facts complained of occurred during his absence in California-that when he returned he found the title pages and the chapter on Meteorology had been printed under the direction of Dr. Cooper, my friend and neighbor, and that he supposed, from Dr. Cooper's relationship to me, that my permission had been given to the incorporation of the chapter on Meteorology. He also added that as an amende honorable he should send notices over his signature to every holder of the book and also one to be published in your Journal, stating that my name was inadvertently left out of the title page and that I was the sole author of the chapter on Meteorology. Therefore wherever Dr. Suckley's name is referred to, it is simply because he appears as joint author of the "Natural History," and not because I attach any blame to him in regard to the matter.

An examination of my report will show you that this "Natural History" is a portion of my own Report. I will first call your attention to their letter addressed to me transmitting their volume. You will find it at the close of the volume (Appendix C.). In that letter, as will appear from its contents, they transmit the portion of my Report immediately following the alphabetical Index and preceding the appendices.

If you will examine the "Natural History " you will find that it contains Chapter IV. of my Report on Meteorology, copied page for page; that this chapter is illustrated by several views taken from the body of my Report, and that my isothermal chart is to be found at the end of the volume. By turning to my own Report, it will be observed that this chapter on Meteorology is an integral portion of my own personal and official Report of the route, follows the geographical memoir and precedes the estimate of the cost of a railroad on the northern route.

You will also observe upon page viii. of the preface to the "Natural History" that the authors (Drs. Cooper and Suckley) state that none of the plates illustrating their volume have been before published in any of the series. If you will compare these pictorial views with those in my final Report and narrative, you will find them to be identically the same, having been struck off from the same stone, by the same person, and therefore cannot be new.

My object in addressing you is to expose the plagiarism of Dr. Cooper and to show his injustice to myself.

It being doubtful whether extra copies would be ordered by Congress, I gave my consent to the Government printer's striking off some extra copies of the Natural History Report for the use of Drs. Cooper and Suckley, they bearing the expense, and the pretended edition of Baillière Brothers was struck off in this manner. I did not give my consent to the incorporation of the chapter on Meteorology, or to the use of the

plates, or to the use of the isothermal chart. It was done without authority, without the least consultation with me, nor was I aware till I saw the bound volume that they had any intention of the kind.

Now turn to their title page. 1. My name is altogether omitted from it, whereas since the work is simply a portion of my own report, my name should have been there. 2. The title states that Drs. Cooper and Suckley are the authors of the work, and of course the authors of Chapter IV. The following extract from the title makes this claim:

"Being those parts of the final Reports on the Survey of the Northern Pacific Railroad route, containing the Climate and Physical Geography, with full catalogues and descriptions, &c., by J. G. Cooper, M. D., and Dr. G. Suckley, U. S. A., Naturalists to the Expedition." 3. The title shows new matter added, which, under the arrangement referred to, was certainly inadmissable.

I will now call your attention to Baillière's advertisement which I send you with the "Natural History." It is there set forth that Chapter IV, on Meteorology, is by Gov. Stevens and Dr. Cooper.

By reference to the date of my letter to the Secretary of War, transmitting my Report, and the date of Drs. Cooper and Suckley's preface, it will appear that on the 7th of February, 1859, this chapter was sent in to the Secretary as my exclusive work and was so published by the Senate. In November following it is claimed by Drs. Cooper and Suckley in their title page as their work, and in Baillière's notice as the joint work of Gov. Stevens and Dr. Cooper. The priority of the Senate publication establishes the plagiarism.

The authorship of the chapter in question is exclusively my own. Dr. Cooper has no pretext to any portion of the authorship. He was employed by me under the authority of the Department, at the rate of $125 per month, to assist me in my Report. He did assist me on this chapter and in other portions of my Report. I prescribed the mode of investigation, supervised the work daily and prepared the Report. The mode of investigation, reasoning, deductions and conclusions are my own and not Dr. Cooper's. My attention had long been given to the subject. The Doctor was patient under my direction in preparing tables and collecting data. It is not only a most extraordinary case for an employé to assume the authorship of an article when he simply did the work of an employé, but it has been long since established judicially that all such claims are utterly untenable.

Why did not Dr. Cooper claim the authorship when I sent in the Report to the Secretary? Why did he not claim it when he was employed by me in assisting me in the tables to be found in it? He was during this whole time and for many months subsequently at my house every day. Why did he not claim the authorship when the Senate Report was published? It was published before the date (November) of their preface.

Why has it been done clandestinely, my first notice of it being seven months after the Senate publication?

I had a right to expect better treatment at the hands of Dr. Cooper than this, since at the time he was contemplating claiming authorship to an article of which he knew I was the author, he was pretending friend

ship towards myself, and afterwards did seek and obtain through my influence a position with a Government expedition.

I have respectfully to request that you will publish this communication in your valuable Journal. I am, Sir, very respectfully,

ISAAC I. STEVENS.

3. Dr. Suckley's Disclaimer.-Editors Silliman's Journal :-Gentlemen :-You will confer a favor by stating in the next number of your valuable Journal that the authorship of the Chapter on Meteorology in Cooper and Suckley's work on the Natural History of Washington Territory should be accorded to the Hon. Isaac I. Stevens, whose name was unfortunately omitted from the title-page. Notices to this effect have been sent to all the owners of copies.

Very respectfully, your ob't servant,

New York, July 31, 1860.

GEORGE SUCKLEY.

4. Stereoscopic Advertisements; by ELI W. BLAKE, JR.-Prof. H. W. Dove, to whom we are indebted for so many beautiful stereoscopic experiments, in his Optische Studien,* gives a specimen of stereoscopic printing to illustrate the double refraction of Iceland Spar, as seen in binocular vision.

This effect is produced by printing for the left eye, lines in the ordinary manner, while for the right eye, the alternate lines are slightly advanced. Upon combining the two by means of the stereoscope, the printing appears to be in two planes, more or less distant from each other.

Should the "spacing" of the two not correspond exactly, single words will rise towards or fall back from the eye; thus by varying the spaces between the words even in the slightest degree, a marked effect is produced. In this age of advertising it might be worth the while of enterprising individuals to print their advertisements in a stereoscopic form. It would certainly gain for them a more general and careful study than this class of literature can generally command. I annex, as an example of this mode of printing, a stereoscopic advertisement of this Journal, which may be observed by simply placing the instrument over it.

5. Paraselena and Lunar Rainbow; by Lieut. J. M. GILLISS.---When returning from Washington Territory and at 9 P. M. of July 26th, we were witnesses to atmospheric phenomena so rarely seen together that a brief notice is offered for record in the Journal.

The steamer's position was lat. 44° N.; long. 124° 30′ W., and, consequently, some 20 miles N. W. of Umpqua river, in California. The stars shone brightly overhead and the atmosphere was perfectly calm, but loaded with a wet fog or mist. At the time specified, the moon was 81 days old and its altitude about 20°. Its disc was enveloped in bright mist, which extended in a well-defined circle of 30′ to 32′ diameter. This mist-ring was surrounded by an exquisitely marked halo of about 3° diameter, whose colors were blue, pearl-white and reddish-pink, the blue color nearest to the moon. The halo lasted from 15m to 20m, its colors gradually fading, until they were no longer distinguishable, though the bright inner mist-ring continued much longer. When it had disappeared stars were visible to within 15° of the horizon.

* Optische Studien von H. W. Dove. Berlin, 1859.