chyta Lysimachia, Lib. Exs. n. 253. On leaves of Lysimachia Nummularia. Darenth, 1865.

56. SEPTORIA CASTANECOLA, Desmz. Amphigenous. Spots tawny, indeterminate. Perithecia on the under surface, brownish-black, minute, numerous, somewhat innate, pierced with a terminal pore. Tendrils whitish. Sporidia elongated, slender, curved.-Ann. des Sc. Nat. 1847, viii. p. 26; Fuckel, Fung. Rhen. n. 508.-On fading leaves of Castanea vesca. Ascot, September, 1865.

57. SEPTORIA RIBIS, Desmz. Amphigenous. Spots numerous, small, irregular and angular, of a pale brown or purple colour. Perithecia innate, very small, blackish-brown, convex, pierced with a large apical pore. Tendrils flesh-colour, or roseate. Sporidia elongated, linear, containing numerous nucleoli.-Mém. de la Soc. des Sc. de Lille, 1842 ; Pl. Crypt. Exs. n. 1179. Ascochyta Ribis, Libert, Exs. n. 53, West. and Wall. Herb. Crypt. Belge, n. 92. Phlæospora Ribis, Westendorp, Bull. de Brux. 1850, p. 20.-On leaves of Black Currant. Common. (Fig. 32, sporidia, × 300.)

58. SEPTORIA ALNICOLA, n. sp.; amphigenis; maculis rotundatis, pallido-brunneis vel fuscis; peritheciis minutis, sparsis, semi-innatis, atris, poro simplici pertusis; cirrhis albidis (?); sporidiis oblongis, rectis vel curvatis.-On living leaves of Alnus glutinosa. Shere, autumn, 1865 (Dr. E. Capron). Spots pallid, brown or tawny, rounded, about one-fourth of an inch in diameter. Perithecia minute, scattered over the spots, semi-innate, black, pierced at the apex. Sporidia oblong, straight or curved. (Fig. 23, sporidia, × 300.)

CHEILARIA, Libert. Perithecia subglobose, dehiscing with a fisNucleus gelatinous. Sporidia more or less globose, ejected in

sure.

tendrils.

59. CHEILARIA CORYLI, Rob. Amphigenous. Spots irregular, rufous. Perithecia hypo- rarely epiphyllous, innate, membranaceous, subgregarious, very small, roundish, pallid brown, dehiscing with a longitudinal fissure. Nucleus white. Sporidia hyaline, oblong, somewhat truncate, wedge-shaped or fiddle-shaped.-Desmz. Ann. des Sc. Nat. 1853, xx. p. 226; Pl. Crypt. Exs. ed. ii. n. 80.—On leaves of Corylus Avellana. Darenth, Swanscombe, and Highgate, autumn, 1865.

60. CHEILARIA ARBUTI, Desmz. Epiphyllous. Spots minute, dark coloured.

Perithecia minute, crowded, black, shining, roundish

oblong, dehiscing by a longitudinal fissure. Nucleus at first whitish, ultimately blackened. Sporidia ovoid, minute, with two nucleoli.— Ann. des Sc. Nat. 1846, vi. p. 68. Dothidea Arbuti, Spr. ex Duby, Bot. Gall. ii. p. 717.-On leaves of Arbutus Unedo. Swanscombe, January, 1866.

PHYLLOSTICTA, Pers. Perithecia few and minute, innate, pierced with a terminal pore, seated on discoloured spots. Nucleus gelatinous. Sporidia ovoid or oblong, straight, minute, ejected in tendrils.

61. PHYLLOSTICTA ATRIPLICIS, Desmz. Amphigenous. Spots orbicular, whitish, with a tawny or brownish margin, scattered or confluent. Perithecia on the upper surface, very minute, numerous, globose, innate, brownish-black, pierced at the apex. Tendrils yellowish-white. Sporidia cylindrical, obtuse, straight or curved and somewhat torulose, with from 3 to 5 nucleoli.—Ann. des Sc. Nat. 1851, xvi. p. 298. Sphæria (Depazea) vagans, atriplicicola, Fr. S. M. ii. p. 582. -On leaves of Atriplex and Chenopodium. Highgate, 1864. (Fig. 22, sporidia, × 300.)

62. PHYLLOSTICTA CIRSII, Desmz. Epiphyllous. Spots roundish or irregular, numerous, whitish with a brown margin. Perithecia innate, black. Sporidia very minute, oblong, with two nucleoli.-Ann. des Sc. Nat. 1847, viii. p. 31.—On leaves of Cirsium arvense. Bungay, September, 1865.

63. PHYLLOSTICTA VICIE. Epiphyllous. Spots white, rounded, with a purplish margin. Perithecia minute, aggregate, black, with a terminal pore. Tendrils white. Sporidia ellipsoid with two, sometimes three, nucleoli.-Ascochyta Vicia, Libert, Exs. n. 356. Phyllosticta Ervi? West. Bullet. des Brux.-On leaves of Vicia sepium. Sydenham, October, 1864.

Amphigenous.

64. PHYLLOSTICTA RUSCICOLA, DR. and Mont. Spots pallid, with a reddish-brown margin. Perithecia scattered over the spots, covered by the epidermis, globose, black. Sporidia oblong. —Fl. Alg. i. p. 611; Mont. Syll. p. 279; Desmz. Ann. des Sc. Nat. 1847, viii. p. 32; Pl. Crypt. n. 1634; West. Bull. de Brux. vii. p. 23. -On the phyllodia of Ruscus aculeatus. Swanscombe, Kent, autumn,

1865.

65. PHYLLOSTICTA CYTISI, Desmz. Spots few, round or irregular, grey, with a brown margin. Perithecia epiphyllous, black, numerous. Sporidia ovoid-oblong, with two nucleoli.-Ann. des Sc. Nat. 1847,

viii. p. 34; Pl. Crypt. n. 1861.—On fading leaves of Cytisus Laburnum. Highgate, autumn, 1865.

66. PHYLLOSTICTA SAMBUCI, Desmz. Epiphyllous. Spots whitish, solitary or confluent, and disposed in a line. Perithecia innate, minute, few, brownish-black, pierced with a terminal pore. Nucleus whitish. Sporidia ovoid-oblong, with two nucleoli.—Ann. des Sc. Nat. 1847, viii. p. 34; Pl. Crypt. n. 1638.-On fading leaves of Elder. Shere, autumn, 1865 (Dr. E. Capron). (Fig. 28, sporidia, x 300.)

67. PHYLLOSTICTA PRIMULECOLA, Desmz. Spots occupying both surfaces of the leaves, large, blanched, oftentimes with a yellowish border. Perithecia epiphyllous, numerous, rather prominent, globose, black, shining. Sporidia subglobose, very small.-Ann. des Sc. Nat. 1847, viii. p. 130; Pl. Crypt. Fr. Exs. n. 1629.-On fading leaves of Primula vulgaris. Common, autumn.

68. PHYLLOSTICTA LIMBALIS, Pers. Spots ivory-white, with a discoloured margin, generally at the edges of the leaves. Perithecia rare, blackish, scattered, sometimes confluent. Sporidia oblong, hyaline, with three or four nucleoli.-Pers. Champ. Comest. Depazea buxicola, Fr. S. M. ii. 528; Fuckel, Fung. Rhen. n. 429. Dothidea depazeoides, Desmz. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1838. x. 311. Septoria Elæagni, Desmz. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1842, xvii. 107. Sphæria lichenoides, var. buxicola (De Cand.), Welw. Crypt. Lusit. n. 21.—On living Box leaves. Shere, autumn, 1865 (Dr. E. Capron).

69. PHYLLOSTICTA ERYSIMI, West. Spots blanched, rounded, with a linear dark brown margin. Perithecia numerous, black, scattered about the centre of the spot. Ostiole poriform. Sporidia oval, hyaline, containing two nucleoli at the extremities.-West. Bull. de Brux. 1863, n. 21.-On leaves of Erysimum Alliaria. Shere, autumn, 1865 (Dr. E. Capron).

DEMATIEI.

70. MACROSPORIUM HETERONEMUM, Desmz. Amphigenous. Spots scattered, tawny, irregular, sometimes confluent. Flocci erect, septate, of two forms, distinctly united in small fascicles, one kind conidiiferous, short, nodulose, tawny; the other kind simple, elongated, subflexuose, hyaline, obtuse above and attenuated below. Sporidia large, pedicellate, oblong-clavate, tawny, with the endochrome divided trans

versely, and here and there longitudinally, into numerous cells; pedicels hyaline. Ann. des Sc. Nat. 1853, xx. p. 216; Pl. Crypt. Exs. ed. ii. n. 7.-On fading leaves of Sagillaria sagittifolia. Irstead, Norfolk, September, 1865.-The specimens also contained, intermixed with the Macrosporium, the Uredo-spores described by Westendorp under the name of Uredo Sagittariæ, and as numerously as on specimens received from him. I also found the Macrosporium on Westendorp's specimens, and both Uredo and Macrosporium on Fuckel's specimen of Phyllosticta Sagittaria. There were also one or two Uredo-spores scattered amongst the Macrosporium on Desmazières' specimen. A single leaf, collected by Mr. D. Stock, at Bungay, twenty years ago, but which had never been named, contained the Macrosporium and a few Uredo-spores. The latter are evidently those of a Trichobasis, and probably belong to Puccinia Sagittaria, Rabh., a species not yet ascertained to be British.

EXPLANATION OF PLATE XLV.-1. Valsa ceratophora: a, section of group of perithecia, × slightly; b, ascus and sporidia; c, free sporidia, × 300. 2. Diatrypella quercina: ascus and sporidia, × 300. 3. Podosphæra Kunzei: tip of appendage, × slightly. 4. P. clandestina: tip of appendage, × slightly. 5. Microsphæria comata: tip of appendage, x slightly. 6. Sphæria abbreviata: asci and sporidia, x 300. 7. S. diplospora: sporidia, x 300. 8. Valsa thelebola: ascus and sporidia, x 300. 9. Massaria eburnea: sporidia, x 300. 10. Sphæria epidermidis: tetrasporous asci, × 300. 11. Sphærella isariphora: ascus and sporidia, x 300. 12. Sphæria Araucaria: asci and sporidia, × 300. 13. Phoma petiolorum: sporidia, x 300. 14. P. glandicola: sporidia, × 300. 15. Hendersonia sarmentorum: sporidia, x 300. 16. H. Corni: sporidia, x 300. 17. H. Robiniæ: sporidia, x 300. 18. Sphæria (Gnomonia) petioli: ascus and sporidia, x 300. 19. S. Alliariæ: ascus and sporidia, x 300. 20. Valsa tetratrupha, var. simplex: ascus and sporidia, x 300. 21. V. amygdalina: ascus and sporidia, x 300. 22. Phyllosticta Atriplicis: sporidia, x 300. 23. Septoria alnicola: sporidia, × 300. 24. S. Unedinis: sporidia, × 300. 25. S. Sorbi: sporidia, x 300. 26. S. Ficaria: sporidia, × 300. 27. S. pyricola: sporidia, × 300. 28. Phyllosticta Sambuci: sporidia, x 300. 29. Septoria Sedi: sporidia, x 300. 30. S. Scleranthi: sporidia, × 300. 31. S. Hydrocotyles: sporidia, × 300. 32. S. Ribis: sporidia, x 300.

DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES OF POLYGALA FROM SOUTHERN CHINA.

BY H. F. HANCE, PH.D., ETC.

Polygala (Blepharidium) cyanolopha, n. sp.; caulibus herbaceis diffusis a basi ad apicem ramosis teretibus pubentibus, foliis confertis

tristichis carnosulis brevissime petiolatis ovalibus obtusis cum acumine opacis subtus paululum pallidioribus 3-7 lineas longis flavido-viridibus, racemis plerumque supra-axillaribus densissimis 12-20-floris folia æquantibus, pedunculo communi angulato, bracteolis minutis deciduis, floribus vix bilinealibus, alis glabris lanceolato-oblongis falcatis setaceoacuminatis capsula bis longioribus flavo-viridibus lineis purpureobrunneis percursis, carina cristata basi viridulo-alba apice cum crista clare et intense cerulea, capsula lineam tantum longa ovali-compressa æqualiter angustissime marginata leviter emarginata margine vix ciliata, seminibus oblongis nigrescentibus dense albo-pilosis, arilli trilobi semine triplo brevioris lobis æqualibus.

This pretty little plant was found by me in the beginning of October, 1865, growing, not very abundantly, on a grassy hill on Danes' Island, Whampoa, and was very conspicuous by its yellowish tint, its dense clusters of flowers with variegated wings, and particularly by the beautiful deep clear blue of the crest, resembling in colour Anagallis cærulea, or some Gentian; the foliage is not very dissimilar to that of the Algerian P. orycoccoides, Desf. Amongst the Chinese species known to me, it comes nearest to P. glomerata, Lour., with living specimens of which I have compared it, but is readily distinguished by the stem branching all the way up, by the yellowish not bluish-green colour of its much smaller leaves, by the flowers being not half as large, arranged in longer and far denser clusters, with striped wings and a blue crest, whilst in the many specimens of P. glomerata I have seen, they have invariably been green-winged, and with a greenishwhite keel; and by the elliptic, less emarginate, narrow-margined and obscurely-ciliated capsule, which is less in size than one of the cells of that of Loureiro's species, the fruit of which is besides broadly orbicular, its greatest diameter being transverse, not vertical. The nearest natural ally of my new plant is, however, evidently P. telephioides, Willd. (nec Boiss. et Balansa), but that has the stem branched only from or at most just above the collum, the branches flexuose and sharply-angled upwards; its leaves are oblong and narrowed at the base; its racemes few-flowered; the flowers still smaller and different in colour; its capsule broader, and seeds less densely silky. Both Mr. Bentham and Prof. Miquel suggest that P. glomerata may be a form of P. arvensis, Willd., which, however, appears distinct enough, and has a much narrower-margined capsule, that of true P. glomerata