-On Alder. Irstead, Norfolk, September, 1865.-Unless care be exercised in the examination, the terminal cilia may be overlooked. (Fig. 8, ascus and sporidia, x 300.)

10. VALSA CERATOPHORA, Tul. Erumpent, splitting the epidermis in a somewhat stellate manner. Perithecia globose, with very long necks. Asci numerous, linear-oblong, 8-spored. Sporidia minute, sausage-shaped, pallid.--Sel. Fung. Carp. ii. p. 191. t. 22. f. 1–11. Sphæria ceratosperma, Moug. and Nest. Exs. n. 567; Fr. S. M. ii. p. 364 (partly); Curr. Linn. Trans. xxii. p. 292. t. 47. f. 93 (fide Tulasne). Valsa coronata, Duby in Rabh. Exs. (1860) n. 250.-On fallen Elm-branches. Fife House, Whitehall, January, 1866. (Fig. 1 a, section of group of perithecia; b, ascus and sporidia; c, free sporidia, X 300.)

* VALSA TETRATRUPHA, B. and Br., var. simplex. Recently I collected specimens of a Sphæria on the slender twigs of a Willow, which appeared to me to be so distinct from every described species with which I was acquainted, that I named it provisionally S. eustegia, and some specimens were sent to correspondents under that name. Mr. Broome, however, is disposed to regard it as a form of Valsa tetratrupha. The perithecia are in the majority of instances single and scattered, occasionally two or three are confluent. The asci are cylindrical and 8-spored. Sporidia uniseriate, triseptate, but without any indications of transverse septa. Indeed, nothing can at first sight appear more distinct than this form, and the species to which it is referred. Mr. Broome has a far better knowledge of the species described by himself, in conjunction with the Rev. M. J. Berkeley, as V. tetratrupha, than I have, and therefore I am content to abide by his decision. (Fig. 20, ascus and sporidia, × 300.)

11. MASSARIA EBURNEA, Tul. Hypodermal, pulviniform or conical, depressed or subtruncate. Perithecia circinating, with long necks. Asci large, obovate-cylindrical, obtuse, 8-spored. Sporidia elliptical or broadly ovate, quadrilocular, constricted at the joints, obtuse, smooth, and pallid.-Tul. Sel. Fung. Carp. ii. p. 239. t. 25. f. 5-9. Sphæria pupula, var. minor, Desm. Pl. Crypt. Exs. (1851) n. 1764; Ann. Sc. Nat. (1852) xviii. p. 362. (Pycnides) Septoria princeps, B. and Br. Ann. Nat. Hist. 1861, vii. p. 380. t. 15. f. 11.-On Beech. Shere, January, 1866 (Dr. E. Capron). (Fig. 9, sporidia, x 300.)

*NECTRIA PUNICEA, Rabh. I have found upon twigs of Rhamnus

Frangula a Nectria, which agrees in every respect with the specimens published by Dr. Rabenhorst under this name (Fung. Europ. Ex. n. 634), but do not find any character whereby it can merit separation from Nectria cinnabarina, Fr., or, at least, what I take to be that species, which is found so commonly with Tubercularia vulgaris (its barren condition) upon dead twigs of Currant. I do not know wherein Dr. Rabenhorst regards his species as distinct, there is evidently no difference in the fruit, and very little in the habit.

12. SPHÆRIA DIPLOSPORA, n. sp.; erumpentes; cæspitos æ; peritheciis subglobosis, papillatis, in tuberculis rimosis prominentibus corticis nidificantibus; ascis elongatis, octosporis; sporidiis uniseriatis, ellipticis, uniseptatis, brunneis, in forma Diplodia.—On stems of Bramble. Shere, February, 1866 (Dr. E. Capron). Cæspitose and erumpent, bursting through elongated fissures in the bark. Perithecia subglobose, distinctly papillate, black. Asci elongated and 8spored. Sporidia uniseriate, large, brown, and uniseptate, identical with the sporidia of Diplodia Rubi, Fr., scarcely constricted at the septum. (Fig. 7, sporidia, x 300.)

13. SPHÆRIA ABBREVIATA, n. sp.; peritheciis minutis, lineas breves aggregatas efformantibus, convexis, papillatis, demum perforatis; ascis abbreviatis, late ellipticis; sporidiis congestis, oblongis, triseptatis, torulosis, brunneis.-On dead stems of Bramble. Wandsworth Common, April, 1864; Shere, January, 1866 (Dr. E. Capron).—Perithecia minute, arranged in short parallel lines, but not confluent, convex at first, papillate, but ultimately perforated at the apex. Asci very short and broad, elliptical, pyriform or obovate. Sporidia crowded together, oblong, triseptate, slightly torulose, pale brown when mature. A very distinctly-marked species, of which I can find no description. The linear arrangement of the perithecia and the singularly abbreviated asci are too distinct to permit of their not being observed. If this is really S. clypeata, Fr., which I do not know, the name here applied should stand, there being another S. clypeata, N., also found on Bramble. (Fig. 6, asci and sporidia, x 300.)

*SPHÆRIA RUBORUM, Libert, Exs. n. 340 (1837). Sphæria rubicola, Curr. in Linn. Trans. (1859), xxii. p. 319. fig. 48; Berkl. Outl. p. 399; Cooke, Index Fung. Brit. n. 2224. Having compared the specimens published by Madame Libert with the rubicolous species found in this country, and which I have no doubt is that which Mr.

Currey had in view, I find no distinction whatever between them, therefore Sphæria rubicola, Curr., must give way before the much older name proposed by Madame Libert. M. Westendorp is certainly mistaken in referring Sphæria Ruborum, Lib., to Sphæria callimorpha, Mont.

14. SPHERIA ALLIARIE, Aswd. Asci somewhat clavate (more nearly cylindrical), 8-spored. Sporidia slightly curved, 3-5-septate, the middle dissepiment often a little constricted.-Rabh. Fungi Europæi Exs. n. 261. S. doliolum, Pers. (partly). On stems of Erysimum Alliaria. Shere, Feb. 1866 (Dr. E. Capron.)—This species is almost too closely allied to S. doliolum. The matrix is very much blackened in all the specimens examined, and the form and arrangement of the perithecia differ slightly from that species. Professor de Notaris does not appear to recognize it as distinct. (Fig. 19, ascus and sporidia, × 300.)

15. SPHÆRIA (GNOMONIA) PETIOLI, Fuckel. Simple, gregarious; perithecia always covered, globose; epidermis inflated, black. Ostiole prominent, flexuose, terete, thickened at the base, double the length of the perithecium, blackish. Asci clavate, 8-spored, sporidia narrowly fusiform, 3-5-septate hyaline.-Fungi Rhenani Exs. n. 537; Enum. Fung. Nass. p. 68; De Not. Schema di Class. p. 49.-On petioles of Acer Pseudo-platanus. Sydenham, 1863; Holly Lodge, Highgate, Feb. 1866. Not uncommon.-Closely allied to S. setacea, although Professor de Notaris places it in a different genus. (Fig. 18, ascus and sporidia, × 300.)

16. SPHÆRIA ARAUCARIÆ, n. sp.; maculis pallidis; peritheciis amphigenis, sparsis, tectis, sub epidermide elevatis, demum depressis, perforatis; ascis linearibus; sporidiis uniseriatis, ellipticis, uniseptatis, hyalinis vel melleis.—On dead leaves of Araucaria imbricata. Neatishead, Norfolk, Sept. 1865.-Seated on pallid spots. Perithecia on either or both surfaces, scattered, covered by the epidermis, at first raising the epidermis in small dark pustules, at length depressed in the centre and perforated. Asci linear. Sporidia uniseriate, elliptical, uniseptate, slightly constricted, obtuse at the extremities, and hyaline or pale amber colour. (Fig. 12, ascus and sporidia, × 300.)

* SPHÆRIA EPIDERMIDIS, Fr. The specimens of this plant which I have recently collected on bramble stems, are in the majority of instances tetrasporous, a few 8-spored asci being found mixed with those containing only 4. In all other points this Sphæria accords with

Messrs. Berkeley and Broome's interpretation of the S. epidermidis of Fries, having uniseptate, elliptical, brown sporidia. It is one of the species concerning which great confusion has existed, and to which many very different plants have been referred. (Fig. 10, tetrasporous asci, × 300.)

17. SPHÆRELLA ISARIPHORA, De Not. Epiphyllous. Perithecia very small, globose, depressed, scattered, black, often concealed beneath the epidermis. Ostiola poriform. Asci elongated, containing the oval or oblong sporidia, which are almost colourless, uniseriate, and uniseptate. -Schema di Class. Sfer. Ital. p. 63. Sphæria isariphora, Desmz. Mém. Soc. Roy. de Lille, 1843; Pl. Crypt. Exs. n. 1291; West. Bull. de Brux. 1850, n. 27.-On dead leaves of Stellaria holostea. Common.M. Desmazières observes that this species often supports a minute parasitic Isaria, whence its name. I have never been able to find such a parasite, although I have sought for it diligently. M. Westendorp makes a similar observation of want of success in verifying the fact. (Fig. 11, ascus and sporidia, × 300.)

PUCCINIEI.

* TRICHOBASIS HYDROCOTYLES, Cooke in Seemann's Journ. Bot. ii. p. 344; Micro. Fungi, p. 209; Fungi Brit. Exs. n. 69. Uredo Hydrocotyles, Bertero; Mont. Fl. Fernand. n. 59; Fl. Chil. viii. p. 50 ; Ann. Sc. Nat. 1835; Mont. Syll. p. 315; Desmz. Pl. Crypt. Exs. n. 2123; Ravenal, Fung. S. Carolina.—A comparison of specimens enables me to add with confidence the above synonyms to the account already published.

* TRICHOBASIS PARNASSIE, Cooke in Seem. Journ. Bot. ii. p. 344; Micro. Fungi, p. 210; Fungi Brit. Exs. n. 74. Uredo Parnassiæ, West. in Bull. de Brux. xix. n. 87; Herb. Crypt. Belge, n. 676. -Authentic specimens received from M. Westendorp place it beyond doubt that my plant is the same as that found in Belgium. It is nevertheless a true Trichobasis, with evanescent peduncles to the fruit, and cannot belong to Uredo as that genus is now understood.

* TRICHOBASIS RHAMNI, Cooke in Seem. Journ. Bot. ii. p. 344; Micro. Fungi, p. 210.-- Since the accounts quoted were published, I have found a Puccinia, mixed with Trichobasis, on the same leaves, which cannot be distinguished from Puccinia prunorum, Lk. Therefore this cannot be maintained as a distinct species.

18. TRICHOBASIS FALLENS. Spots obliterated. Sori amphigenous, numerous, scattered, subrotund, brown, surrounded by the remains of the ruptured epidermis. Spores subovate, pedicels short, hyaline, evanescent; epispore verrucose.-Uredo fallens, Desmz. Ann. des Sc. Nat. ser. 3. iii. p. 357; Pl. Crypt. Exs. ed. i. n. 1325. ed. ii. n. 725.—. On leaves of clover, etc., Sept. 1865. Neatishead, Norfolk, and elsewhere. On Vicia sepium, intermixed with the Puccinia hereafter described, near Liverpool (R. G. M'Leod).-Though this is undoubtedly nothing more than the Uredo-form of Puccinia fallens, I have preferred assigning it a name until a revision of the whole of this Order takes place, and the forms under which the same species occurs cease to be designated by different names, and become associated together under their proper designation.

19. PUCCINIA FALLENS, n. sp.; maculis obliteratis ; soris amphigenis, paucis, sparsis, rotundatis; sporidiis obovatis, longe pedicellatis, fulvis, vix constrictis, episporio lævi.-On Vicia sepium, near Liverpool, autumn, 1865 (R. G. M'Leod). Sori few and small, scattered, intermixed with pustules of Trichobasis. Sporidia obovate, on rather long pedicels of a tawny colour, and slightly constricted at the septum. Epispore smooth.-Apparently not common, and as far as I can ascertain, undescribed.

20. PUCCINIA VIRGAUREA, Lib. Spots orbicular, pallid, then yellowish. Sori blackish-brown, minute, punctiform, shining, clustered, nearly stellate, convex. Sporidia oblong, subconstricted, yellowishbrown above, attenuated and yellowish-white below. Peduncles short. —Libert, Pl. Exs. n. 393; Corda, Icones Fung. iv. t. 5. f. 42. Rabh. D. Krypt. Fl. p. 24; Cooke, Fungi Brit. Exs. n. 45. Dothidea solidaginis, B. Fr. S. M. ii. p. 362. Xyloma, De Cand. Mém. du Mus. d'Hist. Nat. t. 3. f. 12. Asteroma atratum, Chev. Fl. Par. p. 449.On leaves of Solidago Virgaurea. Shere, August, 1865 (Dr. E. Capron). -A very distinct and interesting species.

21. PUCCINIA DISCOIDEARUM, Lk. Spots obliterated. Sori subrotund, minute, surrounded by the remains of the ruptured epidermis. Sporidia brown, oblong or ovoid, somewhat rhomboidal, with both cells attenuated and triangular, peduncles elongated.-Link, Sp. Pl. ii. p. 73; Corda, Icones Fung. iv. t. 4. f. 43; Cooke, Fungi Brit. Exs. n. 35. P. Tanaceti, De Cand. Fl. Fr. ii. p. 222; Fuckel, Fungi Rhen. Exs. n. 341. P. Absinthi, De Cand. Fl. Fr. vi. p. 58. P. Arte