(d) Special studies.-The amount of $300,000 is requested for prosecution of two studies during fiscal year 1968. This amount will permit progress on two reports. Tentative allocations by studies follow:

Water levels of the Great Lakes, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, New York,
Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the various factors that affect the
fluctuations of the levels of the Great Lakes, as well as to investigate the feasibility
of regulating the lake levels. The study is being accomplished by the International
Joint Commission of Canada and the United States with assistance of various
governmental agencies and departments. The study area is the drainage basin
of the Great Lakes, 295,000 square miles in extent, 59 percent of which lies in the
United States. The extremes of levels of these lakes have had adverse effects on
navigation of the lakes and on adjacent shore property. The problem is particu-
larly severe on Lakes Michigan, Huron, and Erie, which are now unregulated.
Lakes Superior and Ontario now have regulatory works at their outlets which are
operated under the authority of the International Joint Commission. Hydro-
electric power is generated from the lake outflows at the St. Marys, the Niagara,
and the St. Lawrence Rivers. By further regulation of the Great Lakes to modify
the extremes of stage, it may be possible to increase the dependable flows available
for the generation of hydroelectric power at Niagara. The technical results of a
recent study by the Corps of Engineers on water levels of the Great Lakes, which
considers the regulation of the lake levels and outflows from the standpoint of
U.S. interests, has been made available for this International Joint Commission

study.

GL-SL

Tentative

allocation, fiscal year 1968

Additional
to complete
after fiscal

year 1968

$802, 000

$80,000

$166,000

$200,000

$356,000

(e) Comprehensive basin studies.-The amount of $924,000 is requested for prosecution of four studies during fiscal year 1968. This amount will permit progress on two reports and initiation of work on two reports.

Tentative allocations by studies follow:

966, 000

85,000

881,000

S-R.

537,000

0

108,000

429,000

vania, and Wisconsin. Great Lakes region, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsyl| GL-SL..

The drainage area of the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence system, to the international
boundary, is about 295,000 square miles, 60 percent of which is in the United States,
The Great Lakes system is about 4,000 miles long and has a water surface area of
about 95,000 square miles, of which about 61,000 square miles are in the United
States, The counties of the Great Lakes Basin in the United States have a total
land area of about 132,000 square miles, of which 67,000 (51 percent) are in farms.
The total population of the counties in the basins was 26,000,000 in 1960 or about 15
percent of the U.S. total. Significant basin water resource problems, existing and
anticipated in the future, include most of those resource problems normally associ-
ated with water; inadequate water supplies and deterioration of surface and ground
water quality, flood damages and inadequate drainage, adverse operating
effects of hydroelectric plants, lack of sufficient water for irrigation of crops
and other needs, and lack of watershed erosion control. Solutions to these
problems must be approached on a comprehensive basis, with all beneficial and
adverse effects considered. This framework study will provide guides whereby
more detailed subbasin and project plans can be prepared with an assurance that
these detailed plans fit into the general overall plan for development of the Great
Lakes region.

Souris-Red region, North Dakota and Minnesota..

The study will furnish a general appraisal of overall water and related land re-
source needs and guide to further detailed planning. It will include projects of
economic development, translation of such projections into demands for water and
related land resource uses, hydrologic projects of water availability both as to quan-
tity and quality, and projections of related land resource availability so as to out-
line the characteristics of projected water and land resource problems and the gen-
eral approaches that appear appropriate for their solution. In addition, it will in-
dicate which of the subbasins within the study area have water problems calling
for prompt detailed planning efforts as well as those where no such problems are
current or looming.