Actually, this figure may make the outlook for the use of titanium for supersonic transports, as we are thinking about them today. gloomier than it really is, because 650° F. is hotter than even a mach 3 airplane will get, and the corrosion suscepibility decreases rapidly as temperatuers are decreased. But sooner or later we will want to use titanium in airframe structures at temperatures even higher than 650° F., and this matter of corrosion will be a real roadblock. Our research on this problem is taking several different routes with somewhat different immediate objectives. Work ranges from studies of the fundamental physics and electro-chemistry of corrosion to practical "fixes" that could minimize or avoid the problem. For example, one of the ways we are using to try to find out how corrosion takes place on the atomic level is by corroding samples with radioactive salt, and then following the "tagged" atoms through the corrosion process. We are also testing the many different commercial titanium alloys to see which ones corrode the least, and to find the temperatures and stresses where corrosion first starts. We also are looking for coatings that might be able to shield the titanium from the corrosive elements, at least for a reasonably long time. APPLIED MATHEMATICS The applied methematics program has the objective of investigating mathe matical methods applicable to relevant problems in science or engineering, some examples of which are listed in figure 209. CURRENT APPLICATIONS OF MATHEMATICS NEW REGULARIZATIONS FOR EXACT SOLUTIONS OF CERTAIN CASES MORE ACCURATE AND ECONOMICAL METHODS FOR COMPUTING ANALYSIS OF RELATIVE MERITS OF VARIOUS OBSERVING ERROR ANALYSIS TO CHECK THE FEASIBILITY OF MULTIPLE NASA RR 65-480 2-1-65 FIGURE 209 One such problem is that of mathematically describing the motion of a lunar satellite. Because the Earth is so large and close to the lunar satellite orbit, the situation is a case of the classical three-body problem, which has never been solved except approximately, and then only for special cases. If special assumptions are made that one of the three bodies (the satellite) is negligibly sinall, and that the orbit of the Moon is approximately an exact circle, the motion of the satellite can be mathematically predicted by a new regularization which has been developed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. In this method, the positions of the three bodies are transformed to an artificial coordinate system, as shown in figure 210, thus allowing exact solutions, even for collisions of the satellite with the Moon. Many physical problems require computation of solutions of differential equations, and when the equations are nonlinear and of second order, the numerical work involved may become prohibitively expensive. Hence a new method, recently perfected by mathematicians at the Marshall Space Flight Center for simpler computation of such solutions, represents great progress in mathematical economy. As summarized in figure 196, p. 441, this new Fehlberg method will compute numerical solutions, accurate to the eleventh or twelfth digit, in one-seventh the computing time of the best previously available methods. Earlier methods also developed under Marshall sponsorship, such as that of Shanks, might be more economical for accuracy to six or seven digits only, but the new Fehlberg method, being partly analytical, has extended the economy to cases where much higher accuracy up to, say, 16 digits might be required. CONCLUSION I have tried to show, through a minimum of examples of our research efforts, how the basic research program is allied with the projects and goals of NASA. Basic research is not only an interesting and fascinating activity in the field of science but, since it explains the nature and origin of physical phenomena, will influence and initiate future practical projects. Our program is dedicated to this end. Mr. HECHLER. The subcommittee will stand adjourned until 10 a.m. tomorrow. (Whereupon at 12 noon the subcommittee was adjourned to reconvene at 10 a.m. the following day, March 17, 1965.) 1966 NASA AUTHORIZATION WEDNESDAY, MARCH 17, 1965 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE AND ASTRONAUTICS, Washington, D.C. The subcommittee met at 10 a.m., in room 214-B, Longworth House Office Building, Hon. Lester L. Wolff (member of the subcommittee), presiding. Mr. WOLFF. The subcommittee will come to order. Chairman Hechler is not able to meet with the subcommittee today. He has asked me to act as chairman of the hearings on the administrative operations and for the construction items. Dr. Bisplinghoff, I welcome you back, sir. Dr. BISPLINGHOFF. Thank you. Mr. WOLFF. And Mr. Myers, as the Deputy Associate Administrator for Advanced Research and Technology, you are listed as our principal witness for today. I welcome you also. Mr. MYERS. Thank you. Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Myers, you may proceed with your summary statement, sir. Mr. MYERS. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. I think, at your pleasure, I will make a short opening statement to hit the highlights and then we can go through the budget book as you desire. Mr. WOLFF. Very well, sir. STATEMENT OF BOYD C. MYERS II, DEPUTY ASSOCIATE ADMINISTRATOR FOR ADVANCED RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY (OPERATIONS) Mr. MYERS. Mr. Chairman and members of the subcommittee, during the past few days you have heard descriptions of, and justifications for, the advanced research and technology programs. In addition to our responsibilities for the management of those programs, we also are responsible for the institutional management of the five NASA research centers and the Space Nuclear Propulsion Office. Those five Centers are: Langley, located at Hampton, Va.; Ames, located at Mountain View, Calif.; Lewis, located at Cleveland, Ohio; Flight Research Center, located at Edwards, Calif.; and the Electronics Research Center, located at Cambridge, Mass. The missions of these research Centers were explained by Dr. Bisplinghoff in his statement before the full committee. The Space Nuclear Propulsion Office (SNOP), as it is referred to, is a joint NASA-AEC office established for the purpose of managing the nuclear rocket program. The activities budgeted under the administrative operations program may be classified into two major areas; namely, housekeeping and supporting. Housekeeping activities include employees' salaries, travel, transportation, communications, and printing. Operation and maintenance of the physical plant and the automatic data processing program constitute the major activities under the supporting category. No funding is included for those requirements which are directly related to the R. & D. effort since funds for that purpose are budgeted under the agency's R. & D. appropriation. There is a close relationship, however, between the administrative operations requirements and the R. & D. program, since the AO budget provides the necessary funding for the agency's two most important resources; namely, the staff of highly competent engineers, scientists, technicians, and administra tors who define and carry out the R. & D. program, and the physical research plant of the Centers. Adequate support of this outstanding research competence with unique facilities and equipment maintained at optimum standards is a national resource of paramount importance to the space and aeronautics progress of this country. The administrative operations budget for fiscal year 1966 requests an appropriation of $177,023,000, which represents an increase of $2,021,000 over the estimated fiscal year 1965 level. The following table summarizes the personnel staffing and funding requirements for the six installations under the cognizance of the Office of Advanced Research and Technology. I have a slide that shows this summary. OFFICE OF ADVANCED RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY Under "Personnel," this represents only the "permanent positions end of year;" not included are temporaries and co-ops shown in the budget book. But you can see from a quick review, the only increase we have for personnel for these six installations is the 300 permanent employees for the Electronics Research Center. At the end of fiscal year 1965 our permanent employment will be 12,209; fiscal year 1966, 12,509. Under "Funding," you will see that Langley is up from $57 to almost $62 million; Ames is up from $31.7 to $32.3 million; the Lewis |