Engineering.

Bio and physical sciences.

Arts and social sciences.

Management.

Academy instructors and special research instructors.

Meteorology.

Medical.

(2) Officers attending civilian institutions can earn college degrees provided they meet the degree requirements of the institutions attended and the program pursued is degree worthy.

(3) Officers input into this program was 1,085 in fiscal year 1959, exclusive of medical personnel.

(c) Foreign language training.

(1) Intensive foreign language training against Air Force requirements is provided for both officers and airmen to qualify them to perform their duties more efficiently.

(2) Instruction is accomplished primarily in civilian institutions. students are trained at Government-operated schools.

Some

(3) Personnel who attended civilian institutions may earn college degrees provided they meet the degree requirements of the institution concerned. (4) Input in fiscal year 1959 was 135 officers and 1,298 airmen. (d) Training-with-industry program.

(1) The Air Force industrial-training program has been developed to train selected officers either in the management or in the operational aspects of industrial operation.

(2) The primary objective of the management program is to improve Air Force contractor relationships by acquainting officers with the characteristics of American industry, and the specialized procedures, skills, and processes which contribute to the high degree of efficiency. The operational program, on the other hand, prepares officer engineers to assume responsibilities on specific aircraft weapons systems under development.

(3) Officer input into this program was 110 in fiscal year 1959.

H. AIRMAN EDUCATION AND COMMISSIONING PROGRAM

The airman education and commissioning program began in fiscal year 1960. The quota is a maximum of 388 active duty airman in the program, or 194 each fiscal year. The Air University's Institute of Technology establishes the academic eligibility requirements for the program based upon the academic fields of study specified by Headquarters USAF, and on a maximum period of 2 years for the airmen to qualify for a baccalaureate degree.

AIR FORCE EDUCATION SERVICES PROGRAM

VOLUNTARY OFF-DUTY PROGRAM

The education services program provides continuing academic, vocational, and military career educational opportunities at all levels. Participation is voluntary and is available to all officers and airmen on extended active duty.

Provisions are made for an education services office on every Air Force installation to provide counseling, enrollment, and testing services. As of September 30, 1959, there were 21 officers, 387 airmen, and 213 civilian education advisers working full-time in the education services program.

A. U.S. Armed Forces Institute (USAFI)

1. More than 200 correspondence courses are available to military personnel stationed anywhere in the world. The courses range in academic level from the elementary grades through second year college. There is wide coverage of subject matter fields. While USAFI does not award academic credit, these courses are widely accepted for credit by high schools and institutions of higher learning. USAFI forwards notification of course completion to schools upon request. The cost of an original enrollment is $5. Additional enrollments are free of charge as long as courses are successfully completed.

2. Forty-four cooperating colleges and universities provide more than 6,400 correspondence courses through USAFI. These courses are on the high school and college levels and are available anywhere in the world. The student upon successful completion receives correspondence credit for his work directly from

the college or university concerned. The military services pay the cost of lesson service for such courses. The student pays an enrollment fee and for the textbooks and materials used.

3. USAFI provides testing services on the elementary, high school, and first year college level. These permit the serviceman to progress at an accelerated rate, depending on his ability and past experiences. USAFI tests are widely accepted by civilian schools for academic credit. This is especially true of the general educational development (GED) tests used to measure achievement for both high school equivalency and first-year college levels. During fiscal year 1959 there were 38,462 high school GED tests and 20,435 college GED tests administered to Air Force personnel.

4. During fiscal year 1959 there were 46,481 airman and 5,448 officer enrollments in USAFI correspondence courses. There was an overall decrease of 18,117 from fiscal year 1956. The decrease in correspondence courses appears to be due to the dramatic increase in enrollments in civilian school classes during the same period.

B. Group study classes

1. Group study classes are organized on Air Force installations when needed and when there are 10 or more military personnel who desire to enroll. They range from elementary school through second-year college levels.

2. USAFI and BCI texts and end of course tests are recommended for use when available. When these materials are used, concurrent enrollment in the USAFI or ECI course is required. The credit earned is accepted by civilian schools for credit in approximately the same manner as are USAFI correspondence courses. During fiscal year 1959 there were 98,676 airman and 6,528 officer enrollments in group study classes.

C. Civilian school classes

1. Air Force personnel attend night classes offered on or near Air Force installations by accredited high schools, colleges, and universities. These classes are offered both in the United States and overseas. During calendar year 1959, a total of 124 high schools and 321 institutions of higher learning offered night classes which were attended by Air Force personnel. This program is preponderantly at the college level.

2. The following colleges and universities offer on-base night courses in over

sea areas:

(a) University of Maryland, Europe; north Africa; Near East; Far East (Japan, Korea, Okinawa, Guam, and Foremosa); North Atlantic (New Foundland, Greenland, Iceland, Bermuda, and the Azores).

(b) Florida State University, Puerto Rico and Panama Canal Zone.

(c) University of Hawaii, Hawaii.

(d) University of the Philippines, Philippine Islands.

(e) University of Alaska, Alaska.

3. Approximately 90 percent of these college-level classes provide full degreegranting credit transferable in the same manner as credits earned on the school campuses. The remainder provide "extension" credit, ordinarily transferable in limited quantities.

4. In fiscal year 1959, there were 86,919 airman and 28,063 officer enrollments in these classes. During fiscal year 1959, 74 airmen and 276 officers earned college degrees during off-duty time. In addition, 13,456 diplomas or certificates of equivalency were earned and 2,186 elementary certificates were attained. D. Final semester temporary duty

1. Air Force personnel who have acquired sufficient academic credits so they can complete degree requirements within 6 months or less are eligible to apply for final semester temporary duty at the college of their choice. Officers and airmen who are approved for this program draw full pay and allowances while attending school, but pay their own costs of tuition, books, supplies, and fees. During fiscal year 1959, 91 airmen and 431 officers earned degrees through the final semester temporary duty program.

E. Participation rates

New enrollments, tests administered, and diplomas and degrees earned in the education services program are shown in tab A. Total participation figures are recorded by fiscal years. New enrollments and degrees and certificates earned during fiscal year 1959 only are shown in tab B. Total participation figures are divided into officer and airman categories.

NOTE. Records indicate the following percentages of enrollment: USAFI: 10.5 percent officers, 89.5 percent airmen: group study classes, 6.2 percent officers, 93.8 percent airmen; civilian school classes, 24.4 percent officers, 75.6 percent airmen.

USAF MILITARY AND TECHNICAL TRAINING

The USAF military and technical training requirements are accomplished through an integrated training program of formal and on-the-job training conducted or supervised by Air Force commands and other governmental agencies. Training requirements are developed and directed primarily toward meeting the needs of the service.

The formal military and technical training is administratively subdivided into the following general types of training advantages:

1. Basic military training.

2. Basic technical training.

3. Advanced technical training.

4. Specialized training.

Attachment 1 contains descriptive data concerning officer technical training programs. Attachment 2 contains descriptive data concerning airman training.

[Attachment 1]

OFFICERS

1. Technical training schools

(a) Objective: To provide instructions in the performance of technical tasks or functions and in the supervision of airmen technicians.

(b) Scope: Examples of this type of training at technical schools are: Aircraft and missile maintenance, communications and electronics, aircraft control and warning, armament and nuclear weapons, supply, comptroller, personnel, and administrative training.

(c) Location of schools: Technical: Amarillo Air Force Base, Tex.; Chanute Air Force Base, Ill.; Keesler Air Force Base, Miss.; Lackland Air Force Base, Tex.; Sheppard Air Force Base, Tex.; Lowry Air Force Base, Colo.; and Tyndall Air Force Base, Fla.

(d) Number of graduates, fiscal year 1959: Basic, 2,512; advanced, 1,608. 2. Special technical schools

(a) Objective: This type of training is to provide instruction to experienced officer personnel on specialized equipment and/or functions. It is responsive to short-range one-time training requirements related to new operational procedures and equipment. This training need is satisfied within Air Force resources or when necessary through contract training by equipment manufacturers.

(b) Scope: Examples of types of training are electronic systems, maintenance and repair of missile and aircraft components, operation of electronic data processing equipment.

(c) Location of training: At all bases enumerated above, and at facilities of various systems and subsystem manufacturers.

(d) Number of students: 2,522.

3. Flying training

(a) Objective: To train selected aviation cadets and officers in the methods and techniques necessary to pilot and navigate military aircraft.

(b) Scope: Examples of training includes flight instruction, aerodynamics, navigation, gunnery, and engineering.

(c) Location of schools: (1) Pilot: Walden Airbase, Mo.; Webb Air Force Base, Tex.; Spence Airbase, Ga.; Reese Air Force Base, Tex.; Bainbridge Airbase, Ga.; Laredo Air Force Base, Tex.; Bartow Airbase, Fla.; Greenville Air Force Base, Miss.; Graham Airbase, Fla.; Vance Air Force Base, Okla.; Moore Air Force Base, Tex.; Craig Air Force Base, Ala.; (2) Navigator: Harlingen Air Force Base, Tex.; James Connally Air Force Base, Tex. (d) Number students entering training: 5,100.

[Attachment 2]

AIRMAN TRAINING

1. Military training

(a) Objective: Each Air Force enlistee is given a period of recruit training designed to teach him the basic fundamentals of becoming an airman. This training is oriented entirely toward the enlistee's transition from civilian to airman.

2. Technical training

(a) Objective: This type of training is to provide instruction to airmen personnel on the maintenance and operation of Air Force equipment and the procedures for performing complex Air Force tasks.

(b) Scope: Examples of this type training are communications and electronics, aircraft and missile maintenance, supply, personnel, atomic weapons, air traffic control and warning, data processing, accounting, and utilities.

(c) Location of training: Amarillo Air Force Base, Tex.; Chanute Air Force Base, Ill.; Keesler Air Force Base, Miss.; Lackland Air Force Base, Tex.; Lowry Air Force Base, Colo.; Sheppard Air Force Base, Tex.

(d) Number of graduates, fiscal year 1959: Basic 45,557; advanced 11,819.

3. Special technical schools

(a) Objective: To provide instruction to experienced airmen on new equipment and/or functions where a short-range one-time requirement exists which cannot be satisfied by the normal technical training system.

(b) Scope: Examples of this type training are primarily in the area of new communication-electronics systems and missiles.

(c) Location of training: At all bases enumerated above, and at facilities of various systems and subsystem manufacturers.

(d) Number of graduates, fiscal year 1959: 21,047.

Mr. HALEY. May I say to the members of the committee, yesterday in connection with a question I propounded to the distinguished junior Senator from Texas, he gave us an answer which I thought at that particular time was in error. The distinguished Senator has had a little time to reflect on it and do a little research. He has addressed a letter this morning to the chairman of the full committee in explanation of his response to the question, which he admits was in error. And I ask unanimous consent that it be made a part of the record immediately after the response of the distinguished Senator and also at this point.

Mr. ADAIR. Which question was that, Mr. Chairman? What did it relate to?

Mr. DORN (handing). The Senator did some research. Mr. HALEY. Without objection, it will be made a part of the record. (The letter from Senator Ralph W. Yarborough follows:)

Hon OLIN E. TEAGUE,

U.S. SENATE,

COMMITTEE ON LABOR AND PUBLIC WELFARE,
February 24, 1960.

Chairman, Veterans' Affairs Committee,

House of Representatives,

Washington, D.C.

DEAR CHAIRMAN TEAGUE: On reviewing the statement that I presented to your committee yesterday, I find that one statement which I made as to the present provisions of the bill was in error. In our discussions of the preservation of readjustment benefits for those reenlisting, I stated that the rights would be preserved for the first reenlistment only, whereas the bill as finally passed by the Senate provides that readjustment benefits would be preserved for the duration of a period of continuous service in the Military Establishment.

The provision arose as a result of an amendment offered by Senator Prouty during committee consideration of the bill, and it was decided by the committee to accept generally the provisions desired by the Defense Department. Although it was my original intent that this should apply only to the first reenlistment, during the subsequent negotiations and final drafting of the amendment on this point by Senator Prouty's office, Fred Blackwell, our committee counsel, and representatives of the Defense Department, the Defense Department insisted on the language as it now appears.

I regret that I did not recall this variance between my intent and this amendment as actually adopted during my testimony yesterday, and am sending you this letter to correct any misunderstanding that may arise as a result thereof. I would be grateful if you would call the contents of this letter to the attention of the members of your committee.

Sincerely yours,

RALPH W. YARBOROUGH.