PART XI.-INDEPENDENT ESTABLISHMENTS. (For location, see page 191.) LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. Principal administrative officials.-Librarian of Congress; Chief Assistant Librarian; Chief Clerk; Secretary; Superintendent of Reading Room; Reading Room for the Blind; Representatives' Reading Room; Chiefs of Division: Bibliography, Binding, Card Index, Catalogue, Classification Section, Documents, Legislative Reference, Mail and Delivery, Manuscripts; Maps and Charts, Music, Order, Periodical, Prints, Semitic, Slavic, Smithsonian; Law Librarian; Copyright Office: Register, Assistant Register; Building and Grounds: Superintendent, Chief Clerk, Chief Engineer, Electrician, Captain of Watch. General information and duties.-The Library of Congress was established in 1800, destroyed in 1814 by the burning of the Capitol, afterwards replenished by the purchase by Congress of the library of ex-President Jefferson, 6,760 volumes (cost, $23,950); in 1851, 35,000 volumes destroyed by fire; in 1852, partially replenished by an appropriation of $75,000; increased (1) by regular appropriations by Congress; (2) by deposits under the copyright law; (3) by gifts and exchanges; (4) by the exchanges of the Smithsonian Institution, the library of which (40,000 volumes) was, in 1866, deposited in the Library of Congress with the stipulation that future accessions should follow it. One hundred sets of Government publications are at the disposal of the Librarian of Congress for exchange, through the Smithsonian, with foreign Governments, and from this source are received about 12,000 volumes annually. Number of books.-The collection is now the largest on the Western Hemisphere and the third in the world. It comprised at the end of the fiscal year (June 30, 1917) about 2,537,922 printed books and pamphlets (including the law library of 180,608 volumes, which, while a division of the Library of Congress, still remains at the Capitol), 158,480 maps and charts, 795,749 pieces of music, and 397,945 photographs, prints, engravings, and lithographs. It includes various special collections eminent in their respective fields. Manuscripts.-The collection of manuscripts, touching every period of American history, includes the papers of nine of the Presidents and the records of the Continental Congress, with numerous other important groups-political, military, naval, and commercial. Smithsonian.-The Smithsonian deposit is rich in scientific works, and includes the largest assemblage of the transactions of learned societies which exists in this country. Building. In 1897 the main collection was removed from the Capitol to the building erected for it under the acts of Congress approved April 15, 1886; October 2, 1888, and March 2, 1889, at a cost of $6,347,000 (limit by law, $6,500,000), exclusive of the land, which cost $585,000. The building occupies 34 acres, upon a site 10 acres in extent, at a distance of 1,270 feet east of the Capitol, and is the largest library building in the world. In the decorations some 40 painters and sculptors are represented-all American citizens. The floor space is 430,255 square feet, or nearly 10 acres. Bookstacks. The bookstacks, including the new stack built over the southeast interior court, contain a total of about 100 miles of shelving, with capacity for 3,540,000 octavo volumes of books and 84,000 volumes of newspapers. Librarian.-The Librarian of Congress and the Superintendent of the Library Building and Grounds are now appointed by the President of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate (act of 1897). The employees of the library proper are appointed by the librarian and those of the building and grounds by the superintendent, under the act of 1897, which provides that they shall be appointed "solely with reference to their fitness for their particular duties." Interlibrary loans.-While not a lending library, but primarily and essentially a reference library, the Library of Congress maintains an interlibrary system, by which special service is rendered to scholarship by the lending of books to other libraries for the use of investigators engaged in serious research which it is not within the power or duty of the library in question to supply. Publications. The publications issued by the library are numerous, and include: Annual reports, showing the progress of the library. Bibliographies, exhaustive statements of the literature of certain subjects, e. g., Philippine Islands. Reference lists, containing principal references to questions of current interest, e. g., trusts, subsidies, railroads. Catalogues, lists of special collections in the Library of Congress, e. g., Hubbard collection of engravings, Thacher collection of incunabula, Washington MSS., John Paul Jones MSS., maps of America, newspapers. Special publications on library methods, e. g., catalogue rules, classification, etc. Legislative reference.—A small annual lump-sum appropriation, first available July 1, 1914, provides for a certain amount of research in the library for "data for or bearing upon legislation" needed by Congress or by its committees or Members, and for translations, digests, and compilations incorporating the results of this research. Copyright Office.-The Copyright Office is a distinct division of the Library of Congress. It is under the immediate charge of the Register of Copyrights, who, by the act of March 4, 1909, is authorized, "under the direction and supervision of the Librarian of Congress," to perform all the duties relating to copyrights. Copyright registration was transferred to the Librarian of Congress by the act of July 8, 1870. Of most articles copyrighted two copies, and of some one copy, must be deposited to perfect copyright. A selection of these is placed in the library collections. Books, maps, musical compositions, photographs, periodicals, and other articles so deposited numbered, during the fiscal year 1916-17, 195,627 articles. Copyright fees applied and paid into the Treasury for the fiscal year 1916-17 amounted to $110,077.40. Recent publications are: Dramatic compositions copyrighted in the United States, 1870-1916; decisions of the United States courts involving copyright, 1914–1917. Hours. On week days (except legal holidays) the library building, Senate and House reading rooms, main reading room, periodical reading room, and law library are open from 9 a. m. to 10 p. m.; other parts of the library from 9 a. m. to 4.30 p. m. On Sundays and certain legal holidays the building, main reading room, periodical reading room, division of prints, music division, and maps division are open from 2 to 10 p. m., the librarian's office and the office of the chief clerk from 2 to 6 p. m. General publications.-The list of topics of bibliographies is as follows: Continental Congress journals. law. Copyright. Corporations. See Federal control of commerce and corporations. Cost of living and prices (reference Crittenden papers (calendar). District of Columbia libraries (hand- Dramatic music (catalogue). Early music (before 1800). Catalogue. Eight-hour working day (reference Eighteenth century American newspapers (checklist). Election (Corrupt practices). (Reference list.) Embargoes of the United States. Embossed type (books for blind). Employers' liability and workmen's compensation (reference list). Engravings. See Hubbard collection. Europe and international politics (reference list). Far East (reference list). Federal control of commerce and cor- Foreign government (list of maps). Foreign tariff (reference list). See Foster, S. G. First editions of music (catalogue). Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments (reference list). French alliance in American Revolu tion (reference list). Franklin papers (list). Genealogies (catalogue of American General works (classification). Geography, American (classification). Government ownership of railroads "Hail Columbia (report). Hawaii (reference list). History, American (classification). History (auxiliary sciences). (Classification.) History (universal and Old World). History of the Library of Congress. Impeachment (reference list). Income and inheritance tax (reference Incunabula. See Thacher collection. Injunctions in labor disputes. See Insurance (Government regulation). International and Continental law (bibliography). Japanese prints. John Paul Jones manuscripts (calendar). Kohl collection. List of maps relating Labor and strikes (reference list). Law (headings for a subject cata- "The Library of Congress." Literature (classification). Lowery collection. List of maps of the Manners and customs (classification). Manuscripts in Library of Congress (handbook). Manuscripts (care). Military science (classification). Monetary question (reference list). Music (classification). Naval records in American Revolution (calendar). Naval science (classification). Negro question (reference list). Negro suffrage. See Fourteenth and Opera librettos (before 1800). Cata- Orchestral music (catalogue). Periodicals in District of Columbia Philippine Islands (list of maps). Philippines (occupation by Americans). Philosophy (classification). Plant industry (classification). Political science (classification). Popular election of Senators. See Sen- Porto Rico (reference list). Postal savings bank (reference list). Railroads (reference list). Railroads (valuation and capitaliza- Reciprocity with Canada (reference Referendum. See Initiative. Science (classification). Senators (popular election). (Reference list.) Social groups (classification). Subject headings used in dictionar catalogues of the Library of Cor gress. Subsidies (mercantile marine). erence list.) (Re Sugar (economic aspects). (Referenc Supreme Court (reference list). Tariff in foreign countries (referenc Technology (classification). Thacher collection of incunabula. Trusts (reference list). United States at war: Organization Washington, D. C. (list of maps). Washington correspondence with the officers (calendar). Washington manuscripts (calendar). Water rights (reference list). Waterways. See Deep waterways. Workingmen's list). (Reference list.) insurance (reference Workmen's compensation. See Employer's liability. Method of distribution of general publications.—With a few exceptions, the Library of Congress limits the free distribution of its publications to libraries and institutions; individuals may, however, obtain copies by purchase from the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, at merely nominal prices. Annual and other periodical publications.-(a) Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress. The Annual Report summarizes the general activities of the library--the appropriations and expenditures and the work of the several divisions including the Copyright Office, special attention being given to new undertakings. Free distribution to libraries; copies also sold by the Superintendent of Documents. (b) Monthly List of State Publications. This is a periodical list of current documents received from the States, territories, and insular possessions of the United States. Copies sent free to State offices and contributing bureaus as acknowledgement of material received, and one copy of each issue is deposited free of charge in each State library. The Superintendent of Documents has charge of the subscription lists for the sale of the publication at 50 cents a year. (c) List of American Doctoral Dissertations. (Annual.) An annual list of every thesis printed either separately or in another publication, during the calendar year beginning with 1912, acquired, classified, and catalogued by the Library of Congress. List of publications.-A list of Library of Congress publications is published annually. A monthly list is not published. Mailing lists.-Free mailing lists are maintained for the distribution of Library of Congress publications to other libraries, institutions, and learned societies. Maps.-The list of maps published by the library are enumerated under "General Publications." Correspondence.-Requests for publications should be addressed to the Librarian of Congress. All requests for the purchase of publications should, however, be made direct to the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. Remittance should accompany the request. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. Principal administrative officials.-Public Printer, Deputy Public Printer, Chief Clerk, Purchasing Agent, Accountant, Congressional Record Clerk, Superintendent of Work, Assistant Superintendent of Work (Night), Foreman of Printing and Assistant Superintendent of Work (Day), Superintendent of Documents. General information and duties.-The Public Printer has charge of and manages the Government Printing Office. Directly or through his principal officers he makes all purchases, disburses all money, appoints all officers and employees, wraps, mails, and dispatches publications for public distribution, and exercises general supervision over the affairs of the office. The Deputy Public Printer acts as chairman of boards to examine and report on paper and material purchased, and also of a board of condemnation. He has supervision over the buildings and property and the care of the stores, and performs such other duties as are required of him by the Public Printer. In case of the death, resignation, absence, or sickness of the Public Printer he performs the duties of the Public Printer. The Chief Clerk has direct charge of the personnel of the office, is charged with the detail of all matters in connection with appointments, promotions, or transfers, and has charge of the general correspondence and care of the files. The Purchasing Agent has direct charge of all purchases; prepares all schedules of material and supplies and all proposals, and receives the bids; supervises the work of drawing contracts and orders for paper, material, machinery, and supplies; and acts as the legal adviser of the Public Printer in matters relating to the public printing and binding. The Accountant has charge of the keeping of the accounts of the Public Printer with the Treasury Department, of the accounts with the several allotments of the appropriation, of the time of employees, of the property records, prepares for the signature of the Public Printer pay rolls and vouchers requiring the payment of money, renders bills for work done, and keeps all other accounts. The Congressional Record Clerk has charge of the Congressional Record at the Capitol, and acts as the Public Printer's representative in furnishing information and estimates to Senators, Representatives, and Delegates. The Superintendent of Work has direct charge of all the manufacturing divi sions of the office. The Assistant Superintendent of Work (night) has immediate charge of the manufacturing divisions at night. The Foreman of Printing and Assistant Superintendent of Work (day) has immediate charge of the composing and foundry sections and branch printing offices. He also assists the Superintendent of Work in the supervision of the manufacturing divisions during the day. The general supervision over the distribution of all public documents except those printed for the use of the two Houses of Congress and for the executive departments. He is required to prepare a comprehensive index of public documents, a consolidated index of congressional documents, and a monthly catalogue. He is authorized to sell at cost any public document in his charge the distribution of which is not specifically directed. division of the Superintendent of Documents. A complete reference library of Government documents is maintained in the General publications. Style Book, Type Book, The Making of a Book, Monotype Manual, Monotype Faces, Bill Style Book. Method free only in tendent of Documents at 15 cents a copy, paper bound, or 30 cents a copy, fery small quantities, except the Style Book, which is sold by the Superin cloth bound. Annual and other periodical publications.—Annual Report of the Public Printer. Detailed report of the various operations of the Government Printing Office, including itemized statements of all moneys expended, amount of work performed, etc., during the fiscal year ending June 30. small quantities from the office of the Public Printer. Distributed free in Chief Clerk, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. Requests for the Correspondence.-Requests for the free publications should be addressed to Style Book should be addressed to Superintendent of Documents accompanied by remittance. |