FIGURE 144.10-40 (f) (1) (2) Type II. Metal uprights in accordance with Table 144.10-40 (f) (2). Vertical angle bars shall be connected at head and heel to the tank top, tunnel top. deck beams, and hatch webs by angle lugs having two %-inch bolts in each angle bar upright and equivalent fastenings to tanktop, tunnel top, deck beams, and hatch webs. The vertical angle bars shall be bolted together through the shifting boards by %-inch bolts not more than 4 feet apart. Bee figure 144.10-40 (f) (2) for illustration with overlap of shifting boards. TABLE 144.10-40 (f) (2) (g) Wood uprights shall be supported by steel wire rope stays set up at the ship's side, or by wood shores securely heeled against the permanent structure of the ship, or by other approved means. § 144.10-50 Shores. (a) All wood shores shall be of good sound timber in a single piece. Spliced shores shall not be used. (b) The vertical spacing of wood shores shall be as follows: (1) Except as provided in § 144.10-40 (c), the uppermost shore shall be not more than 7 feet below the top of the upright and succeeding shores shall be spaced 7 feet apart measured vertically from the uppermost shore downwards, except that a distance of 8 feet may be allowed between the lowest shore and the heel support. (2) Shores may be heeled on the tanktop or ceiling provided the heels are secured by cleats or cants and efficiently braced against the permanent structure (3) Shores shall not be heeled directly against the ship's side plating. (c) The sizes of wood shores shall be as set forth in Table 144.10-50 (c). TABLE 144.10-50 (c) Over 16 feet and not exceeding 20 feet. Over 20 feet and not exceeding 24 feet. Over 24 feet and not exceeding 28 feet. Over 28 feet 6x6 7 W (9" shifting boards) 11 819 x 33 x 0.38 8' (9" shifting boards) 14 45 x 33 x 0.44 11' (234" shifting boards) 11′ (2)4" shifting boards 11′ (215′′ shifting boards) 18' (a" shifting boards) ifting bos 13′ (a“ shifting boards) 4 x 314 x 0.42 6 x 34 x 0.40 FIGURE 144.10-40 (1) (2). 1 Securely bridged at about midlength. (d) Where the spacings of the shores or uprights are less than those prescribed by §§ 144.10-30 (b) and 144.10-50 (b), the sizes of the shores may be reduced in proportion, and where, in special circumstances, the spacings of the shores or uprights are increased, additional strength shall be provided as may be prescribed by the District Commander of the United States Coast Guard or his authorized representative. (e) Shores should normally be fitted at an angle not exceeding 10 degrees from the horizontal; where this angle is exceeded the next larger size of shore to that required by its length shall be used. The angle between any shore and the surface to be supported shall not exceed 45 degrees from the horizontal. [CGFR 65-50, 30 F.R. 17119, Dec. 30, 1965. as amended by CGFR 68-32, 33 F.R. 5721. Apr. 12, 1968] § 144.10-60 Stays. Where (a) Where uprights are secured as approved at both head and heel, one stay on each side of each upright will be accepted in holds 20 feet and under in depth, to be placed at approximately 3 of the distance below the deck. the hold is more than 20 feet deep, 2 stays on each side of each upright shall be required, the upper stays to be placed at approximately 4 of the distance be. low the deck and the lower stays at half the depth of the hold. Depths shall be measured to top of floor, inner bottom or tunnnel top. (b) Where wire stays are used the following provisions shall apply: (1) The stays shall be of at least 3inch circumference flexible steel wire rope and shall be fitted horizontally; (2) The rigging screws shall be at least 14-inch diameter and shall be fitted in accessible positions: (3) The shackles shall be at least 1 inch; (4) The eye bolts through the wood or angle bar uprights shall be at least 11⁄4 inches: (5) At least 8-inch screw bolts and nuts shall be provided as may be necessary for securing the wood uprights or steel angle bars; (6) Eye plates of at least 1 inch thickness shall be securely riveted to the side stringers or frames, or at least 1 inch shackles passed through the frames. (c) Where in accordance with § 144.20-20 shifting boards do not extend the full depth of the hold, the shifting boards and their uprights shall be supported or stayed as provided for in the regulations in this part or to the satisfaction of the District Commander of the United States Coast Guard or his authorized representative. § 144.10-70 Feeders, bins, and bulkheads. (a) Feeders, bins, and bulkheads shall be of sufficient strength to withstand the pressure of the head of grain contained therein and shall be made grain tight. When the height of the 'tween decks is greater than normal, special attention should be given to the stiffening and support of feeders and bins. (b) Wood feeders and bin bulkheads may be constructed: (1) Of planks worked vertically not less than 21⁄2-inch thickness, but where the vertical unsupported span exceeds 8 feet the thickness of the planks shall be increased, or additional stiffening fitted; or, (2) Of studding and lined with graintight boards 2 inches in thickness or two 1 inch layers of shiplap, laid horizontally with broken joints. Studding where possible shall be placed inside the hatch coamings and shall be not less than 4 inches by 6 inches on edge spaced not more than 2 feet centers. (c) Wing feeders may be constructed in a similar manner around trimming hatches. In all cases the planks at the corners shall be well secured to substantial vertical cants. (d) Where the depth of the hatch end beams or coamings exceeds 15 inches below the surface of the deck, feeding holes shall be provided to allow the grain to flow through the coamings into the hold or 'tween decks; where the depth of the coamings below the surface of the deck exceeds 15 inches and is not more than 18 inches feeding holes 2 inches in diameter shall be provided. Where the depth exceeds 18 inches feeding holes of 31⁄2-inch diameter shall be provided. Feeding holes shall be spaced approximately 2 feet apart. (e) Engine room, boiler room, stokehold bulkheads and donkey boiler recesses where subjected to heat shall be sheathed with wood and made grain tight. An air space of at least 6 inches shall be left between the bulkhead and the sheathing and a box trunk ventilator 6 inches by 8 inches shall be provided from the top of the air space to a ventilator or hatchway, or other equal and approved means of ventilation adopted. Sheathing shall be supported on vertical runners spaced not more than 2 feet centers and shall consist of 2 inch planks or two thicknesses of 1 inch boards laid to break joint. Other ap - Elevation. FIGURE 144.10-40 (f) (1) (2) Type II. Metal uprights in accordance with Table 144.10-40 (f) (2). Vertical angle bars shall be connected at head and heel to the tank top, tunnel top, deck beams, and hatch webs by angle lugs having two 8-inch bolts in each angle bar upright and equivalent fastenings to tanktop, tunnel top, deck beams, and hatch webs. The vertical angle bars shall be bolted together through the shifting boards by %-inch bolts not more than 4 feet apart. See figure 144.10-40 (f) (2) for illustration with overlap of shifting boards. TABLE 144.10-40 (1) (2) (g) Wood uprights shall be supported by steel wire rope stays set up at the ship's side, or by wood shores securely heeled against the permanent structure of the ship, or by other approved means. § 144.10-50 Shores. (a) All wood shores shall be of good sound timber in a single piece. Spliced shores shall not be used. (b) The vertical spacing of wood shores shall be as follows: (1) Except as provided in § 144.10-40 (c), the uppermost shore shall be not more than 7 feet below the top of the upright and succeeding shores shall be spaced 7 feet apart measured vertically from the uppermost shore downwards, except that a distance of 8 feet may be allowed between the lowest shore and the heel support. (2) Shores may be heeled on the tanktop or ceiling provided the heels are secured by cleats or cants and efficiently braced against the permanent structure (3) Shores shall not be heeled directly against the ship's side plating. (c) The sizes of wood shores shall be as set forth in Table 144.10-50 (c). TABLE 144.10-50 (c) Over 16 feet and not exceeding 20 feet. Over 20 feet and not exceeding 24 feet. Over 24 feet and not exceeding 28 feet. Over 28 feet 8' (2" shifting boards) 8' (2" shifting boards) 14 432 x 32 x 0.44 11' (24" shifting boards). 8 3 x 3 x 0.38 11' (234" shifting boards) 11' (214" shifting boards). 13' (3" shifting boards). 13' (3" shifting boards). 11 13′ (3" shifting boards). 14 4 x 34 x 0.42 6 x 31 x 0.40 FIGURE 144.10-40 (f) (2). 1 Securely bridged at about midlength. (d) Where the spacings of the shores or uprights are less than those prescribed by §§ 144.10-30 (b) and 144.10-50 (b), the sizes of the shores may be reduced in proportion, and where, in special circumstances, the spacings of the shores or uprights are increased, additional strength shall be provided as may be prescribed by the District Commander of the United States Coast Guard or his authorized representative. (e) Shores should normally be fitted at an angle not exceeding 10 degrees from the horizontal; where this angle is Where (a) Where uprights are secured as approved at both head and heel, one stay on each side of each upright will be accepted in holds 20 feet and under in depth, to be placed at approximately 3 of the distance below the deck. the hold is more than 20 feet deep, 2 stays on each side of each upright shall be required, the upper stays to be placed at approximately 4 of the distance below the deck and the lower stays at half the depth of the hold. Depths shall be measured to top of floor, inner bottom or tunnnel top. (b) Where wire stays are used the following provisions shall apply: (1) The stays shall be of at least 3inch circumference flexible steel wire rope and shall be fitted horizontally; (2) The rigging screws shall be at least 14-inch diameter and shall be fitted in accessible positions: (3) The shackles shall be at least 1 inch; (4) The eye bolts through the wood or angle bar uprights shall be at least 14 inches: (5) At least %-inch screw bolts and nuts shall be provided as may be necessary for securing the wood uprights or steel angle bars; (6) Eye plates of at least 1 inch thickness shall be securely riveted to the side stringers or frames, or at least 1 inch shackles passed through the frames. (c) Where in accordance with 144.20-20 shifting boards do not extend the full depth of the hold, the shifting boards and their uprights shall be supported or stayed as provided for in the regulations in this part or to the satisfaction of the District Commander of the United States Coast Guard or his authorized representative. § 144.10-70 Feeders, bins, and bulkheads. (a) Feeders, bins, and bulkheads shall be of sufficient strength to withstand the pressure of the head of grain contained therein and shall be made grain tight. When the height of the 'tween decks is greater than normal, special attention should be given to the stiffening and support of feeders and bins. (b) Wood feeders and bin bulkheads may be constructed: (1) Of planks worked vertically not less than 21⁄2-inch thickness, but where the vertical unsupported span exceeds 8 feet the thickness of the planks shall be increased, or additional stiffening fitted; or, (2) Of studding and lined with graintight boards 2 inches in thickness or two 1 inch layers of shiplap, laid horizontally with broken joints. Studding where possible shall be placed inside the hatch coamings and shall be not less than 4 inches by 6 inches on edge spaced not more than 2 feet centers. (c) Wing feeders may be constructed in a similar manner around trimming hatches. In all cases the planks at the corners shall be well secured to substantial vertical cants. (d) Where the depth of the hatch end beams or coamings exceeds 15 inches below the surface of the deck, feeding holes shall be provided to allow the grain to flow through the coamings into the hold or 'tween decks; where the depth of the coamings below the surface of the deck exceeds 15 inches and is not more than 18 inches feeding holes 2 inches in diameter shall be provided. Where the depth exceeds 18 inches feeding holes of 31⁄2-inch diameter shall be provided. Feeding holes shall be spaced approximately 2 feet apart. (e) Engine room, boiler room, stokehold bulkheads and donkey boiler recesses where subjected to heat shall be sheathed with wood and made grain tight. An air space of at least 6 inches shall be left between the bulkhead and the sheathing and a box trunk ventilator 6 inches by 8 inches shall be provided from the top of the air space to a ventilator or hatchway, or other equal and approved means of ventilation adopted. Sheathing shall be supported on vertical runners spaced not more than 2 feet centers and shall consist of 2 inch planks or two thicknesses of 1 inch boards laid to break joint. Other ap proved means of insulation may be accepted. (f) Feeders or bin bulkheads may be constructed of bagged grain: Provided, That: (1) The bags are tightly stowed and interlocked. (2) Whenever practicable the bags are so stowed as to engage firmly with the vessel's sides, bulkheads, and other convenient structures. Where this is not possible, the bagged bulkheads are to be not less than 11 feet (mean) in thickness and stepped. (3) Transverse bagged bulkheads not in way of hatchways or forming feeders but supporting grain on one side only are to be not less than 11 feet (mean) in thickness and stepped. (4) In place of bagged grain, as required by this section, cased, baled, or other suitable cargo may be used provided it is equally strongly supported and made grain-tight with strong separation cloths. § 144.10-80 Security of hatches. (a) Vessels carrying loose grain in bulk shall have suitable means of securing hatchways and other weather deck open. ings. Hatch covers and their supports shall be in good condition and properly battened down using good and sufficient tarpaulins, cleats and wedges where necessary. (a) Where the regulations in this part require a particular fitting, appliance or apparatus or type thereof, shall be fitted or carried in a ship, or that any particular provisions shall be made, the District Commander of the United States Coast Guard or his authorized representative may allow any other fitting, appliances or apparatus, or type thereof, to be fitted or carried, or any other provision to be made, if it is satisfactorily shown that such other fitting, appliance or apparatus, or type thereof, or provision is at least as effective as that required by the regulations in this part. (b) In any case where it is shown to the satisfaction of the Commandant that the use of specified loading and stowage requirements in this part are unreasonable or impracticable, the Commandant (a) The safe loading of grain, in accordance with the regulations in this part, is vitally dependent upon compartments which are treated as entirely filled, being actually well trimmed so as to fill all the spaces between the beams and in the wings and ends. It is equally important that the feeders be loaded and trimmed so as to contain at least the minimum percentage of grain required by the regulations in this part. (b) Spaces which are to be partly filled and bagged off, or equivalent. must be levelled for proper bagging. § 144.20-2 Bagged grain. (a) Bagged grain stowed in a hold, compartment or bin with loose grain in bulk shall be in sound bags, well filled and securely closed. § 144.20-10 Stowage of full holds and compartments. (a) Subject to the provisions of § 144.20-22, any hold or compartment which is entirely filled with bulk grain shall be divided either by a longitudinal bulkhead or by a shifting board in line with, or not more than 5 percent of the molded breadth of the vessel from the |