operations in a mountainous country, no work is more valuable or instructive than surveying with a plane-table. I wish all our officers (who are naturally good draftsmen) could have this training put in their way, and I see no difficulty in organizing such a system, particularly in India. Nore, Godalming, April, 1900. H. H. GODWIN-AUSTEN. MEETINGS OF THE ROYAL GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY, SESSION 1899-1900. Tenth Ordinary Meeting, April 30, 1900.-Sir CLEMENTS MARKHAM, K.C.B., President, in the Chair. ELECTIONS. Bernard F. Hall, M.A.; William Knighton S. KeavingtonWeston; Sydney de Courcey Thompson, F.Z.S.; Edmund Tydeman; Charles Hunter Ward; William Nance Williams. The PRESIDENT said: We are honoured this evening by the presence of His Majesty the King of Sweden and Norway. We do not receive him here as an august visitor, but as one of our colleagues and as one of the most illustrious of our honorary members. His Majesty is well known to us all for the interest he has always taken in geographical science, and for the liberal and enlightened way in which he has supported and encouraged expeditions for exploration and discovery in unknown countries. It has been my duty and my great pleasure to present to two subjects of His Majesty, the Queen's Royal award, after their return from dangerous and most important expeditions, which were supported and encouraged by their sovereign. But we have never before had the great honour and pleasure of receiving His Majesty here in person. I hope it may not be the last time, and in your names I offer to him a most hearty and most cordial welcome. H.M. the KING OF SWEDEN AND NORWAY: Sir Clements Markham, I beg to return my very sincere and heartfelt thanks for the greeting with which you have received me. I am happy to assist at a meeting of this learned and highly distinguished Society, of which I feel it a really great honour to be an honorary member. The PRESIDENT: We have the pleasure of welcoming here two of our foreign gold medallists, Major Wissmann and Captain Binger. You will be interested to hear that we have received the piece of wood containing the inscription which was carved on the tree under which Dr. Livingstone's heart was buried, by his African boys. The Paper read was : "Through Africa from the Cape to Cairo." By Ewart S. Grogan. Eleventh Ordinary Meeting, May 14, 1900.-Sir CLEMENTS MARKHAM, K.C.B., President, in the Chair. ELECTIONS.-Don. F. Avelino Aramayo, Bolivian Minister; Thomas Bowyer Bower, A.M. Inst. C.E.; F. W. Carey; Percy Irwin Clark; James B. Halcrow; Major Arthur E. Hay, late R.A.; Major Thomas George Johnson, I.S.C.; R. D. Oldham, Supt. Geol. Survey of India; Owen Arthur Parrack; Horatio Gibbs Powell; Colonel James Gardner Stowe, Consul-General for the United States; Robert T. Turley. The Paper read was: "The Anthropogeography of British New Guinea." By Prof. A. C. Haddon, F.R.S. GEOGRAPHICAL LITERATURE OF THE MONTH. By HUGH ROBERT MILL, D.Sc., LL.D., Librarian, R.G.S. THE following abbreviations of nouns and the adjectives derived from them are employed to indicate the source of articles from other publications. Geographical names are in each case written in full: Rev. Review, Revue. S. = Society, Société, Selskab. = G. Geography, Geographie, Geografia. Sitzb. Sitzungsbericht. = Ges. Gesellschaft. = On account of the ambiguity of the words octavo, quarto, etc., the size of books in the list below is denoted by the length and breadth of the cover in inches to the nearest half-inch. The size of the Journal is 10 × 61. A selection of the works in this list will be noticed elsewhere in the “Journal." EUROPE. Austria-Hungary-Surveys. Z. Ges. Erdk. Berlin 34 (1899): 425–445. Stavenhagen. Die geschichtliche Entwickelung des österreichischungarischen Militär-Kartenwesens Von W. Stavenhagen. A sketch of the history of the official surveys in Austria-Hungary. Belgium. B.S.R.G. d'Anvers 23 (1900): 421–441. Haulleville. De la nécessité d'une plus grande Belgique. Par M. A. de Haulleville. An appeal for the expansion of Belgian interests in China. France-Dauphiné. Annuaire Club Alpin Français 25 (1898): 101–113. A l'Obiou, quelques notes d'un touriste géologue. Par M. P. Lory. With Illustrations. France-Dauphiné. Lory. Marcheval and Guillemin. Annuaire Club Alpin Français 25 (1898): 515–543. Tournée d'un intendant dans le Haut-Dauphiné en juillet 1762, manuscrit inédit de Pajot de Marcheval, publié et annoté par M. Paul Guillemin. France-Mount Ventoux. Barrême. La Géographie du Mont-Ventoux. Mémoire présenté au Congrès de Géographie tenu en Septembre 1898 à Marseille. Par Eug. Barrême. (Extrait du Bulletin de la Société de Géographie, tome xxii., nos. 1 et 2.) Marseille, 1899. Size 10 × 64, pp. 38. Presented by the Société de Geographie, Marseilles. France-Pas de Calais. B.S.G. Lille 33 (1900): 55–63. With Map. Vermersch. Les Excursions de la Société de Géographie de Lille en 1899. Au pays de la houille. Excursion aux Mines de Bruay, 8 Juin 1899. Notes on the coalfield of the north of France. France-Pyrenees. Annuaire Club Alpin Français 25 (1898): 242-284. Amélie-les-Bains. Par M. Th. Salomé. With Illustrations. France-Var. Annuaire Club Alpin Français 25 (1898): 371-430. Petermanns M. 45 (1899): 283. La vallée du Var. Par M. Fernand Noetinger. With Illustrations. Germany. Salomé. Nætinger. Langhans. Geographische Verbreitung von Industrie und Landwirtschaft im Deutschen Reiche. (Begleitworte zu Tafel 18.) Von Paul Langhans. With Map. Germany-Meteorology. Veröffentlichungen des Königlich Preussischen Meteorologischen Instituts. Herausgegeben durch dessen Direktor Wilhelm von Bezold. Ergebnisse der Niederschlags-Beobachtungen in den Jahren 1895 und 1896. (Maps, pp. lviii., 210, and 212.) Ergebnisse der Beobachtungen an den Stationen II. und III. Ordnung im Jahre 1899 zugleich Deutsches Meteorologisches Jahrbuch für 1899 Beobachtungssystem des Königreichs Preussen und benachbarter Staaten, 1899. Heft i. Size 13 x 10, pp. 62. 1895. Heft iii. Ergebnisse der Beobachtungen an den Stationen II. und III. Ordnung im Jahre 1895 zugleich Deutsches Meteorologisches Jahrbuch für 1895 Beobachtungssystem des Königreichs Preussen und benachbarter Staaten. Berlin: A. Asher & Co., 1899. Size 13 × 10, pp. xx, and 99-314. Map. Iceland. G. Tidskrift 15 (1899): 71-87. Bruun. Arkæologiske Undersøgelser paa Island. Foretagne i Sommeren 1898 af Kaptajn Italy. Orsi. Modern Italy, 1748-1898. By Pietro Orsi. (The Story of the Nations.) London: T. Fisher Unwin, 1900. Size 8 x 5, pp. xxiv. and 401. Map and Illustrations. Price 58. Presented by the Publisher. Italy-Vesuvius. Atti R.A. Lincei Rendiconti 8 (1899): 276-281. Matteucci. Sulla causa verosimile che determinò la cessazione della fase effusiva cominciata il 3 luglio 1895 al Vesuvio. Nota del Prof. R. V. Matteucci. Mediterranean. Black. Narrative of Cruises in the Mediterranean in H.M.S. Euryalus and Chanticleer during the Greek War of Independence (1822-1826). By William Black. With an Appendix on the Climate, and Meteorological and Nosological Tables. Edinburgh Oliver & Boyd, 1900. Size 9 × 6, pp. xii. and 356. Illustrations. Price 148. net. Presented by the Publishers. In a preface, Dr. W. G. Black explains that the manuscript of a journal kept by his uncle during naval service in the Mediterranean in 1822-26 having recently come into his hands, he considered that its historical interest makes its publication advisable. Mediterranean-Crete. P.R. Artillery I. 26 (1899): 519-539. Simpson. With the International Field Force in Crete, 1897. By Major H. C. C. D. Simpson, R.A. With Map. Russia. The Russian Journal of Financial Statistics, 1900. Specimen Number. St. This new journal, published in English at St. Petersburg, is intended to supply British and American readers with accurate statistics, and a portion of this specimen number is occupied with instances of errors made in various publications in rendering Russian figures. There is no statement as to whether the Russian Journal is an official or a private undertaking. Spain-Balearic Islands. Annuaire Club Alpin Français 25 (1898): 431-452. Vuillier. La Sierra de Majorque et les nouvelles cavernes de Manacor. Par M. Gaston Vuillier. With Illustrations. Spain-Early Maps. Marcǝl. Gabriel Marcel. Les origines de la Carte d'Espagne. Extrait de la Revue Hispanique, Tome vi. Paris, 1899. Size 10 × 6, pp. 36. Map. Presented by the Author. A critical study of the maps of Spain from the thirteenth to the sixteenth centuries. Sweden-Boundaries. Ymer 19 (1899): 283-331. Studier öfver Sveriges politiska gränser. Af Rudolf Kjellén. On the political boundaries of Sweden considered historically. Kjellén. Retzius. Om de af Svenska sällskapet för antropologi och geografi föranstaltade antropologiska undersökningarna i Sverige. Af Gustaf Retzius. Anthropometric results of the measurements of Swedish recruits. 2 x Sweden-Temperature. Ymer 19 (1899): 221-242. Ekholm. Sveriges temperatur förhållanden jämförda med det öfriga Europas. Af Nils Ekholm. With Maps. On the mean atmospheric temperature of Sweden with maps of isotherms and isanomalous lines for January and July. Switzerland. Annuaire Club Alpin Français 25 (1898) 201-241. Cuënot. Oestreich. A travers le Canton d'Unterwald. Par M. Henry Cuënot. With Illustrations. Turkey-Kosovo. Abh. G. Ges. Wien 1 (1899): 327-372. Reiseeindrücke aus dem vilajet Kosovo. Von Dr. Karl Oestreich. With Map and Illustrations. Tarkey-Macedonia. Ilitscheff. Ein Beitrag zur Geographie von Makedonien. Inaugural-Dissertation der Hohen philosophischen Fakultät der Universität Leipzig zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades vorgelegt. Von Dimiter Chr. Ilitscheff. Leipzig: B. Georgi, 1899. Size 9 × 6, pp. 48. Presented by Prof. Ratzel. A monograph on the geography of the province of Macedonia, taking account of all aspects of physical and political geography. United Kingdom. Mines and Quarries. General Report and Statistics for 1899. Advance Proof (subject to correction) of the Tables relating to the Output of Coal and other Minerals and the number of persons employed at mines worked under the Coal and Metalliferous Mines Regulation Acts during the Year 1899. London, 1900. Size 13 × 84, pp. 12. Presented by the Home Office. United Kingdom-Agricultural Census. Fortnightly Rev. 67 (1900): 591–601. Bear. Suggestions for the inclusion in the schedules of the forthcoming census of headings for the more accurate determination of the status of the various elements of the agricultural population. King. United Kingdom-Channel Pilot. The Channel Pilot. Part i.-South Coast of England, originally compiled by Staff Commander John W. King, R.N. Ninth Edition. London: J. D. Potter, 1900. Size 9 × 6, pp. xx. and 450. Index Chart. Price 2s. 6d. Presented by the Hydrographer, Admiralty. United Kingdom-England. Quarterly J. R. Meteorolog. S. 25 (1899): 330–334. Mossman. The Average Height of the Barometer in London. By R. C. Mossman. Discussion of observations to complete the gaps in Mr. Eaton's monumental discussion of barometric pressure in London, and to extend these so as to take account of one hundred and twenty years. United Kingdom-Meteorology. Report of the Meteorological Council, for the Year ending March 31, 1899, to the President and Council of the Royal Society. London: Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1899. Size 10 × 6, pp. 136. Map. Price 74d. United Kingdom-Scotland. Watt. A History of Aberdeen and Banff. By William Watt. Edinburgh and London: W. Blackwood & Sons, 1900. Size 8 × 6, pp. xvi. and 438. Maps. Price 78. 6d. net. Presented by the Publishers. An interesting volume which, although accompanied by several maps, pays perhaps the absolute minimum of attention to the geographical conditions which largely guided the historical events that are recorded in its pages. United Kingdom-Scotland. Quarterly J. Geolog. S. 56 (1900): 198–204. Blanford. On a Particular Form of Surface, apparently the Result of Glacial Erosion, seen on Loch Lochy and elsewhere. By W. T. Blanford. With Illustration. This is referred to in the Journal for May, p. 530. United Kingdom-Wales. Geolog. Mag. 7 (1900): 58-61. This is referred to in the Journal for May, p. 530. Dakyns. ASIA. Asia-Historical Peoples. Rev. Scientifique 13 (1900): 173-178, 201-207. Saint-Yves. Les peuples retrouvés de l'Asie Centrale. Par M. G. Saint-Yves. The findings of this paper are discussed by M. Zaborowski in the same review, pp. 466-467. China. China. No. 1 (1900). Further Correspondence respecting the Affairs of China. London: Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1900. Size 13 x 8, pp. xxiv. and 412. Plan. Price 38. 74d. Diplomatic dispatches written during the year 1899. French Indo-China-Annam. Ngann-nann-tche-luo. Sainson. Mémoires sur l'Annam. Traduction accompagnée d'un lexique géographique et historique. Par Camille Sainson. Péking: Imprimerie des Lazaristes au Pé-t'ang, 1896. Size 10 × 64, pp. viii. and 582. Price 168. Translation of a book written in the beginning of the fourteenth century by an Annanese refugee in China, named Li Tsi. The translation is accompanied by notes and a geographical index. India. British Astronomical Association. Maunder. The Indian Eclipse, 1898. Report of the Expeditions organized by the British Astronomical Association to observe the total Solar Eclipse of 1898, January 22. Edited by E. Walter Maunder. London: Hazell, Watson, & Viney, Ltd., 1899. Size 10 × 6, pp. xii. and 172. Illustrations. Presented by W. H. Maw, Esq. Particulars of the observations of the solar eclipse of 1899 in Talni, Buxar, and Jeur. India-Baltistan. Alpine J. 20 (1900): 3-10. Bullock-Workman. With Two Pioneer Ascensions in Baltistan. By Mrs. Bullock-Workman. Illustrations. India-Bengal. List of Proceedings, etc.: Bengal, 1859-1897. Preserved in the Record Department of the India Office, London. London: Printed by Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1899. Size 13 × 84, pp. iv. and 40. Presented by the India Office. India-Himalaya. Alpine J. 20 (1900): 1-3. The Tour of Kanchinjinga. By Douglas W. Freshfield. Freshfield. Mr. Freshfield and Mr. Garwood, with the Signori Sella, left Darjeeling on September 5 last year, and made a journey round Kanchinjinga, crossing the Jongsong La, a pass of 21,500 feet, and returned to Darjeeling on October 25. India-Kashmir. Neve. Picturesque Kashmir. By Arthur Neve. Illustrated by Geoffroy W. Millais. London: Sands & Co., 1900. Size 10 x 8, pp. xvi. and 164. A graphic account of Kashmir written by a medical missionary of the Church Missionary Society. The scenic grandeur of the country is illustrated by Mr. G. W.. Millais' photographs. India-Marine Survey. Administration Report of the Marine Survey of India for the Official Year 1898–99. Size 13 × 84, pp. 18. Presented by the Surrey. India-Wrecks. Return of Wrecks and Casualties in Indian Waters for the year 1898. by Commander P. J. Falle. Calcutta, 1899. Size 13 × 84, pp. 84. Diagram. Falle. Prepared Chart and Baxendale. Indian Ocean-Christmas and Cocos-Keeling Islands. Andrews. A Monograph of Christmas Island (Indian Ocean): Physical Features and |