Now, if we were going to reduce, I would say it would take a very careful study to go over a probable decrease in percentage including all activities.

Mr. DITTER. That is exactly what I want to know, whether that can be done.

Admiral ANDREWS. I do not think so. I think Captain Yates' statement is correct. It cannot be done.

Mr. DITTER. You mean a study cannot be made?

Admiral ANDREWS. Oh, no; a study can be made, but I am trying to say that if we have an order to reduce this amount 25 percent, we will go over it carefully and see which items we could reduce that would be the least detrimental to the whole Navy. If we are going to have a 25 percent reduction in here, then I would cut all along the line, and that would probably be the most efficient way to handle the school.

Mr. DITTER. Probably we could save most by eliminating these professors that are being requested and the additional clerical help. Admiral ANDREWS. No; I do not think so, because if you are going to take students for that school, if you are going to properly instruct those students, if you are going to give them what we want to give them, and to make them specialize or to educate them along certain lines, we naturally should have adequate instruction for them.

Mr. DITTER. Then, I, as a member of the committee, am to assume there is no suggested means whereby savings can be effected in this item without the generality that it is to be a cut all along the line? Admiral ANDREWS. I think that is correct, sir. Mr. UMSTEAD. The next item is libraries.

LIBRARIES

Captain YATES. The appropriation, "Training, education, and welfare, Navy, subhead 8, Libraries," is used for the upkeep of approximately 300 libraries of ships and stations through the purchase of new books and replacement of worn ones, and for salaries of 8 professional librarians located at training stations, hospitals, navy yards, and similar stations,

The estimate for 1939 and the allocation of the appropriation for 1938 are based upon the obligations and expenditures in 1937 which figures are the latest available, and, therefore, the most reliable as an index of estimated future requirements and take into consideration the following features:

(a) Changes in operating force plan.

(b) Increase in personnel.

No increase in the estimated cost of materials in the fiscal year 1939 as compared to present prices has been allowed.

DISTRIBUTION OF ESTIMATE

Mr. UMSTEAD. The tables appearing on pages 4, 5, and 6, will be included in the record at this point.

(The tables referred to are as follows:)

1938 allocation..........

Nonrecrurring items, 1938---

1939 base.

$60,000

60, 000

1 The 1939 base provides for salaries of 8 junior librarians at navy yards and naval stations:

1 Covers the purchase of hymnals, annuals such as Jane's Fighting Ships and Brassey's Naval Annual new books, both technical and recreational, and replacement of worn-out books.

NOTE. The unexpended balance in 1936 was due to the absence of two librarians on sick leave without pay. The unexpended balance in 1937 was due to a savings made in compliance with Budget Office letter L-1-2 (1937) EN (370407), Apr. 13, 9137. Saving due to absence of one librarian on sick leave without pay.

The services of professional librarians greatly increase the usefulness of libraries, not only in direct service to the men, but in aiding them to acquire proper reading habits. Such habits assist in making men more self-reliant through education and recreation. In certain cases these librarians visit ships to advise on improvements to library service.

During the past year the average cost of all books purchased was $1.45 per copy. The total number of books loaned was 1,500,000, which means about 42,000 books were worn out since the life of a library book is 35 issues. The money appropriated for 1938 for this purpose will cover the purchase of 2,000,000 books. From the above it is apparent that libraries are wearing out faster than re placements are made. The table below shows the replacement and worn-out

books of forces afloat:

NOTE-In compliance with SecNav letr 21-2 (1938) EN(3706N), 2 July 1937, an administrative reserve as been set up with this project for 1938, in the amount of $2,000.

WELFARE AND RECREATION

Mr. UMSTEAD. The next item is welfare and recreation. Captain YATES. The appropriation "Training, education, and welfare, Navy, subhead 9, welfare and recreation." is used for the general recreation, amusement, health, comfort, and contentment of naval and Marine Corps personnel afloat and ashore, including $4,000 to supplement funds raised locally for the care and operation of schools for the children of naval and Marine Corps commissioned, enlisted, and civilian personnel attached to the Naval Stations, Samoa, Guananamo Bay, and Guam.

The estimate for 1939 and the allocation of the appropriation for 193 are based upon the obligations and expenditures in 1937. The 1937 figures are the latest available and therefore the most reliable as an index of estimated future requirements. The 1939 estimates take into consideration the following factors:

(a) Additional allotments required for ships to be newly commissioned during 1939.

(b) Increase in regular annual allotments due to increased personnel.

DISTRIBUTION OF ESTIMATE

Mr. UMSTEAD. You may insert the supporting tables in the record at this point:

(The tables referred to are as follows:)

1938 allocation____

1939 base..

$280,000 280, 000

Itemization of base for 1939, by projects, nonrecurring items deducted:

1. Funds for care and operation of schools for the children of naval and **rine commissioned, enlisted, and civilian personnel attached to Naval Stais, Samoa, Guantanamo Bay, and Guam.

2. Allotments to ships and stations in accordance with the operating force an for 1939. These allotments are expended by individual commanding cers under terms of the appropriation act for recreation, amusement, health,

comfort, and contentment of the Navy and Marine Corps; principally for such purposes as motion pictures, athletic equipment, etc. The amount requested averages $1.52 a man a year.

3. Recreational motion pictures: The annual cost of this service averages about $310,000, and the difference between this figure and the sum specifically appropriated is made up from ship's store profits and contributions from ships and stations.

NOTE. The unexpended balance in 1936 was due to transfer of $5,000 to Norfolk Training Station for overexpenditure of funds and a balance of $11,623 saved through the deferred commissioning of new construction. The unexpended balance in 1937 was due to savings effected in compliance with budget office letter L1-2(1937) EN (370407) April 13, 1937.

NOTE.-In compliance with SecNav ltr. L1-2(1935) E N (370611) July 2, 1937, an administrative reserv in the amount of $12,372 has been set up under this project.

The annual cost of this service averages about $310,000, and the differenc between this figure and the amount appropriated is made up from ship's stor profits and contributions from ships and stations in payment for motion-pictur service rendered to them.

NAVAL RESERVE OFFICERS' TRAINING CORPS

NUMBER OF UNITS MAINTAINED AT UNIVERSITIES

Captain YATES. Under section 22 of the act approved March 4, 1925 (43 Stat., p. 1276, U. S. C., title 34, sec. 821), there are six units of the Naval Reserve Officers' Training Corps maintained at the folowing universities: Yale University, New Haven, Conn.; Harvard Iniversity, Cambridge, Mass.; Northwestern University, Evanston, .: Georgia School of Technology, Atlanta, Ga.; University of California, Berkeley, Calif.; and University of Washington, Seattle, Wash.

The 1939 estimate for the six established units and the allocation of the appropriation for 1938 are based upon the obligations and expenditures in 1937, which figures are the latest available and, therefore, the most reliable as an index of estimated future requirements, and take into consideration the following factors:

(a) The number of students listed below who may be expected to form the various classes in the different units are predicated upon past experience and attrition between classes. It will be noted that the number of advanced course students estimated for 1939 is 52 more han the actual number for 1937 and 10 more than estimated for 1938. This is estimate of number of students enrolling. There is a slight attrition during the academic year, and for this reason, 490, 10 less than the 1939 estimate, is the number of advanced-course students used in computing the estimate for commuted rations. Advancedcourse students are paid commuted rations at the rate of 25 cents a lav.

The following is a table showing by classes the number estimated in each class in the six units now established:

Under the act, S. 1115, approved August 6, 1937, amending section of the act approved March 4, 1925, the authorized strength of the Naval Reserve Officers' Training Corps was increased to 2,400. It is planned to establish new units in five additional universities and to Hroll the additional 1,200 students authorized in these new units and in a few of the old units during the next 4 years, in accordance with te plan shown below.

NEW UNITS

The 1939 estimates for the establishment and maintenance of five - units and the addition of 490 N. R. O. T. C. students are based on the past expenditures and the equipment required for the present its. The number of students listed below who may be expected to 5m the various classes in the different units are predicated upon the experience and past attrition between classes in the units now ablished.