STATEMENT OF JAMES W. RAFFENSPERGER, NATIONAL PRESIDENT, NATIONAL SOCIETY OF FEDERAL ENGINEERS, SCIENTISTS, AND ALLIED PROFESSIONALS, ACCOMPANIED BY EDWARD G. BATTY, EXECUTIVE SECRETARY, AND JAMES J. CLIGGETT, PRESIDENT-ELECT Mr. RAFFENSPERGER. First, I want to thank you for inviting us to appear before you. It seems to be an annual affair to invite us to this hearing. We want to commend your committee for the work that it is doing. I am sure I would not have the patience to listen to everybody and summarize these things. I think the committee is to be commended. We are, of course, in favor of a pay raise for the congressional people and the legislative employees. We have not taken any definite step on that. We have alerted, as the previous witness has spoken, all our chapters and organizations throughout the world. We are a worldwide organization. Anything like this that comes up we will stand behind it. We are also in favor of the administration pay raise, not primarily as comparability. If you will notice in our prepared statement, we have a little newspaper item from a Philadelphia paper, "People Work Not for Money Alone." We feel comparability is fine. If we do not get the comparability and we feel we can do better elsewhere, we are at liberty to go elsewhere. We are more or less dedicated to Government work, as you gentlemen are, and we feel there must be certain things that will make it possible so we can recruit and retain the high level of professional people in the Government the same as recruit a high level of congressional people so they can serve for the U.S. Government. We ask our prepared statement be made a part of the record. PEOPLE WORK NOT FOR MONEY ALONE (By George Getze) (Special to the Washington Post from the Los Angeles Times) PHILADELPHIA, December 27.-Old-fashioned management assumes that people work first of all for pay. They don't, according to Rensis Likert, professor of sociology at the University of Michigan. Dr. Likert said today that more important than the economic motives are the "ego motive," the security motive" and plain old curiosity. He spoke before the industrial science section of the American Association of the Advancement of Science. "Ego motives" for doing a good job include the wish to feel important and valuable to the company and to the supervisor. The good boss who wants to get the most out of his department makes his workers feel wanted and appreciated, and stresses their importance to the firm or department. In short, Dr. Likert said, employees seek status before they seek money. The "security motive" is self-explanatory in that the worker wants to feel safe in his job. What many supervisors don't know, however, is that the safer a man feels in his job, the better job he'll do. Bosses sometimes think a man does better work if he feels a little insecure. Curiosity is a powerful motive for doing a good job because it satisfies the desire for new experiences and the wish to be creative. A good boss capitalizes on all these motives to get the most out of his workers. When he gives a raise he also dispenses compliments and encouragement. This does a lot more for a department's morale and production than a raise alone, a compliment alone, or soothing words of encouragement alone. Together, they work wonders. The classical or old-fashioned theories of management also place first emphasis on control-"chain of command" and the smooth downward flow of orders and information from management to employee. THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF FEDERAL ENGINEERS, SCIENTISTS AND ALLIED PROFESSIONALS, Washington, D.C., September 18, 1963. Copy of a report given before Committee on Post Office and Civil Service, U.S. House of Representatives by Legislative Section of the National Society of Federal Engineers, Scientists and Allied Professionals, Washington, D.C. Subject: Section to be added to the bill covering adjusted Federal pay schedule for 1963-64. Problem: (1) To adjust the pay scale and place the responsibility on the professionals; (2) to recruit and retain qualified people in the Federal service; (3) to promote the recognition of the professional; and (4) to assure the public that the Federal projects are being constructed by the proper professional. The National Society of Federal Engineers, Scientists and Allied Professionals, after studying the many bills introduced and from reports by qualified professionals on or near the scene of action, wish to report that the most functional of the bills would be a combination of the bills now before the committee. The society realizes that a general pay raise is in order to put the Federal employee on a level with the employees in private enterprise. From the news items labelled as quotations by the heads of most all the Federal agencies, it is quite apparent that the Federal Government is losing many qualified professionals to private enterprise, to accept better positions. This section is not just a separate category, but a method of assigning the proper responsibility according to professional ethics. Each of the 50-odd States have a method (or law) to insure the proper professional has the responsibility for each project. (The public has no way of knowing the type of professional or if the person in charge is a professional on a Federal project.) The health and welfare of the public is in jeopardy by many of the Federal projects, therefore, by the name and suffix of the person responsible, the public will be assured the project is in the hands of the proper professional. We ask that you consider this section in the nature of a benefit to the public. EDWARD G. BATTY, PE., Executive Secretary. (To be included in the bill covering the pay scale for the classified employees) A SECTION TO ESTABLISH A SYSTEM FOR THE CLASSIFICATION, COMPENSATION, AND RESPONSIBILITY OF THE PROFESSIONALS IN FEDERAL SERVICE Section: As a part of this act the U.S. Civil Service Commission shall establish a system for the classification, compensation, and responsibility of the professionals in Federal service, and for other purposes. Purpose: (1) To strengthen the national defense and further the interests of other essential programs of the Government. (2) Protect, maintain, and advance the preeminence of the United States in engineering, scientific, technological, and research and development endeavor in all professional categories; and (3) Improve efficiency, productivity, and performance in the professional engineering, physical science, technological, and research and development functions of the Government by all the professionals; it is the purpose of this section to provide for the establishment, operation, and maintenance of a system for the 23-242-63-18 classification, compensation, and responsibility of the related professionals and the positions in the Government service. (b) The system for the classification and compensation of professional engineering, scientific endeavor and the related professions shall be known as the Federal professional schedule and shall be established in such manner that it will (1) Place the Government in a more favorable position than it now occupies with respect to obtaining and retaining the quality and quantity of personnel necessary to carry out the engineering, scientific, technological, and research and development functions of the Government; (2) Attract to, and retain, in the Government service, personnel of high caliber, ability, capacity, and potential in the professional fields; (3) Offer maximum incentives for such personnel in the form of recognition, professional responsibility, compensation, promotion and advancement, career opportunities, prestige of service, and other employment benefits; (4) Provide flexibility in order to facilitate the full development and effective utilization by the Government of the education, training, experience, ability, and productive capacity of personnel; and (5) With respect to such professional engineering, science and related professions, contain and apply the principle of equal pay for substantially equal work and professional responsibility by such personnel and give effect, in terms of position classification, compensation, and professional standing of such personnel, to substantial differences (a) in the difficulty and importance of the work to be performed, (b) the degree of professional responsibility and professional skill to be exercised, (c) the scope and variety of the tasks involved, and (d) the education, training, experience, and other qualification requirements. CONVERSION SEC. 3. (a) There is established a basic compensation and classification system for Federal professionals subject to this Act which will be known as the Federal professional schedule for which the symbol shall be "FP." Basic compensation shall be paid to each employee in a position which is placed in the Federal professional schedule as follows: (b) Each position placed in the Federal profession schedule in the matter provided by this Act shall be allocated, effective on the date such position is so placed, to a grade of such schedule as follows: (c) The rate of the basic salary of each employee, including any longevity step-increase which has been earned, in effect immediately prior to the date on which his position is placed in the Federal professional schedule and allocated to a grade of such schedule in the manner provided by this Act, shall be adjusted, effective on such date, to the nearest dollar amount in the new grade which does not result in a decrease. COVERAGE SEC. 4. (a) Not later than the first day of the first pay period which begins more than six months after the effective date of this Act, the Civil Service Commission, here-in-after referred to as "The Commission" is hereby authorized and directed to place in the Federal professional schedule all positions held by professionals, as described in this Act, and for which the rates of compensation are fixed, immediately prior to this Act, by the general schedule of the Classification Act of 1949, as amended, or by Public Law 313, Eightieth Congress, as amended, and Public Law 167, Eighty-first Congress, as amended. (b) For purposes of this Act PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS A person may be registered as a Federal professional and shall sign all reports, letters or written communications clearly showing professional status with suffix showing type of professional; upon his request, who has been examined by an examining committee composed of at least five registered professionals of the same profession and found qualified according to the following: Any person of good character and repute who is a citizen of the United States, at least twenty-five years of age, and who speaks and writes the English language, if such person (1) holds a license or certificate of registration to engage in the practice of the profession issued by proper authority of a State or Territory of the United States in which the requirements and qualifications for obtaining such license or certificate of registration are reasonably equivalent to the standards set forth; or (2) holds a certificate of qualification issued by the National Bureau of Engineering Registration of the National Council of State Boards of Engineering Examiners, or a certificate of qualification issued by the National Society of Federal Engineers, Scientists, and Allied Professionals or a certificate by other professional boards, provided, however, the requirements and qualifications of said body for obtaining such certificate are reasonably equivalent to the standards set forth; or (3) has had four or more years experience in professional work of a grade or character satisfactory and indicating that he is qualified to assume responsible charge of the work involved in the practice of the profession and either holds a certificate as a professional-in-training issued to him by the proper authority of the examining boards, or by a professional board in which the requirements and qualifications of said bodies for obtaining such certificate are reasonably equivalent to the standards set forth, or is a graduate in the profession from an institution having a course in the profession of four years or more, and who, in either event, successfully passes a written, or written and oral, examination prescribed by the Examining Committee. In the case of the examination of a professional-intraining, his examination shall be directed and limited to those matters which will test the applicant's ability to apply the principles of the profession to the actual practice of the profession. In the case of an applicant who is not a professional-in-training, the examination shall be for the purpose of testing the applicant's knowledge of fundamental subjects, including mathematics and the physical sciences, and those matters which will test the applicant's ability to apply the principles of the profession to the actual practice of the profession; or (4) has completed an approved secondary school course of study or equivalent and has had twelve or more years of combined education and experience in the profession of a grade and character satisfactory to the Examiner Committee and indicating that he is qualified to assume responsible charge of the work involved in the practice of the profession, and who successfully passes a written, or written and oral, examination prescribed by the Examining Committee for the purpose of testing the applicant's knowl edge of fundamental professional subjects, including mathematics and the physical sciences, and those matters which will test the applicant's ability to apply the principles of the profession to the actual practice of the profession; or (5) submits evidence that he is a professional of established and recognized standing in the profession and that he has been lawfully engaged in the practice of the profession for twelve or more years, of which at least five years shall have been in responsible charge of important professional work of a grade and character satisfactory to the Examining Committee. A person may be registered under this subdivision without examination; or (6) submits evidence that he was engaged in the practice of the profession, prior to 1963 and for one year immediately preceding the date of his application, and submits evidence of experience in the profession of a grade and character satisfactory to the Examining Committee, indicating that he is qualified to assume responsible charge of the work involved in the practice of the profession. Registration shall not be granted under the provisions of this subdivision unless the application therefor is filed with the Civil Service Examining Committee within one year after passage of this Act. A person may be registered under this subdivision without examination. (c) The Commission shall review through a committee of professionals (five or more) of the profession involved, at least once every two years beginning with the second full calendar year after the effective date of this act, the positions placed in the Federal professional schedule under authority of this schedule, for the purpose of determining the professional responsibility and the propriety of continuing such positions in the schedule. (d) The Commission may from time to time, upon its own initiative or otherwise through a committee (five or more) of professionals of the profession involved make such studies as it deems necessary or desirable of positions in any department or agency to determine whether or to what extent additional engineering, scientific or allied professional positions should be placed in the Federal professional schedule. (e) The head of each department or agency may, from time to time in his discretion, submit to the Commission recommendations that positions under his department or agency be placed in or removed from the Federal professional schedule, accompanied by statements and a report of the committee, consisting of at least five registered professionals of the profession involved, explaining the reasons for such recommendations. The Commission shall (1) consider such recommendations and the reasons in the light of the needs and requirements of the professional responsibility of such department or agency and of the entire Government, (2) advise the head of such department or agency of its approval thereof, and (3) take such action as is necessary to carry out any such recommendations as have its approval. STEP INCREASES SEC. 5. (a) Each employee in a position subject to this Act who occupies such position under a career or career-conditional appointment and who has not attained the maximum scheduled rate of compensation for the grade of the Federal professional schedule in which his position is placed in the manner provided by this Act shall be advanced in compensation successively to the next higher rate within such grade at the beginning of the first pay period following the completion of (1) each fifty-two calendar weeks of service if such position is in grade FP 1, FP 2, FP 3, or FP 4 of such schedule, or (2) each seventy-eight calendar weeks of such service if such position is in grade FP 5, FP 6, FP 7, FP 8, or FP 9 of such schedule. (b) The term satisfactory as used in this section shall have the same meaning as when used in the systems of efficiency rating established pursuant to the Performance Rating Act of 1950. PROMOTIONS, APPOINTMENTS, TRANSFERS SEC. 6. (a) Subject to subsection (b) of this section, any new appointment to a position in the Federal professional schedule shall be a registered professional and shall be made at the minimum rate of the appropriate grade of such schedule, except as otherwise authorized by law. (b) The rate of basic compensation of any employee to whom this act applies shall be governed by regulations issued by the Commission in conformity with this Act when |