surance to Federal Deposit Insurance Corportion insur

ance.

(3) DISTRICT BANK.-The term "District bank" means any bank operating under the Code of Law for the District of Columbia.

(d) “Subsidiary”, with respect to a specified bank holding company, means (1) any company 25 per centum or more of whose voting shares (excluding shares owned by the United States or by any company wholly owned by the United States) is directly or indirectly owned or controlled by such bank holding company, or is held by it with power to vote; (2) any company the election of a majority of whose directors is controlled in any manner by such bank holding company; or (3) any company with respect to the management or policies of which such bank holding company has the power, directly or indirectly, to exercise a controlling influence, as determined by the Board, after notice and opportunity for hearing.

(e) The term "successor" shall include any company which acquires directly or indirectly from a bank holding company shares of any bank, when and if the relationship between such company and the bank holding company is such that the transaction effects no substantial change in the control of the bank or beneficial ownership of such shares of such bank. The Board may, by regulation, further define the term "successor" to the extent necessary to prevent evasion of the purposes of this Act.

(f) "Board" means the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

(g) For the purposes of this Act

(1) shares owned or controlled by any subsidiary of a bank holding company shall be deemed to be indirectly owned or controlled by such bank holding company;

(2) shares held or controlled directly or indirectly by trustees for the benefit of (A) a company, (B) the shareholders or members of a company, or (C) the employees (whether exclusively or not) of a company, shall be deemed to be controlled by such company; and

(3) shares transferred after January 1, 1966, by any bank holding company (or by any company which, but for such transfer, would be a bank holding company) directly or indirectly to any transferee that is indebted to the transferor, or has one or more officers, directors, trustees, or beneficiaries in common with or subject to control by the transferor, shall be deemed to be indirectly owned or controlled by the transferor unless the Board, after opportunity for hearing, determines that the transferor is not in fact capable of controlling the transferee.

(h)(1) Except as provided by paragraph (2), the application of this Act and of section 23A of the Federal Reserve Act (12 U.S.C. 371), as amended, shall not be affected by the fact that a transaction takes place wholly or partly outside the United States or that a company is organized or operates outside the United States.

(2) Except as provided in paragraph (3), the prohibitions of section 4 of this Act shall not apply to shares of any company organized under the laws of a foreign country (or to shares held by such company in any company engaged in the same general line of business as the investor company or in a business related to the business of the investor company) this is principally engaged in business outside the United States if such shares are held or acquired by a bank holding company organized under the laws of a foreign country that is principally engaged in the banking business outside the United States. For the purpose of this subsection, the term "section 2(h)(2) company" means any company whose shares are held pursuant to this paragraph.

(3) Nothing in paragraph (2) authorizes a section 2(h)(2) company to engage in (or acquire or hold more than 5 percent of the outstanding shares of any class of voting securities of a company engaged in) any banking, securities, insurance, or other financial activities, as defined by the Board, in the United States. This paragraph does not prohibit a section 2(h)(2) company from holding shares that were lawfully acquired before the date of enactment of the Competitive Equality Banking Act of 1987.

(4) No domestic office or subsidiary of a bank holding company or subsidiary thereof holding shares of a section 2(h)(2) company may extend credit to a domestic office or subsidiary of such section 2(h)(2) company on terms more favorable than those afforded similar borrowers in the United States.

(5) No domestic banking office or bank subsidiary of a bank holding company that controls a section 2(h)(2) company may offer or market products or services of such section 2(h)(2) company, or permit its products or services to be offered or marketed by or through such section 2(h)(2) company, unless such products or services were being so offered or marketed as of March 5, 1987, and then only in the same manner in which they were being offered or marketed as of that date.

(i) THRIFT INSTITUTION.-For purposes of this Act, the term "thrift institution" means—

(1) any domestic building and loan or savings and loan association;

(2) any cooperative bank without capital stock organized and operated for mutual purposes and without profit;

(3) any Federal savings bank; and

(4) any State-chartered savings bank the holding company of which is registered pursuant to section 408 of the National Housing Act.

(j) DEFINITION OF SAVINGS ASSOCIATIONS AND RELATED TERM. The term "savings association" or "insured institution"

means

(1) any Federal savings association or Federal savings bank;

(2) any building and loan association, savings and loan association, homestead association, or cooperative bank if such association or cooperative bank is a member of the Savings Association Insurance Fund; and

(3) any savings bank or cooperative bank which is deemed by the Director of the Office of Thrift Supervision to be a sav

ings association under section 10(1) of the Home Owners' Loan Act.

(k) AFFILIATE.-For purposes of this Act, the term "affiliate” means any company that controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with another company.

(1) SAVINGS BANK HOLDING COMPANY.-For purposes of this Act, the term "savings bank holding company" means any company which controls one or more qualified savings banks if the aggregate total assets of such savings banks constitute, upon formation of the holding company and at all times thereafter, at least 70 percent of the total assets of such company.

(m) QUALIFIED SAVINGS BANK.-For purposes of this Act, the term "qualified savings bank❞—

(1) means any savings bank (as defined in section 3(g) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act) which was organized on or before March 5, 1987; and

(2) includes any cooperative bank that is an insured bank (as defined in section 3(h) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act) and any interim savings bank that is established to facilitate a corporate reorganization, or the formation of a holding company, involving a savings bank described in paragraph (1). (n) INCORPORATED DEFINITIONS.-For purposes of this Act, the terms "insured depository institution", "appropriate Federal banking agency", "default", "in danger of default", and "State bank supervisor" have the same meanings as in section 3 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act.

(0) OTHER DEFINITIONS.—For purposes of this Act, the following definitions shall apply:

(1) ADEQUATELY CAPITALIZED.-The term "adequately capitalized" means a level of capitalization which meets or exceeds all applicable Federal regulatory capital standards.

(2) ANTITRUST LAWS.-Except as provided in section 11, the term "antitrust laws”—

(A) has the same meaning as in subsection (a) of the first section of the Clayton Act; and

(B) includes section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act to the extent that such section 5 relates to unfair methods of competition.

(3) BRANCH.-The term "branch" means a domestic branch (as defined in section 3 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act). (4) HOME STATE.-The term "home State" means

(A) with respect to a national bank, the State in which the main office of the bank is located;

(B) with respect to a State bank, the State by which the bank is chartered; and

(C) with respect to a bank holding company, the State in which the total deposits of all banking subsidiaries of such company are the largest on the later of

(i) July 1, 1966; or

(ii) the date on which the company becomes a bank holding company under this Act.

(5) HOST STATE. The term "host State" means

(A) with respect to a bank, a State, other than the home State of the bank, in which the bank maintains, or seeks to establish and maintain, a branch; and

(B) with respect to a bank holding company, a State, other than the home State of the company, in which the company controls, or seeks to control, a bank subsidiary. (6) OUT-OF-STATE BANK.-The term "out-of-State bank" means, with respect to any State, a bank whose home State is another State.

(7) OUT-OF-STATE BANK HOLDING COMPANY.-The term "out-of-State bank holding company" means, with respect to any State, a bank holding company whose home State is another State.

SEC. 8.12. [12 U.S.C. 2279aa-12] SECURITIES IN CREDIT ENHANCED POOLS.

(a) FEDERAL LAWS.

(1) APPLICABILITY OF CERTAIN FEDERAL SECURITIES LAWS.— For purposes of section 3(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, no security representing an interest in, or obligations backed by, a pool of qualified loans for which guarantees have been provided by the Corporation shall be deemed to be a security issued or guaranteed by a person controlled or supervised by, or acting as an instrumentality of, the Government of the United States. No such security shall be deemed to be a "government security" for purposes of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 or for purposes of the Investment Company Act of 1940.

(2) NO FULL FAITH AND CREDIT OF THE UNITED STATES.Each security for which credit enhancement has been provided by the Corporation shall clearly indicate that the security is not an obligation of, and is not guaranteed as to principal or interest by, the Farm Credit Administration, the United States, or any other agency or instrumentality of the United States (other than the Corporation).

(b) STATE SECURITIES LAWS.

(1) GENERAL EXEMPTION.-Any security or obligation that has been provided a guarantee by the Corporation shall be exempt from any law of any State with respect to or requiring registration or qualification of securities or real estate to the same extent as any obligation issued by, or guaranteed as to principal and interest by, the United States or any agency or instrumentality of the United States.

(2) STATE OVERRIDE.-The provisions of paragraph (1) shall not be applicable to any State that, during the 8-year period beginning on the effective date of this title, enacts a law that— (A) specifically refers to this subsection; and

(B) expressly provides that paragraph (1) shall not apply to the State.

(c) AUTHORIZED INVESTMENTS.—

(1) IN GENERAL.-Securities representing an interest in, or obligations backed by, pools of qualified loans with respect to which the Corporation has provided a guarantee shall be authorized investments of any person, trust, corporation, partnership, association, business trust, or business entity created pursuant to or existing under the laws of the United States or any State to the same extent that the person, trust, corporation, partnership association, business trust, or business entity