ARTICLE [X.] The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people. [ARTICLE XI.] The Judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by Citizens of another State, or by Citizens or Subjects of any Foreign State. The eleventh amendment to the Constitution of the United States was proposed to the legislatures of the several States by the Third Congress, on the 5th September, 1794; and was declared in a message from the President to Congress, dated the 8th of January, 1798, to have been ratified by the legislatures of three-fourths of the States. [ARTICLE XII.] SECTION. 2. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation. The thirteenth amendment to the Constitution of the United States was proposed to the legislatures of the several States by the Thirty-eighth Congress, on the 1st of February, 1865, and was declared, in a proclamation of the Secretary of State, dated the 18th of December, 1865, to have been ratified by the legislatures of twenty-seven of the thirty-six States, viz: Illinois, Rhode Island, Michigan, Maryland, New York, West Virginia, Maine, Kansas, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Virginia, Ohio, Missouri, Nevada, Indiana, Louisiana, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Vermont, Tennessee, Arkansas, Connecticut, New Hampshire, South Carolina, Alabama, North Carolina, and Georgia. ARTICLE XIV. SECTION 1. All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its The Electors shall meet in their respective states, and vote by ballot for President and Vice-President, one of whom, at least, shall not be an inhabitant of the same state with them-jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. selves; they shall name in their ballots the person voted for as President, and in distinct ballots the person voted for as VicePresident, and they shall make distinct lists of all persons voted for as President, and of all persons voted for as VicePresident, and of the number of votes for each, which lists they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the seat of the government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate;-The President of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the certificates and the votes shall then be counted;-The person having the greatest number of votes for President, shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed; and if no person have such majority, then from the persons having the highest numbers not exceeding three on the list of those voted for as President, the House of Representatives shall choose immediately, by ballot, the President. But in choosing the President, the votes shall be taken by states, the representation from each state having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two-thirds of the states, and a majority of all the states shall be necessary to a choice. And if the House of Representatives shall not choose a President whenever the right of choice shall devolve upon them, before the fourth day of March next following, then the Vice-President shall act as President, as in the case of the death or other constitutional disability of the President. The person having the greatest number of votes as Vice-President, shall be the Vice-President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed, and if no person have a majority, then from the two highest numbers on the list, the Senate shall choose the Vice-President; a quorum for the purpose shall consist of two-thirds of the whole number of Senators, and a majority of the whole number shall be necessary to a choice. But no person constitutionally ineligible to the office of President shall be eligible to that of VicePresident of the United States. SECTION 2. Representatives shall be apportioned among the several States according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of persons in each State, excluding Indians not taxed. But when the right to vote at any election for the choice of electors for President and Vice President of the United States, Representatives in Congress, the Executive and Judicial officers of a State, or the members of the Legislature thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such State, being twenty-one years of age, and citizens of the United States, or in any way abridged, except for participation in rebellion. or other crime, the basis of representation therein shall be reduced in the proportion which the number of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number of male citizens twentyone years of age in such State, The twelfth amendment to the Constitution of the United States was proposed to the legislatures of the several States by the Eighth Congress, on the 12th of December, 1803, in lieu of the original third paragraph of the first section of the second article; and was declared in a proclamation of the Secretary of State, dated the 25th of September, 1804, to have been ratified by the legislatures of three-fourths of the States. ARTICLE XIII. SECTION 1. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction. SECTION 3. No person shall be a Senator or Representative in Congress, or elector of President and Vice President, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United States, or under any State, who, having previously taken an oath, as a member of Congress, or as an officer of the United States, or as a mem ber of any State legislature, or as an executive or judicial officer of any State, to support the Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. But Congress may by a vote of two-thirds of each House, remove such disability. SECTION 4. The validity of the public debt of the United States, authorized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and bounties for services in suppressing insurrec tion or rebellion, shall not be questioned. But neither the United States nor any State shall assume or pay any debt or obligation incurred in aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United States, or any claim for the loss or emancipation of any slave; but all such debts, obligations and claims shall be held illegal and void. SECTION 5. The Congress shall have power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this article. The fourteenth amendment to the Constitution of the United States was proposed to the legislatures of the several States by the Thirty-ninth Congress, on the 16th of June, 1866. On the 21st of July, 1868, Congress adopted and transmitted to the Depart ment of State a concurrent resolution, declaring that "the legis latures of the States of Connecticut, Tennessee, New Jersey, Oregon, Vermont, New York, Ohio, Illinois, West Virginia, Kansas, Maine, Nevada, Missouri, Indiana, Minnesota, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Nebraska, Iowa, Arkansas, Florida, North Carolina, Alabama, South Carolina, and Louisiana, being three-fourths and more of the several States of the Union, have ratified the fourteenth article of amendment to the Constitution of the United States. duly proposed by two-thirds of each House of the Thirty-ninth Congress: Therefore, Resolved, That said fourteenth article is hereby declared to be a part of the Constitution of the United States, and it shall be duly promulgated as such by the Secretary of State." The Secretary of State accordingly issued a proclamation, dated the 28th of July, 1868, declaring that the proposed fourteenth amendment had been ratified, in the manner hereafter mentioned, by the legislatures of thirty of the thirty-six States, viz: Connecticut, June 30, 1866; New Hampshire, July 7, 1866; Tennessee, July 19, 1866; New Jersey, September 11, 1866, (and the legislature of the same State passed a resolution in April, 1868, to withdraw its consent to it ;) Oregon, September 19, 1866; Vermont, November 9, 1866; Georgia rejected it November 13, 1866, and ratified it July 21, 1868; North Carolina rejected it December 4, 1866, and ratified it July 4, 1868; South Carolina rejected it December 20, 1866, and ratified it July 6, 1868; New York ratified it January 10, 1867; Ohio ratified it January 11, 1867, (and the legislature of the same State passed a resolution in January, 1868, to with. draw its consent to it ;) Illinois ratified it January 15, 1867; West Virginia, January 16, 1867; Kansas, January 18, 1867; Maine, January 19, 1867; Nevada, January 22, 1867; Missouri, January 26, 1867; Indiana, January 29, 1867; Minnesota, February 1, 1867; Rhode Island, February 7, 1867; Wisconsin, February 13, 1867; Pennsylvania, February 13, 1867; Michigan, February 15, 1867 ; Massachusetts, March 20, 1867; Nebraska, June 15, 1867; Iowa, April 3, 1868; Arkansas, April 6, 1868; Florida, June 9, 1868 ; Louisiana, July 9, 1868; and Alabama, July 13, 1868. Georgia again ratified the amendment February 2, 1870. Texas rejected it November 1, 1866, and ratified it February 18, 1870. Virginia rejected it January 19, 1867, and ratified it October 8, 1869. The amendment was rejected by Kentucky January 10, 1867; by Delaware February 8, 1867; by Maryland March 23, 1867; and was not afterward ratified by either State. ARTICLE XV. SECTION 1. The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. [ARTICLE XVII.] The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, elected by the people thereof, for six years; and each Senator shall have one vote. The electors in each State shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the State legislatures. When vacancies happen in the representation of any State in the Senate, the executive authority of such State shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies: Provided, That the legislature of any State may empower the executive thereof to make temporary appointments until the people fill the vacancies by election as the legislature may direct. This amendment shall not be so construed as to affect the election or term of any Senator chosen before it becomes valid as part of the Constitution. The seventeenth amendment to the Constitution of the United States was proposed to the legislatures of the several States by the Sixty-second Congress on the 16th of May, 1912, and was de clared, in a proclamation of the Secretary of the State, dated the 31st of May, 1913, to have been ratified by the legislatures of the States of Massachusetts, Arizona, Minnesota, New York, Kansas, Oregon, North Carolina, California, Michigan, Idaho, West Vir ginia, Nebraska, Iowa, Montana, Texas, Washington, Wyoming, Colorado, Illinois, North Dakota, Nevada, Vermont, Maine, New Hampshire, Oklahoma, Ohio, South Dakota, Indiana, Missouri, New Mexico, New Jersey, Tennessee, Arkansas, Connecticut, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin. ARTICLE [XVIII.] SECTION 1. After one year from the ratification of this article the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof SECTION 2. The Congress shall have power to enforce this from the United States and all territory subject to the jurisarticle by appropriate legislation. The fifteenth amendment to the Constitution of the United States was proposed to the legislatures of the several States by the Fortieth Congress, on the 27th of February, 1869, and was declared, in a proclamation of the Secretary of State, dated March 30, 1870, to have been ratified by the legislatures of twenty-nine of the thirty-seven States. The dates of these ratifications (arranged in the order of their reception at the Department of State) were: from North Carolina, March 5, 1869; West Virginia, March 3, 1869; Massachusetts, March 9-12, 1869; Wisconsin, March 9, 1869; Maine, March 12, 1869; Louisiana, March 5, 1869; Michigan, March 8, 1869; South Carolina, March 16, 1869; Pennsylvania, March 26, 1869; Arkansas, March 30, 1869; Connecticut, May 19, 1869; Florida, June 15, 1869; Illinois, March 5, 1869; Indiana, May 13-14, 1869; New York, March 17-April 14, 1869, (and the legislature of the same State passed a resolution January 5, 1870, to withdraw its consent to it ;) New Hampshire, July 7, 1869; Nevada, March 1, 1869; Vermont, October 21, 1869; Virginia, October 8, 1869; Missouri, January 10, 1870; Mississippi, January 15-17, 1870; Ohio, January 27, 1870; Iowa, February 3, 1870; Kansas, January 18-19, 1870; Minnesota, February 19, 1870; Rhode Island, January 18, 1870; Nebraska, February 17, 1870; Texas, February 18, 1870. The State of Georgia also ratified the amendment February 2, 1870. ARTICLE XVI. The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes on incomes, from whatever source derived, without apportionment among the several States, and without regard to any census or enumeration. The sixteenth amendment to the Constitution of the United States was proposed to the legislatures of the several States by the Sixty-first Congress on the 12th of July, 1909, and was declared, in a proclamation of the Secretary of State, dated the 25th of February, 1913, to have been ratified by the Legislatures of the States of Alabama, Kentucky, South Carolina, Illinois, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Maryland, Georgia, Texas, Ohio, Idaho, Oregon, Washington, California, Montana, Indiana, Nevada, North Carolina, Nebraska, Kansas, Colorado, North Dakota, Michigan, Iowa, Missouri, Maine, Tennessee, Arkansas, Wisconsin, New York, South Dakota, Arizona, Minnesota, Louisiana, Delaware, and Wyoming; in all, thirty-six. diction thereof for beverage purposes is hereby prohibited. The eighteenth amendment to the Constitution of the United States was proposed to the legislatures of the several States by the Sixty-fifth Congress, on the 3rd of December, 1917, and was declared, in a proclamation of the Secretary of State, dated the 29th of January, 1919, to have been ratified by the Legislatures of the States of Alabama, Arizona, California, Colorado, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, South Carolina, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. ARTICLE [XIX.] The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation. The nineteenth amendment to the Constitution of the United States was proposed to the legislatures of the several States by the Sixty-sixth Congress, on the 19th of May, 1919, and was declared, in a proclamation of the Secretary of State, dated the 26th of August, 1920, to have been ratified by the Legislatures of the States of Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Dakota, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin and Wyoming. ANALYTICAL INDEX TO THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES AND THE AMENDMENTS THERETO A Abridged. The privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States shall not be. [Amendments].... Absent members, in such manner and under such penalties as it may provide. Each House is authorized to compel the attendance of... Accounts of receipts and expenditures of public money shall be published from time to time. A statement of the.... Accusation. In all criminal prosecutions the accused shall be informed of the cause and nature of the. [Amendments].... Accused shall have a speedy public trial. In all criminal prosecutions the. [Amendments]. 14 1 Art. Sec. Cl. Page Of such inferior officers as they may think proper in the President alone. Congress may by law vest the. He shall be tried by an impartial jury of the State and district where the crime was committed. Amendments].. He shall be confronted with the witnesses against him. [Amendments]. He shall be informed of the nature of the accusation. [Amendments).. He shall have the assistance of counsel for his defense. [Amendments).. He shall have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor. [Amendments] In the courts of law or in the heads of departments. Congress may by law vest the.. Apportionment of representation and direct taxation among the several States. Provisions relating to the.. Of Representatives among the several States. Provisions relating to the. [Amendments]... Appropriate legislation. Congress shall have power to make all laws necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by the Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any department or officer thereof.-- Congress shall have power to enforce the thirteenth article, Actions at common law involving over twenty dollars shall be tried by jury. [Amendments). prohibiting slavery by. [Amendments]. Acts, records, and judicial proceedings of another State. Full faith and credit shall be given in each State to the... Congress shall have power to enforce the provisions of the fourteenth article by. [Amendments]. 14 Acts. Congress shall prescribe the manner of proving such acts, records, and proceedings..... Congress shall have power to enforce the provisions of the fifteenth article by. [Amendments]... 15 Adjourn from day to day. A smaller number than a quorum of each House may. Adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place than that in which they shall be sitting. Neither House shall, during the session of Congress, without the consent of the other.... Adjournment, the President may adjourn them to such time as he shall think proper. In case of disagreement between the two Houses as to... Admiralty and maritime jurisdiction. The judicial power shall extend to all cases of Admitted by the Congress into this Union, but no new States shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any other State. New States may be. Nor shall any State be formed by the junction of two or more States, or parts of States, without the consent of the legisla tures and of Congress.. Adoption of the Constitution shall be valid. All debts and engagements contracted by the confederation and before the.. Advice and consent of the Senate. The President shall have power to make treaties by and with the... To appoint ambassadors or other public ministers and consuls by and with the... To appoint all other officers of the United States not herein otherwise provided for by and with the. Affirmation. Senators sitting to try impeachments shall be on oath or.. To be taken by the President of the United States. Form of the oath or. No warrants shall be issued but upon probable cause and on oath or. [Amendments)... To support the Constitution. Senators and Representatives, members of State legislatures, executive and judicial officers, both State and Federal, shall be bound by oath or...... Age. No person shall be a Representative who shall not have attained twenty-five years of.. No person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained thirty years of Agreement or compact with another State without the consent of Congress. No State shall enter into any.. Aid and comfort. Treason against the United States shall consist in levying war against them, adhering to their enemies, and giving them..... Art. Sec. Cl. Page Bills of credit. No State shall emit. Bills for raising revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives. All. Bills which shall have passed the Senate and House of Representatives shall, before they become laws, be presented to the President... If he approve, he shall sign them; if he disapprove, he shall return them, with his objections, to that House in which they originated. Upon the reconsideration of a bill returned by the President with his objections, if two-thirds of each House agree to pass the same, it shall become a law. Upon the reconsideration of a bill returned by the President, the question shall be taken by yeas and nays.. Not returned by the President within ten days (Sundays excepted), shall, unless Congress adjourn, become laws.. Borrow money on the credit of the United States. Congress shall have power to.. Bounties and pensions, shall not be questioned. The validity of the public debt incurred in suppressing insurrection and rebellion against the United States, including the debt for. [Amendments].... Breach of the peace, shall be privileged from arrest while attending the session, and in going to and returning from the same. Senators and Representatives, except for treason, felony, and. Bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors. The President, Vice-President, and all civil officers shall be removed on impeachment for and conviction of treason.. Capital or otherwise infamous crime, unless on indictment of a grand jury, except in certain specified cases. No person shall be held to answer for a. [Amendments]. Capitation or other direct tax shall be laid unless in proportion to the census or enumeration. No.... Captures on land and water. Congress shall make rules concerning. Casting vote. The Vice-President shall have no vote unless the Senate be equally divided.. Census or enumeration of the inhabitants shall be made within three years after the first meeting of Congress, and within every subsequent term of ten years thereafter.. Census or enumeration. No capitation or other direct tax shall be laid except in proportion to the.. Chief Justice shall preside when the President of the United States is tried upon impeachment. The 2 2 Commerce or revenue. No preference shall be given to the ports of one State over those of another by any regulation of.. Vessels clearing from the ports of one State shall not pay duties in those of another..... Commissions to expire at the end of the next session. The President may fill vacancies that happen in the recess of the Senate by granting.... Common defense, promote the general welfare, &c. To insure the. [Preamble].. Common defense and general welfare. Congress shall have power to provide for the.... Common law, where the amount involved exceeds twenty dollars, shall be tried by jury. Suits at. [Amendments]. No fact tried by a jury shall be otherwise reexamined in any court of the United States than according to the rules of the. [Amendments].... Choosing the electors and the day on which they shall give their votes, which shall be the same throughout the United States. Congress may determine the time of... Citizen of the United States at the adoption of the Constitution shall be eligible to the office of President. No person not a natural-born..... Citizen of the United States. No person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained the age of thirty years, and been nine years a.. No person shall be a Representative who shall not have attained the age of twenty-five years, and been seven years a.......... Citizenship. Citizens of each State shall be entitled to all the privileges and immunities of citizens of the several States.. All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State in which they reside. [Amendments] 14 No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States. (Amendments]..... Nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or prop- Citizens or subjects of a foreign state. The judicial power of the Civil officers of the United States shall, on impeachment for and conviction of treason, bribery, and other high crimes and misdemeanors be removed. All.. Claims of the United States or any particular State in the territory or public property. Nothing in this Constitution shall be construed to prejudice.. Classification of Senators. Immediately after they shall be assembled after the first election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three classes.. Classification of Senators. The seats of the Senators of the first class shall be vacated at the expiration of the second year. The seats of the Senators of the second class at the expiration of the fourth year.... The seats of the Senators of the third class at the expiration of the sixth year.... Compact with another State. No State shall, without the consent of Congress, enter into any agreement or..... Compact with a foreign power. No State shall, without the consent of Congress, enter into any agreement or.... Compensation of Senators and Representatives to be ascertained by law. Compensation of the President shall not be increased nor dimin ished during the period for which he shall be elected... Compensation of the judges of the Supreme and inferior courts shall not be diminished during their continuance in office. Compensation. Private property shall not be taken for public use without just. [Amendments]..... Compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor. In criminal prosecutions the accused shall have. [Amendments)... Confederation. No State shall enter into any treaty, alliance, or.. Confederation. All debts contracted and engagements entered into before the adoption of this Constitution shall be valid against the United States under it, as under the..... Confession in open court. Conviction of treason shall be on the testimony of two persons to the overt act, or upon.. Congress of the United States. All legislative powers shall be vested in a... Shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. May at any time alter regulations for elections of Senators and A majority of each House shall constitute a quorum to do A smaller number may adjourn from day to day and compel the attendance of absent members.. Each House may determine the rules of its proceedings, punish its members for disorderly behavior, and, with the concurrence of two-thirds, expel a member. Each House shall keep a journal of its proceedings.. Neither House, during the session of Congress, shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days.. Senators and Representatives shall receive a compensation to be ascertained by law.. They shall in all cases, except treason, felony, and breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest during attendance at their respective Houses, and in going to and returning from the same.... No Senator or Representative shall, during his term, be appointed to any civil office which shall have been created, or of which the emoluments shall have been increased, during such term. Shall have power to lay and collect duties, imposts, and excises, pay the debts, and provide for the common defense and general welfare. 18 1 1850 1 8 2 1856 1 8 3 1856 To coin money, regulate its value and the value of foreign coin, and to fix the standard of weights and measures.. To punish the counterfeiting the securities and current coin of the United States. Coin of the United States. Congress shall provide for punishing the counterfeiting the securities and current.... Color, or previous condition of servitude. The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race. [Amendments].... Comfort. Treason against the United States shall consist in levying war against them, and giving their enemies aid and.... a Commander-in-chief of the Army and Navy, and of the militia when in actual service. The President shall be.... Commerce with foreign nations, among the States, and with Indian tribes. Congress shall have power to regulate........... 1 8 5 1856 To establish post-offices and post-roads.. To promote the progress of science and the useful arts.. To make rules for the government of the Army and Navy.... To provide for organizing, arming, and equipping the militia. To make all laws necessary and proper to carry into execution |