ABRADE, v. (Lat. abrado.) To rub, or scrape off. ABRAHAM-COLOUR, ABRAHAM-COLOURED. Supposed to be auburn. "A goodly, long, thick, Abrahamcolour'd beard," occurs in Blurt Master Constable, 1602. Abram-coloured. See Where is the eldest son of Priam, That Abraham-colour'd Trojan. Soliman and Perseda, 1599. ABRAHAM-MEN. The slang name of a class of beggars in the sixteenth century. Nares thinks the phrase "to sham Abraham" has some connection with it. An Abraham-man is he that walketh bare-armed, and bare-legged, and fayneth hymself mad, and caryeth a packe of wool, or a stycke with baken on it, or such lyke toye, and nameth himself poore Tom. Fraternitye of Vacabondes, 1575. His helpe extends farre and neere to fugitive raga-muffins, under the signe of impotent soldiers, or wandring Abraham-men: but his helpe proves the maintenance of their function, because it proves his owne, by occasion: for being received as a secretary to the counsell of vagrants, hee conceales much idle property, in advantage of himselfe and countrymen, not of the commonwealth. Stephens's Essays and Characters, 1615. ABRAHAM'S BALM, S. An old name for a species of willow. Bullokar, English Expositor, 1641. Cockeram explains it as 66 a willow in Italy that brings forth agnus castus like pepper." ABRAIDE, v. (from A.-S. abradian.) (1) To awaken; to start up. Ipomydon with that stroke abrayde, And to the kynge thus he sayde. Ipomydon, 1149. When he espied the 'squire, therewith he abrayed and break himself loose, and took his sword in his hand, and ran to have slain that 'squire. Malory, Hist. of K. Arthur, i, 419. Whan all to all I trust from vyce abrayed. Tho sche herd the angel voice, Legend of Seynt Mergrete, p. 115. (2) To upbraid. Bochas present felly gan abrayde Atreus after with a full brode chere, (4) To apply one's self briskly to I abrayde, I inforce me to do a thynge. Palgrave. (5) To rise on the stomach with a feeling of nausea. North. (6) To excite; stir up. ABRAM. Naked. A cant word. "Abram cove" is an expression used amongst thieves, signifying a poor man, and also a strong thief. "Abram cove, naked or poor man." Coles' English Dictionary, 1677. See also Middleton's Works, iii. 32. ABRAM-COLOured. This phrase is used by Shakespeare in Coriolanus, ii. 3: "Our heads are some brown, some black, some abram, some bald, but that our wits are so diversly coloured." The folio of 1685 alters abram to auburn. See Abraham-coloured. ABRASE, v. (Lat.) To shave. This word occurs in Cockeram's English Dictionarie, 1639. (2) Part. p. Smoothed; shaved. The fourth, in white, is Apheleia, a nymph as pure and simple as the soul, or as an abrase table, and is therefore called Simplicity. Ben Jonson, ii, 366. ABREAD, adj. Unconfined; spread out; exposed. North. ABRED, part. p. Brought up. Somerset. ABREDE, (1) v. To wander. How Troilus nere out of his witte abrede, (2) adv. In breadth. North. occurs in Chaucer. ABREGGE, v. (A.-N.) To abridge; ABREGE, to shorten. ABREKE, v. (4.-S. abrecan.) To break in. ABRENOUNCE, v. (Lat. abrenuntio.) ABREYDE. See Abraide. ABRIC, 8. Sulphur. Coles. ABRICOC An apricot. In Ge s. (from Fr. abricot.) ABRICOT, rard's Herbal it is spelt abre- Whose golden gardens seeme th' Hesperides to mock: Nor there the damzon wants, nor daintie abricock. Drayton's Polyolbion, song 18. A BRIDGE, v, (A.-N.) To diminish. Whose chilling cold had bound her bowels So, As in no wise she could abridge his wo. Turberville's Tragicall Tales, 1587. ABRIDGEMENT, 8. The word was used in Shakespere's time (see Mids. N. D., v, 1) to signify a dramatic performance; perhaps from the prevalence of the historical drama, in which the events of years were so abridged as to be brought within the compass of a play. In Hamlet, ii, 2, "Look where my abridgement comes," the sense is doubtful. But in a subsequent passage Hamlet calls the players "the abstract, and brief chronicles of the time." ABRIGGE, V. (1) To abridge. (2) To shield off. Alle myscheffes from him to abrigge. ABRIPTED, part. p. (Lat.) Ra vished; stolen away. Cockeram. ABROACH, v. (from A.-S. abræABROCHE can.) To tap; to set flowing. Chaucer and Lydgate. And rushing in amongst his foes, so hote a skirmish made, That every blowe sets blood abroach. Warner's Albion's England, 1592. Call all my servants, lay down all my meat to the fire, set all my hogsheads abroach. Shadwell, Bury Fair, 1689. (1) adj. Broad. Min ABROAD, ABRODE, sheu. >(2) adv. In pieces; (3) adv. Abroad. North. North. ABRODIETICALL, adj. (from Gr. ἀβροδίαιτος.) “A daintie feeder, or delicate person." Minshew's Guide into Tongues, 1627. ABROKE, part. p. (1) One that has a rupture is said to be abroke. Kennett. (2) Torn. Hampsh. ABROKEN, part. p. Broken out; escaped. ABRON, adj. Auburn. A lustie courtier, whose curled head With abron locks was fairly furnished. Hall, Sat., b. iii, s. 5. ABROOD, adv. (1) Abroad. (2) Sitting, applied to a hen. ABROOK, V. To brook, endure, suffer. Shakespeare's Henry VI. ABRUPT, part. p. (Lat. abruptus.) Separated. ABRUPTION, 8. (Lat.) A breaking ABSOLENT, adj. Absolute. And afterward, syr, verament, was used in the same sense. (2) Untunable. Cockeram. ABSTACLE, S. for obstacle. ABSTENT, adj. Absent. Warw. ABSTER, v. (Lat. absterreo.) To deter. ABSTINENT, adj. (Lat.) Abstemious. Minsheu. ABSTINENCY, s. Abstemiousness. ABSTORQUED, part. p. (Lat.) Wrested away by force. This is Minsheu's, explanation in his Guide into Tongues, 1627. ABSTRACT, 8. (from Lat. abstraho.) A separation. Shakespeare. ABSUME, v. (Lat. absumo.) To bring to an end by a gradual waste; to eat up. Absumption, destruction. ABSURD. A scholastic term, employed when false conclusions are illogically deduced from the premises of the opponent. ABTHANE, S. A steward. Minsheu. Said to be the old title of the High Steward of Scotland. ABU, prep. Above. Devon. ABUCHYMENT, s. (A.-N.) An ambush. ABUDE, v. (A.-S.) To bid; to ABUSCHID, part. p. Ambushed. ABUSE, v. (A.-N.) to impose upon. To deceive; Abusable, that may be abused, and abusage, abuse, were words employed in the 17th century. ABUSED, part. p. Fallen into abuse; become depraved. ABUSEFUL, adj. Abusive. Herefordsh. ABUSHEMENT, S. An ambush. ABUSHMENTLY, adv. In ambush. Huloet. ABUSION, 8. An abuse. Chaucer and Spenser. He presumeth and taketh upon hym in partie your estate royal in callyng before hym into greate abusion of all your lande, and derogacion of your highnes, whiche hath not been sene nor used in no dayes heretofore. Hall, Henry VI, fol. 62. ABUSIOUS, adj. Abusive. Thou abusious villaine! Taming of a Shrew, 1607. ABUT, conj. Sometimes used in the beginning of a sentence, where no more is really meant than would be expressed by the word but. North. ABUTTAL, 8. (A.-N.) A boundary. ABUYJE. See Abie. ABVERT, V. (Lat. abverto.) To turn away. Cockeram. ABVOLATE, V. (Lat. abvolo.) To Thane come of the oryente Morte Arthure. some early MSS. Ac, conj. (A.-S.) But. ACATRY, 8. (A.-N.) The place allotted for the provisions purchased for the king by his purveyors. ACAUSE, conj. Because. Suffolk. ACAWMIN, part. p. Coming. Somerset. ACAZE, prep. (4.-N.) Against. Rob. Glouc. ACADEME, S. (Gr.) An academy. ACCABLE, v. (Fr.) To press down. Love's Labour Lost. ACADEMY, 8. This word is used by Ben Jonson, and Beaumont and Fletcher, with the accent on the first syllable. ACAID, S. (A.-S. æced.) Vinegar. ACALE, adj. (from A.-S. acalian, to cool.) Cold. For blood may suffre blood, Piers Ploughman, p. 393. ACARNE, 8. (Lat. acarne.) The sea-roach. Kersey. ACAS, adv. By chance ACASIAN, S. "Acasian, that is jus of wodstone," Med. MS., 14th ACCAHINTS, S. Accounts. Staffords. ACCENSED, part.p. (Lat.) Kindled. ACCEPCION, 8. (Lat.) Reception; acceptation. ACCERSE, v. (Lat. accerso.) To summon; call together. Wherfore the erle, consideryng that kyng Edward did dayly encrease hys power, as a runnyng ryver by goyng more and more augmented, thought it moste necessary for hym to geve him battayle with spede, and therupon accersed and called together hys army. Hall, Edward IV, fol. 26. ACCESS, 8. Used by Shakespeare in Hamlet, ii, 1, accented on the first syllable. ACCESSE, S. (in Lat. accessus febris, the access of a fever.) A fever; or, more properly, the fit of an ague. For upon hym he had an hote accesse, That daie by daie hym shoke full pitouslie. The Complaint of the Blacke Knight, 137. ACCESSIVELIE, adv. (Lat.) Accessorily; as an accessory. ACCIDAVY, S. An affidavit. North. 8. (accidia in medieval ACCIDIE, Lat., derived from the ACCIDE, Gr. ákηdía, carelessness, sloth.) Indolence, sloth. He hadde an accidie, That he sleep Saterday and Sonday. ACCIPITRARY, s. (Lat. accipitrarius.) A falconer. ACCITE, ACITE, v. (Lat. accire.) To incite; also, to summon, or call. Shakespeare, 2 Henry IV, and Tit. And. We be all by the condycyon egall, now acyted for to appere unto suche and soo mervaylous jugement. The Ordynarye of Crysten Men, p. 320. Then mervaile not although my musicke jarre, When she the author of her mirth hath lost. Elphin is dead, and in his grave is laid, &c. Drayton, Shepherd's Garland, 1593. (2) (from the Fr. enclouer.) To drive a nail in shoeing a horse. Hence, accloyd, s., a wound given to a horse in shoeing, by driving the nail into the quick. ACCOAST, v. To sail by the coast; to fly near the ground. Ne is there hawk that mantleth her on perche, Whether high towering or accoasting low. Spenser's Faerie Queene. ACCOIL, v. (A.-N.) To be in a coil, or bustle of business. About the cauldron many cookes accoyld With hooks and ladles. Spenser's F. Q., II, ix, 30. ACCOLE, v. (A.-N. accoler.) Το embrace round the neck. Hence, accolade, the ceremony of embracing, at the creation of knights. Then acoles he the knyzt, and kysses hym thryes, As saverly and sadly as he hem sette eouthe. Syr Gawayne, p. 71. ACCOLDED, part. p. Become cold; suffering from cold. When this knyght that was accolded,and hit was grete froste,-and he saw the fyre, he descendide of his horse, and yede to the fyre, and warmide him. Gesta Romanorum. ACCOMBEROUS, adj. Cumbersome; troublesome. ACCOMBRE, v. (A.-S.) To encumber, perplex, or destroy. ACUMBRE, Gii of Warwike mi name is; Gy of Warwike, p. 217. Happlye there may be five less in the same nombre; For their sakes I trust thu wilt not the rest accombre. Old Play, i, 20. ACCOMMODATE, v. (from the Ital. accommodare.) This word it was fashionable in Shakespeare's time to introduce, properly or improperly, on all occasions. Ben Jonson calls it one of "the perfumed terms of the time." The indefinite use of it is well ridiculed by Bardolph's vain attempt to define it: Accommodated; that is, when a man is, as they say, accommodated: or when a man is,-being,-whereby, he may be thought to be,-accommodated; which is an excellent thing. 2 Hen. IV, iii, 2. Hostess, accommodate us with another bedstaff The woman does not understand the words of action. B. Jon., Ev. M. in H., i, 5. Will you present and accommodate it to the gentleman. Id., Poetaster, iii, 4. ACCOMPLISH, V. (A.-N.) To furnish; to perform. Shakesp. Merch. Ven. and Tam. Shrew. ACCOMPTE, V. (A.-N.) To tell; to recount. Skelton. ACCONFERMENT, 8.(A.-N.) A confirmation. Rob. Glouc. ACCORAGE, v. To encourage. Spen ser. ACCORATH-EARTH, 8. A field; green arable earth. North. ACCORD, 8. (4.-N.) An agreeACORD, ment; a decision. Shakespeare uses this word in the sense of agreement in As You Like It; as a verb, to agree, in Romeo and Juliet; and accordant, agreeable, in Much Ado about Nothing. Thou opene myne lyppen, Lord, Let felthe of senne out wende, Sire knight, quoth he, maister and my lord, Now draweth cut, for that is myn acord. Chaucer's Canterbury Tales, 83o. |