GRAND JURY

....

CHAPTER LXIV.

441

Admirable features of Grand Jury-Do not pronounce judgment-Security

afforded to reputation.

CHAPTER LXV.

LOCAL GOVERNMENTS

444

General, State, County, and Municipal governments parts of a whole-No

conflict-The harmonizing authority in the Supreme Court-How State

governments are formed-Their powers-Modeled on the General Gov-

ernment - Various Courts - Subdivisions-Counties-Towns-School

districts-Minor divisions indispensable.

CHAPTER LXVI.

INDIVIDUAL STATES

..447

Circumstances of discovery of each-When and where settled-Facts in

early history-The part each of the "Old Thirteen" bore in the Revolu-

tionary struggle-The Surface-Climate-Agriculture-Products-Min-

eral Wealth-Prosperity-Area-Population in 1870-Circuit and Dis-

trict Courts-Number of Representatives in Congress-Ports of entry and

delivery - Capital-Time of holding elections-Time of meeting of

Legislature-Form of enacting clause-Complete list of United States

Senators from each State.

Mottoes translated-Origin and meaning of name-Familiar name.

CHAPTER LXVIII.

..531

THE NATIONAL DOMAIN

534

Public domain after the Revolutionary War-Various acquisitions of ter-

ritory by the General Government- - Character of a Territorial govern-

ment-Organized by Congress -Appointment of officers-Territorial

Legislature-When a State may be formed-Constitution to be approved

by Congress-Admission may be vetoed by the President.

CHAPTER LXIX.

INDIVIDUAL TERRITORIES

...537

Discovery and early history of each-When organized-Surface-Climate

Agricultural and mineral resources-Future prospects and desirableness

as a location-Area-Population in 1870.

....550

THE ANNEXATION POLICY....

Causes of increase of national area-A traditional policy-Importance of

national unity-The Mexican War-Causes-Annexation of Territory—

Excuses urged — We shall never do it again—Superior steadiness of

American people-The probable future of annexation.

CENSUS STATISTICS

CHAPTER LXXI.

..556

PART THIRD.

THE PEOPLE AND THE

GOVERNMENT.

The government for the people alone-Early distrust of the masses and its
causes-Embodied in the Federal party-Causes of its fall-Absorption
of foreigners-Favorable results-Future of the people.

CHAPTER I.

SUFFRAGE AND CITIZENSHIP

....562

Who are citizens—Advance in extent of suffrage-Who are voters-Citizens
of States and of United States.

CHAPTER II.

CITIZENS OF FOREIGN BIRTH.

Naturalization-Various steps in naturalization-Digest of laws.

.564

...567

Who are entitled to vote for State officers-For United States officers-

History of general elections-People obtain direct control.

Reasons for them—“Iron-clad oaths"-Who give bonds—Amount of bonds

required.

CHAPTER VI.

GOVERNMENT PRISONS

..577

Vigor of the government-Mildness in punishment-Why it owns no

prisons.

Officers and salaries-When published-Where obtained.

Significance of the Flag-History of its origin-The "Star-Spangled Ban-

ner" and Ft. McHenry.

CHAPTER XI.

THE GREAT SEAL

.585

Uses of Seals-How applied-Who keeps the Great Seal-History of the

Great Seal-Jefferson, Adams, etc.-Failure of committees to please-

Efforts of Secretary of Congress—Adams and the English Baronet -

Description of the Seal.

Origin of law in various kinds of government-In the U. S. all law springs

from the People - The fundamental law - Legislative acts-Laws by

Treaty-Universal law.

LAW OF NATIONS

CHAPTER XIII.

...591

Its origin-Standard authorities on International Law-How it is enforced

-General features of Law of Nations-United States and England-A

future Supreme Tribunal.

CHAPTER XIV.

RELATION OF U. S. GOVERNMENT TO RELIGION.

594

Does not support religion - Shows respect to the sentiments of all its peo.

ple-Consequent policy.

Why employed-No sect preferred-Salaries-Where employed.

COMPROMISES.

CHAPTER XVI.

.596

....598

Necessity of them from the commencement - Constitutional Compromise
-Missouri Compromise of 1820-Mason and Dixon's Line-Compro-
mises of 1850-Their failure brings on the Civil War.

TREASON..

CHAPTER XVII.

Defined by the Constitution-The punishment inflicted.

.602

CHAPTER XVIII.

POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY OF THE U. S.....

...603

Sectional divisions-Their disappearance-Circuit Courts-States-District
Courts-Congressional Districts- Counties-Towns-School Districts.

CHAPTER XIX.

HISTORY OF THE U. S. FROM 1783 TO 1812...

606

Prostration of the country after the war-Congress has no effective control
of finances-Negligence of the States-Shay's rebellion in Mass.-Vig-
orous action of Gen. Lincoln-Virginia urges call of a Constitutional
Convention-Meeting and result of the Convention-Last acts and dis-
solution of Continental Congress-Washington's first Administration-
The rise of parties, Federal and Anti-federal- Washington's second
Administration - Difficulties with England - With France - Country
prospers-Adams' Administration-Naval war with France-Jefferson's
Administrations-Louisiana purchased-Increasing trouble with Eng.
land-Madison's Administrations-War declared.

CHAPTER XX.

THE WAR OF 1812....

620

Causes of the war-Disasters in Canada-Successes on the sea-Barbarity

of British and Indians-Incompetence of U. S. officers-Second Cam-

paign-Brilliant naval successes-Mortification of the British-Political

opposition to the war embarrasses the Government and encourages the

enemy-Third Campaign an American success-Gen. Scott in Canada-

Defeat of the British at Plattsburg, on Lake Erie; before Baltimore, at

New Orleans.

CHAPTER XXI.

HISTORY FROM 1815 TO 1846...

-

-

....629

Results of the war highly favorable to the U. S. - Gains respect abroad-
Party bitterness subsides — Compromise of 1820 —Great prosperity —
Florida Purchase-Monroe's two Administrations-J. Q. Adams' Admin-
istration-Sections divide on the Tariff-Jackson's two Administrations
-Nullification of South Carolina-Jackson's promptness-Seminole
-Van Buren's Administration-Financial disasters-Harrison and
Tyler-Admission of Texas-Election of Polk.

war-

CHAPTER XXII.

THE MEXICAN WAR-FROM 1848 TO 1860....

..638

Causes of the war-Battles of Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma-Taking
of Monterey-Battle of Buena Vista-Gen. Scott in Mexico-His long