(1) "Anchoring Equipment" means straps, cables, turnbuckles, and chains, including tensioning devices, which are used with ties to secure a mobile home to ground anchors. (2) "Anchoring System" means combination of ties, anchoring equipment, and ground anchors that will, when properly designed and installed, resist overturning and lateral movement of the mobile home from wind forces. (3) "Tie" means strap, cable, or securing devices used to connect the mobile home to ground anchors. (4) "Diagonal Tie" means a tie intended to primarily resist horizontal forces, but which may also be used to resist vertical forces. (5) "Vertical Tie” means a tie intended to resist the uplifting or overturning forces. (6) "Footing" means that portion of the support system that transmits loads directly to the soil. (7) "Ground Anchor" means any device at the mobile home stand designed to transfer mobile home anchoring loads to the ground. Resistive Mobile (8) "Hurricane Home" means a mobile home which meets the wind design load requirements for Zone II in § 3280.305(c)(2). (9) "Loads" (i) "Dead Loads" means the weight of all permanent construction including walls, floors, roof, partition, and fixed service equipment. (ii) "Live Load" means the weight superimposed by the use and occupancy of the mobile home, including wind load and snow load, but not including dead load. (iii) "Wind Load" means the lateral or vertical pressure or uplift on the mobile home due to wind blowing in any direction. (10) "Main Frame" means the structural component on which is mounted the body of the mobile home. (11) "Pier" means that portion of the support system between the footing and the mobile home exclusive of caps and shims. (12) "Sheathing" means material which is applied on the exterior side of a building frame under the exterior weather resistant covering. (13) "Stabilizing Devices” means all components of the anchoring and support systems such as piers, footings, ties, anchoring equipment, ground anchors, and any other equipment which supports the mobile home and secures it to the ground. (14) "Support System" means a combination of footings, piers, caps, and shims that will, when properly installed, support the mobile home. § 3280.303 General requirements. (a) Minimum requirements. The design and construction of a mobile home shall conform with the provisions of this standard. Requirements for any size, weight, or quality of material modified by the terms of "minimum," "not less than," "at least," and similar expressions are minimum standards. The manufacturer or installer may exceed these standards provided such deviation does not result in any inferior installation or defeat the purpose and intent of this standard (b) Construction. All construction methods shall be in conformance with accepted engineering practices to insure durable, livable, and safe housing and shall demonstrate acceptable workmanship reflecting journeyman quality of work of the various trades. (c) Structural analysis. The strength and rigidity of the component parts and/or the integrated structure shall be determined by engineering analysis or by suitable load tests to simulate the actual loads and conditions of application that occur. (See Subparts E and J.) (d) Hurricane resistive design. Only mobile homes which meet the applicable requirements of § 3280.305(c)(2) may be designated "Designed for Hurricane Zone." No similar designation which would imply hurricane resistance shall be used when the mobile home does not meet these requirements. (e) New materials and methods. (1) Any new material or method of construction not provided for in this standard and any material or method of questioned suitability proposed for use in the manufacture of the structure shall nevertheless conform in per or construction, means complying with the requirements of the Department of Housing and Urban Development. (2) "Center" means the midline between the right and left side of a mobile home. (3) "Certification label" means the approved form of certification by the manufacturer that, under § 3280.8, is permanently affixed to each transportable section of each mobile home manufactured for sale in the United States. (4) "Combustible Material" means materials made of, or surfaced with, wood, compressed paper, plant fibers, or other material that will ignite and burn. Such materials shall be considered as combustible even though flameproofed, fire-retardant treated, or plastered. (5) "Defect" includes any defect in the performance, construction, components, or material of a mobile home that renders the home or any part thereof not fit for the ordinary use for which it was intended. (6) "Department" means the Department of Housing and Urban Development. (7) "Dwelling Unit" means one or more habitabie rooms which are designed to be occupied by one family with facilities for living, sleeping, cooking and eating. (8) "Equipment" includes materials, appliances, devices, fixtures, fittings or accessories both in the construction of, and in the fire safety, plumbing, heat-producing and electrical systems of mobile homes. (9) "Federal mobile home construction and safety standard" means a reasonable standard for the construction, design, and performance of a mobile home which meets the needs of the public including the need for quality, durability, and safety. (10) "Imminent safety hazard" means a hazard that presents an imminent and unreasonable risk of death or severe personal injury. (11) "Installations" means all arrangements and methods of construction, as well as fire safety, plumbing, heat-producing and electrical systems used in mobile homes. (12) "Labeled" means a label, symbol or other identifying mark of a nationally recognized testing laboratory, inspection agency, or other organization concerned with product evaluation that maintains periodic inspection of production of labeled equipment or materials, and by whose labeling is indicated compliance with nationally recognized standards or tests to determine suitable usage in a specified manner. (13) "Length of a Mobile Home" means the distance from the exterior of the front wall (nearest to the drawbar and coupling mechanism) to the exterior of the rear wall (at the opposite end of the home) where such walls enclose living or other interior space and such distance includes expandable rooms but not bay windows, porches, drawbars, couplings, hitches, wall and roof extensions, or other attachments. (14) "Listed or Certified" means included in a list published by a nationally recognized testing laboratory, inspection agency, or other organization concerned with product evaluation that maintains periodic inspection of production of listed equipment or materials, and whose listing states either that the equipment or material meets nationally recognized standards or has been tested and found suitable for use in a specified manner. (15) "Manufacturer" means any person engaged in manufacturing or assembling mobile homes, including any person engaged in importing mobile homes for resale. (16) "Mobile Home" means a structure, transportable in one or more sections, which is eight body feet or more in width and is thirty-two body feet or more in length, and which is built on a permanent chassis, and designed to be used as a dwelling with or without per manent foundation, when connected to the required utilities, and includes the plumbing, heating, air-conditioning, and electrical systems contained therein. (17) "Mobile Home Construction" means all activities relating to the assembly and manufacture of a mobile home including, but not limited to, those relating to durability, quality and safety. (18) "Mobile Home Safety" means he performance of a mobile home in uch a manner that the public is proected against any unreasonable risk f the occurrence of accidents due to me design or construction of such mobile home, or any unreasonable risk f death or injury to the user or to the ublic if such accidents do occur. (19) "Registered Engineer or Archiect” means a person licensed to pracce engineering or architecture in a tate and subject to all laws and limiations imposed by the state's Board ■f Engineering and Architecture Exminers and who is engaged in the professional practice of rendering servce or creative work requiring educaion, training and experience in engineering sciences and the application of special knowledge of the mathematcal, physical and engineering sciences En such professional or creative work as consultation, investigation, evaluation, planning or design and supervision of construction for the purpose of securing compliance with specifications and design for any such work. (20) "Secretary" means the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, or an official of the Department delegated the authority of the Secretary with respect to Title VI of Public Law 93-383. (21) "State" includes each of the several States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Virgin Islands, the Canal Zone, and American Samoa. (22) "Width of a Mobile Home" means the distance from the exterior of one side wall to the exterior of the opposite side wall where such walls enclose living or other interior space and such distance includes expandable rooms but not bay windows, porches, wall and roof extensions, or other attachments. [40 FR 58752, Dec. 18, 1975, as amended at 42 FR 960, Jan. 4, 1977] $3280.3 Acceptance of plans. (a) Each manufacturer of mobile homes shall submit the building plans for every model of such mobile home to the Secretary, or Secretary's designee, for the purpose of inspection for conformance to this standard. (b) The manufacturer shall certify that each such building plan meets the Federal construction and safety standard in force at that time before the mobile home involved is produced. (c) Regulations pertaining to enforcement of these standards and to labeling of mobile homes shall be as prescribed by the Secretary. § 3280.4 Incorporation by reference. (a) The specifications, standards and codes of agencies of the U.S. Government, to the extent they are incorporated by reference in this standard, have the same force and effect as this standard. Wherever reference standards and this standard are inconsistent, the requirements of this standard prevail to the extent of the inconsistency. (b) The abbreviations and sources of these referenced standards, specifications and codes appear below: AA-The Aluminum Association, 750 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017. ABPA-Acoustical and Board Products Association, 205 West Touhy Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60068. AGA-American Gas Association Laboratories, 8501 East Pleasant Valley Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44131. AISC-American Institute of Steel Construction, 1221 Avenue of the Americas, New York, New York 10020. AISI-American Iron and Steel Institute, 1000 16th Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036. AITC-American Institute of Timber Construction, 333 W. Hampden Avenue, Englewood, Colorado 80110. ANSI-American National Standards Institute, 1430 Broadway, New York, New York 10017. APA-American Plywood Association, 1119 ASME-American Society of Mechanical CMI-Cultured Marble Institute, 230 North Michigan Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60601. CS-Commercial Standards-Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. FHDA-Fir and Hemlock Door Association, HUD-U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Washington, D.C. 20410. HPMA-Hardwood Plywood Manufacturers IAPMO-International Plumbing and Mechanical Officials, 5032 Alhambra Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90032. I-SANTA-Industrial Staple and Nail Tech- Fire Protection Association, 470 Atlantic Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts. (N)FPA-National Forest Products Association (formerly National Lumber Manufacturers Association), 1619 Massachusetts Ave., Wash., D.C. 20036. NPA-National Particleboard Association, 2306 Perkins Place, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910. NSF-National Sanitation Foundation, 3475 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105. NWMA-National Woodwork Manufacturers Association, 400 West Madison Street, Chicago, Illinois 60606. PS-Product Standard-Superintendent of UL-Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc., 207 [40 FR 58752, Dec. 18, 1975, as amended at 42 FR 960, Jan. 4, 1977] location. Data plates shall contain not less than the following information: (1) The name and address of the manufacturing plant in which the mobile home was manufactured. (2) The serial number and model designation of the unit and the date the unit was manufactured. (3) The statement, "This mobile home is designed to comply with the Federal mobile home construction and safety standards in force at the time of manufacture." (4) A list of major factory-installed equipment including the manufacturer's name and the model designation of each appliance. (5) Reference to the structural zone and wind zone for which the home is designed and duplicates of the maps as set forth in § 3280.305(c)(4). This information may be combined with the heating/cooling certificate and insulation zone maps required by §§ 3280.510 and 3280.511. (6) The statement: "Design Approval by" followed by the name of the agency which approved the design. [42 FR 960, Jan. 4, 1977] § 3280.6 Serial number. (a) A mobile home serial number which will identify the manufacturer and the state in which the mobile home is manufactured, must be stamped into the foremost cross member. Letters and numbers must be 3⁄4 inch minimum in height. Numbers must not be stamped into hitch assembly or drawbar. § 3280.7 Modular Homes. A structure which meets the definition of "mobile home" set out in § 3280.2(a)(16) is not subject to the provisions of this part if it enters the first stage of production before June 30, 1978, and meets any one or more of the following criteria: (a) The structure is manufactured in accordance with and meets the following codes or the most recent edition of the following codes published by Building Officials and Code Administrators (BOCA) and the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA): (1) BOCA Basic Building Code 1975; (4) Standard Plumbing Code-1975, with 1976 revision; and (5) National Electrical Code-NFPA 70-1975. (c) The structure is manufactured in accordance with and meets the following codes or the most recent edition of the following codes published by the International Conference of Building Officials (ICBO), the International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials (IAPMO), and the NFPA. (1) Uniform Building Code-1973; (ICBO) (2) Uniform Mechanical Code-1975; (ICBO) and (IAPMO) (3) National Electrical Code-NFPA 70-1975; and (4) Uniform Plumbing Code-1973, (IAPMO) (d) The structure is manufactured in accordance with and meets the following codes published by BOCA, SBCC, ICBO, the American Insurance Association and the NFPA: (1) One- and Two-Family Dwelling Code, 1975 edition; and (2) National Electrical Code-701975. (e) The structure meets a standard established by a state for modular homes, as distinct from mobile homes as they are defined by the state. (f) The structure is built in accordance with an FHA Structural Engineering Bulletin and FHA Minimum Property Standards and is eligible for long-term financing under section 203(b) of the National Housing Act, 12 U.S.C. 1701 et seq. (g) The structure is manufactured with and meets the following codes or the most recent edition of the following codes published by the American Insurance Association, (NFPA), (BOCA), (SBCC), (ICBO), (IAPMO), and the National Association of Plumbing-Heating-Cooling Contractors (NAPHCC): (1) The National Building Code1976; (2) National Electrical Code NFPA-70-1975; (3) BOCA Basic Plumbing Code1975 or Standard Plumbing Code with 1976 revision or Uniform Plumbing Code (IAPMO)--1973 or National Standard Plumbing Code (NAPHCC)— 1973. Provided, that any aspects of the cited codes or any state codes which are intended to apply to mobile homes, as such codes may define them, are preempted by the comparable aspects of the Federal standards. (Secs. 604 and 625 of the National Mobile Home Construction and Safety Standards Act of 1974, 42 U.S.C. 5403, 5404 and 7(d) of the Department of Housing and Urban Development Act, 42 U.S.C. 3535(d)) [42 FR 35012, July 7, 1977] § 3280.8 Certification label. (a) A permanent label shall be affixed to each transportable section of each mobile home for sale or lease in the United States. This label shall be separate and distinct from the data plate which the manufacturer is required to provide under section 3280.5 of the standards. (b) The label shall be approximately 2 in. by 4 in. in size and shall be permanently attached to the mobile home by means of 4 blind rivets, drive screws, or other means that render it difficult to remove without defacing it. It shall be etched on 0.32 in. thick aluminum plate. The label number shall be etched or stamped with a 3 letter designation which identifies the production inspection primary inspection agency and which the Secretary shall assign. Each label shall be marked with a 6 digit number which the label supplier shall furnish. The labels shall be stamped with numbers sequentially. 40 149 0-79--19 |