Science of the Law" (1941), "The Lost World of Thomas Jefferson" (1948), "The Genius of American Politics" (1953), “America and the Image of Europe" (1960), "The Image" (1962), "The Decline of Radicalism” (1969), “The Sociology of the Absurd" (1970), and "Democracy and Its Discontents" (1974). He is the author of the two-volume "Landmark History of the American People" for young readers, "From Plymouth to Appomattox" (1968) and "From Appomattox to the Moon" (1970). He has served as editor of "Delaware Cases, 1792-1830" (1943), "An American Primer" (1966), "American Civilization" (1971), and the 27-volume series, "The Chicago History of American Civilization."

Dr. Boorstin is a past president of the American Studies Association and also a member of the Colonial Society of Massachusetts, the American Historical Association, the Organization of American Historians, the Southern Historical Association, Phi Beta Kappa, and International House of Japan.

RETIREMENT OF MR. JOHN LORENZ

Mr. SHIPLEY. As I mentioned earlier, Mr. Lorenz is leaving the service of the Library after 10 years as Deputy Librarian. I understand he will be with you for a while as a special assistant for planning the implementation of the recently enacted American Folklife Center legislation before assuming the position of executive director of the Association of Research Libraries.

Mr. Lorenz, we certainly wish you the best in your new endeavor.

APPOINTMENT OF NEW DEPUTY LIBRARIAN

Another change in personnel has been announced, Dr. Boorstin, that involves a member of your staff who has been testifying before us regularly for the past few years. That is William Welsh, Deputy Librarian succeeding Mr. Lorenz. Mr. Welsh has served as director of the Library's Processing Department since 1968 and has been on the staff since 1947. We wish you well in your new capacity, also, Mr. Welsh.

BUDGET REQUEST

The Library of Congress budget for fiscal year 1977 totals $140,408,200 and includes a budget amendment of $284,000 for the establishment of an American Folklife Center within the Library. This is an increase of $23,864,800 over the 1976 appropriations enacted to date, and excludes the 1976 proposed pay raise supplemental. The 1976 figures in the justifications include the pay raise supplemental of $2,694,000, as well as a reappropriation in the 1976 supplemental bill of $300,000 of unobligated 1974 funds, and reflect a net increase of $20,870,800. The request also proposes a total of 4,656 permanent budgeted positions in fiscal year 1977, an increase of 295 over 1976. Are there any general questions before we proceed with the general statement?

Mr. Coughlin?

COMMENDATION OF NEW CHAIRMAN

Mr. COUGHLIN. Mr. Chairman, before Dr. Boorst in begins his statement, I want to say that I congratulate my friend and colleague on assuming the chairmanship of this committee. We have worked together for a long time. I look forward to many more years of working very closely with him. He has done an outstanding job as a mem

ber and I know he will be an outstanding chairman. We are very fortunate to have him as chairman of the subcommittee.

Mr. SHIPLEY. Thank you very much, Mr. Coughlin. I might say Frank Evans down at the end of the table would have been chairman if he had not switched around during the reorganization.

Mr. EVANS. Obviously, this committee is in better hands.
Mr. SHIPLEY. You are very kind.
Please proceed, Dr. Boorstin.

GENERAL STATEMENT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS

Dr. BOORSTIN. Thank you for the kind words. I would like to say since this is my first appearance before your subcommittee that I hope we can continue to have the constructive relationship we have had over the years. The Library has appreciated the sympathetic and generous and constructively critical scrutiny that you have given to our budget every year. I hope that this relationship can continue.

It is a pleasure to appear here today to present the Library of Congress budget requests for fiscal year 1977.

This is my first formal appearance before this subcommittee since I assumed my duties as Librarian of Congress in November.

TASK FORCE CREATED

Since this time I have given particular attention to the need to review the present state of the Library of Congress. In carrying out such a review, I have created an internal task force on goals, organization, and planning, which will advise me in this review. We will also draw on a number of outside advisory groups chosen to represent the Library's constituencies and emphasize the national outreach of the Library. I will keep this subcommittee informed of the activities of this task force. Our primary goals are, of course, to serve the Congress, other libraries, and scholars and the Nation in the most efficient and imaginative ways possible.

SUMMARY OF BUDGET REQUEST

Turning to the specifics of this budget request, in fiscal year 1977 we are requesting a total of $140,408,200 in all appropriations. The net increase over the funding level of fiscal year 1976 is $20,870,800. Fortythree percent of this amount is needed to meet unavoidable increases in costs and to maintain the current level of service.

The remaining 57 percent, which is $12 million, is requested to meet increases in workload and to strengthen services. Over $4.9 million is needed to support the basic reference, cataloging, acquisitions, and administrative services of the Library.

AUTOMATION PROGRAM

One of the most important ongoing activities is the automation support of the Library. In this budget we are seeking to expand the automated control over the catalogs and the cataloging processes, so necessary to support of the Congress, Library services, its immediate users, and libraries throughout the country and also to make it plain that our

Library is in touch with the most advanced technological resources in this country.

IMPROVED SERVICES TO LIBRARY USERS

Library users are our primary concern. This budget reflects that concern. Reference service needs to be improved. Increases in this area are sought to allow for prompt delivery of material from the collections to the readers, to make the material more accessible for researchers, and to assure the future availability of valuable collections of motion pictures, newspapers and periodicals, music, fine prints and photographs, and maps through our preservation programs.

As the Library's services to its various users grow, its support services must necessarily keep pace. This budget contains what we consider necessary increases for personnel management and general administrative support to serve all of the activities of the Library.

CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE

A significant multiyear program, now in its last year of implementation, is the expansion of the Congressional Research Service under the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970. We are requesting 88 new positions for this activity which is, of course, to serve the Congress.

This request for additional resources has been carefully considered to assure that the Service's activities are directed toward its primary responsibility of providing Congress with research and reference assistance in support of its legislative, oversight, and representative functions. Particular care has been taken to assure that the Service's activities do not overlap with any other congressional staff agency's activities, but rather are directed toward CRS's specialized capabilities and mission.

BOOKS FOR THE BLIND AND PHYSICALLY HANDICAPPED

One of the largest increases is the $6,702,000 requested for continued growth and service improvement in the blind and physically handicapped reading program. About $3 million of this increase is to maintain the current level of service; most of the remainder will be used to provide more and better sound reproducers, records, braille, and cassette tapes for blind and handicapped users. It is estimated that the blind or physically handicapped readers using the service will increase by 100,000 in 1977-an increase in readership of 20 percent.

ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS-ATTENDANCE AT MEETINGS

Under "Administrative provisions," I am asking that the limitation on expenditures for improving our services by staff attendance at meetings be raised from $75,000 to $100,000. This requested increase is solely due to the increase in per diem authorized by recent legislation except for a request to allow for the staffs of the Congressional Research Service and the National Commission on New Technological Uses of Copyrighted Works to enlarge their professional capability by attendance at a few additional meetings.

REVENUES COLLECTED

In fiscal 1976 the Library will collect and deposit in the Treasury approximately $10 million resulting from the sales of catalog cards and publications and fees received for copyright registrations.

My colleagues and I are prepared to develop the justifications in detail and respond to your questions.

Mr. SHIPLEY. Thank you very much, Dr. Boorstin.

COMPARATIVE SUMMARY TABLES

I think at this point in the record we will insert tables I, II, and III of the justifications which, as I understand it, reflect the amendment of $284,000 for the American Folklife Center.

[The tables referred to follow:]