Depots, machine shops, tools, &c..... Estimated cost of restoring 79 miles of road, bridges, &c., and of collecting and recovering materials. 111 negroes emancipated... Cars and locomotives.......... Materials and machinery.... $126,749 65 541,361 00 190,972 85 410,031 14 360,000 00 .$1,629,114 64 A distance of 49 miles, the entire track, the bridge across the Edisto river, culverts, depots, &c., were completely destroyed in February. On the Columbia division, in the same month, from the 78th to the 92d mile, nearly everything shared the same fate. Thence to the Congaree river, 10 miles, about 2 miles of wood-work, 600 feet of trestling, and a small portion of the rail, the depots and tanks, were destroyed. From the southern bank of the river to Kingville, the bridge (470 feet in length), and about 100 feet of trestling, were burnt. At Kingville, the hotel depots, agent's house, and about 3,000 feet of track, were destroyed. Thence to 115th mile, the depot at Gadsden, tank, 8 or 10 cars, and about 300 feet of track, were destroyed. From that point to Columbia everything was swept, including all the buildings in and near the city, excepting depot and agent's house at Hopkins, and the carpenters' house, 2 miles below. On the Camden division, from Kingville to the west bank of the Wateree, no injury was inflicted, except the burning of Clarkson's depot, the bridge over the Wateree, and 300 feet of trestling. On the occupation of Camden, all the buildings, a few freight cars, and 150 feet of track were destroyed. On the Charleston division but slight injury was sustained. This portion of the road, together with that above Branchville, towards Orangeburg, was taken possession of shortly after the surrender of the city, and worked by the military authorities until the 19th of June, when the entire road was surrendered to the company. On the 19th of April, about 13 locomotives and 147 cars, which were at the time on the Camden division, north of the Wateree, were destroyed by the military expedition under General Potter. His forces also destroyed 720 feet of the Wateree trestling, all the buildings at Middleton, Claremont and Boykins, and all the short trestling between the first point and Rafton's creek; also the materials prepared for the construction of a temporary bridge over the Wateree. Ten or twelve freight cars were also burnt near the Charlotte depot; and a num.. ber of freight cars and locomotives which were left in Columbia upon the evacuation of that place, and at Charlotte Junction, were either destroyed or materially injured. 6.-CHARLESTON AND THE NORTH-WEST. Charleston has revived her scheme of a railroad connection with the Northwest, which, thirty years ago, was urged with so much vigor by many of her enterprising citizens, under the lead of General Robert G. Hayne, who died in the service of the road. At a recent meeting in Charleston, speeches were made by Hon. George A. Trenholm, who spoke of the various routes, with their advantages, and strongly favored the direct route through Knoxville to Cincinnati. He thought the latter route gave the merchants of Cincinnati and Louisville all the advantages of a sea coast connection, and gave them all the trade of Georgia east of a line running north and south through Atlanta. In reviewing the financial condition of the Blue Ridge railroad, he said fifty-three miles of the most expensive part of the route was about completed, and that there had been $3,000,000 expended already on important and valuable improvements. The estimate to build the whole road had been $7,000,000, from which it would be seen that three-sevenths of the total work was accomplished. He thought that though the people of South Carolina were not in a condition to do much just now, they realized fully the advantages such a connection with the Ohio valley would give them, and they would co-operate heartily with any enterprise calculated to consummate so desirable an end. Henry Gourdin, the former President of the Knoxville and Charleston railroad, followed Mr. Trenholm. He said the present railroad corporations in Georgia were controlling the transportation of cotton and merchandize, and that Charleston suffered from the monopolies and needed a railroad that they could control direct to the rich valleys of the Tennessee and Ohio. The Board of Trade of the city appointed a committee of three to visit Cincinnati, and in connection with a like committee from Knoxville, to present the condition of advantages of the direct route to the South Atlantic sea coast. 7. THE RAILROADS OF NEW ORLEANS. The Picayune refers as follows to the movements being made in connection with their roads: THE OPELOUSAS RAILROAD.-The Legislature, at its late session, passed an act authorizing the stockholders of this road to lease it for a term of years, it being understood that some company from Pennsylvania proposed to take the road and complete it to the Texas State line, to meet the road there, via Beaumont, to Houston. No proposition of the kind has ever yet been formally made to the Board of Directors; but we learn that the latter feel themselves neither under the necessity of leasing it, nor regard it as advisable to do so, since the road from New Iberia, on the line to Houston, is not within the route of their charter, but belongs to the New Orleans and Texas Railroad Company, and because their understanding with their creditors is such, and their credit so fair, that should the New Orleans and Texas Railroad Company be able to build their road from the Sabine to New Iberia, so much of the Opelousas railroad as is to reach that point will be in running order as soon as the former is completed. EDITORIAL NOTES, ETC. WE referred in the June number to a visit made by the Editor of the REVIEW to Cincinnati, as one of a Committee to aid in the construction of a railroad between the city of Nashville and that point. In another place will be found the arguments and statistics advanced by the Committee in favor of the route, and we hope to have it in our power to illustrate with a very complete railroad map. We were glad to perceive a very liberal spirit existing in Cincinnati in favor of the South, and a very general and anxious desire to enlarge its Southern trade. In this matter she is in very active competition with St. Louis. The vast workshops of Cincinnati will in all probability be taxed to their utmost capacity through the spirit and energy of St. Louis. The Committee visited many other places by invitation, the extensive wine cellars of the late Mr. Longworth, where they were entertained with genuine hospitality by his grandson, the present proprietor (Captain Anderson), who brought out every variety of his exquisite wines. "The feast of reason and the flow of soul" was enjoyed for several hours beneath the surface of mother earth, with rare gusto, and with no damaging effect. They were treated with much courtesy by the President of the Board of Trade, the editorial fraternity, and especially by Mr. McLean, of the Enquirer, whose large and liberal nature is well known to our people. Individually, the Editor visited the extensive workshops of Lane & Bodley, who are largely employed in the production of machinery for the Southern market. This is a very extensive and growing establishment. We saw circular sawmills of admirable finish and economy, stationary and portable engines, city fireengines, shingle machines, sash machines, flouring and oil machines, and every variety of mechanical combinations useful for the manufacturer or agriculturist; and were furnished with complete circulars and catalogues. The establishment is prepared to execute orders with prompt ness, despatch and economy; and in our advertising pages will appear more complete references to it. We are indebted to the proprietors for some courtesies. Returning from Cincinnati, we spent a day in the pleasant town of Lexington, Kentucky, which is in the heart of a beautiful and wealthy country. We are in time to attend the races, which are kept up with great spirit, and where those great patrons of the turf, Alexander and Clay (son of the late Henry, of the West), exhibit some of their famed and beautiful stock. The lovely cemetery hard by contains the remains of that noble patriot, Henry Clay. A lofty shaft, chaste and delicate, which overlooks the entire country, is crowned with the statue of the great statesman, and in the vault at its base, in visible sarcophagus, are his mortal remains, and not far off those of Mrs. Clay. The monument cost $75,000, and was erected by a subscription, in which the whole country participated in small amounts. The memories of this hightoned statesman will linger long among us. "The meanest rill, the mightiest river, Flow mingling with his fame forever." Visit Louisville. This enterprising and beautiful city is entering, too, the list for Southern trade, and presents very many of the greatest advantages. Her railroads are radiating in every direction. She is looking to Knoxville and the sea coast. She is full of enterprise. In the publishing department, the house of Johns, Martin & Co. are doing much for the South, and they offer many advantages to Southern writers. They are publishing series of school books in every department, from the lowest to the highest, and a variety of other works. Their terms are exceedingly liberal. We are indebted to Edward Atkinson, of Boston, for several interesting papers upon the subject of cotton, and shall give publication to some of them in our next. Lysander Spooner, of Boston, who is the author of "A New System of Banking," furnishes some interesting manuscripts, which will constitute an article for our August number. The subject of banking is one in which the South must begin soon to have the liveliest interest. The favor which the REVIEW is receiving from the conservative men of the North is a great satisfaction to the editor. He has before him a letter from a prominent lawyer in Salem, Massachusetts, who says: "I think your magazine must be of great value to the people of the country, of both sections. We have much felt the want of some such periodical at the North for the past few years. The North American, formerly conservative, was early subsidized, the Atlantic Monthly and Harper's Magazine have reveled and grown fat on radicalism. We have been at the mercy of such radical magazines, and are, to a great extent, now. It is strange that conservative men of the North do not contribute to support one that will uphold conservative doctrines." A leading gentleman in Philadelphia, at the head of a powerful press, uses, in a private letter to us, the language which is quoted below. As he is one of the fairest and most candid of the Republicans, he is welcome to speak out. In this we say, with equal candor, be damages more than benefits his cause. Is it possible that the North demands a miracle? In the conflict of arms, must convictions go down as well as standards? Can men, indeed, be made, as Hudibras has it, 66 -Orthodox, By blows and knocks ?" Has society anything to do in the nineteenth century with the opinions and theories, so that they end in speculation? If I obey the laws of the land, must I be required, on pains and penalties, to believe the laws just and right? Is not obedience sufficient test? Does government anywhere, even the most arbitrary, require more? I may think treason every day in the year, but without an overt act there can be no traitor! How idle, then, to talk of speculations and opinions when great national questions are involved. The South has unanimously admitted the exercise of the right of secession to be impracticable, impolitic, and not to be thought of in the future, whether it exists or not; and nine-tenths of the Southern 1 people who believe in the abstract right, | North. She is the centre, too, of the regard it as fraught with so many perils that the remedy becomes worse than the disease. Should more be asked? But we give the extract from our correspondent's letter: "The deep interest felt by all thinking men of every section in the present disturbed condition of our land must be my excuse for troubling you with a few remarks. Although unknown to you, I have witnessed with the keenest pleasure the revival of your periodical, which in other days; exerted so diffusive and beneficial an influence over Southern society. I cannot help thinking that it might be made a great instrument in dispelling the clouds of ignorance and prejudice which hide each section from the other, or at least only make them appear in a grossly distorted light. Like fig: ures in a fog, we make giants of pigmies, and view harmless cattle as strange monsters, fearful because of their strangeness. So the absence of knowledge of the real feelings of the Southern people may have led us to magnify into dangers what may be but trifling opinions. "We set a far greater value upon the mental views of a man than you appear to. You quote the readiness of the citizen to take the oath, and throw into the shade the fact that no witness has stated that the populace have abandoned their idea of the right of secession. Now with us the 'right' is of as much importance as the exercise; and it is the absence of any definite information that creates such general mistrust of repentance. 66 If your magazine could do away with this feeling, it would be performing a most patrlotic and enduring work. God knows that the great mass of the people of the North desire to see complete restoration of the old friendly relations. It is not vengeance which animates the opposition; it is not hatred; the populace are too easily plunged into oblivion of the past to exercise animosity. It is only a natural and laudable desire not to see all that we have gained at the point of the bayonet lost at the ballot. Negro suffrage has little interest to the masses. They think only of union; and whenever the South gives evidence which will justify them in trusting her, at that moment they will welcome her as an equal. Unless such is proven, there is no doubt but that Congress will be fully sustained for the past and instructed to continue its policy in the future." We are indebted to the directors of the New Orleans Mechanics' Institute for a copy of their circular, and the documents in relation to the great mechanics' and agricultural fair which it proposes to hold in the city of New Orleans in April, 1867. This is a noble and praiseworthy enterprise, and will do very much for the advancement of the dear old city. Her artisans are among the best in the land, and she may soon enter into active competition with any of her rivals of the West or greatest agricultural region in the world. Very many years ago there was a State Agricultural Society in Louisiana, which held some most creditable fairs, which were attended at Baton Rouge, but it was suffered to die out. Our excellent, kindhearted and noble-minded friend, Frederick Conrad, of Baton Rouge-peace to his ashes!—was at the head of that movement. We extract from the present circular, received through the courtesy of Capt. C. Slocomb: "The Mechanics' and Agricultural Fair Association of Louisiana was chartered in 1860. The capital stock of the association was fixed at one hundred and fifty thousand dollars, represented by six thousand shares of twentyfive dollars each. Of the capital stock, about seventy thousand dollars have been subscribed and paid, and there remain about eighty thousand dollars not yet taken. "The object and design of the association is to promote and foster improvements in all the various departments of agriculture, including cotton, sugar, coffee, tobacco, rice, hemp, &c., &c.; horticulture, fruits, vegetables, ornamental and staple gardening; the promotion and development of the mechanical arts; home manufactures in all branches; the rearing, improvement and development of the races of useful animals; the general advancement of rural economy; the encouragement of household manufactures, and the dissemination of useful knowledge upon such subjects by offering inducements and premiums therefor. Soon after organization, the association purchased the admirably-located property known as the Creole Race Course, together with considerable contiguous real estate, lying between Esplanade street and the Gentilly road, thus obtaining rapidly-improving and spacious grounds, remarkably well adapted for their future important objects, and easy of access (within a very short time) from all portions of the city. The entire property has been paid for, except a few thousand dollars. By a special act of the Legislature this property was exempted from taxation, both State and city. A considerable sum of money was expended in the improvement of the property in 1860 and 1861, and the Board of Directors at that time were energetically preparing the grounds to inaugurate the enterprise. The poand for the past four years the execution of litical troubles of the country then intervened, the original design of the association has been delayed and frustrated. "The time has now arrived, in the opinion of the Board of Directors, when this great work should be resumed and prosecuted with vigor to completion. With this view they havo resolved to hold a grand fair in April, 1867. "In order to consummate the much-desired object, they now earnestly appeal to all classes of their fellow-citizens to promptly come for ward, take up the balance of the stock, and identify themselves with this important enter prise." A good man has fallen and we cannot refrain from doing honor to his memory- case suggested a table-spoonful of the mixture be taken, the patient would be taking nearly a good and true man, our intimate per-table-spoonful of sulphuric acid, which might be attended with serious consequences. sonal friend for nearly a quarter of a century, our associate and companion through hours of trial and sorrow, and sometimes triumph-Dr. ERASMUS FENNER of New Orleans! We honored and loved him, and shared his confidence and favor. He was a man strong in his convictions of duty—a man of labors and Herculean energy who knew no rest. His Southern Medical Journal, in which Hester and himself associated (both now gathered to their fathers), first attracted our attention to New Orleans as the point from which our Review should be directed. It brought us there from our native home in Carolina, and the first of our friends, as the last, was Fenner. He has gone, and soon some one shall speak similarly of us. Gone in the prime of his life and full of its "futurities." His college, the pride of his heart, mourns him; his embryo Medical Journal (successor of the old Journal and the Southern Medical Reporter) mourns him; a thousand friends, the whole community of New Orleans, mourn him. His impulses were generous and noble, his heart always in the right place. No one dare breathe roughly upon the fair escutcheon of Fenner. Says our contemporary of the Crescent: As a "Dr. Fenner was a laborious worker with pen, and his contributions to medical literature, in the shape of books, essays and reports, are to be found, and are highly esteemed, in many of the medical libraries, not of the South only, but of the whole country. man, the numerous friends he had, and the mourners who will to-day follow him to the grave, will best attest his worth. He combined industry and enthusiasm with prudence, and won his way to professional and personal eminence, not less by his sterling qualities and fine intelligence than by a graceful suavity and courtesy of manner, that made him friends among all classes and conditions of people. Many of our people will feel, as we do, that his death is a personal bereavement; and there will be no tribute of respect to his memory that will not find an echo in the hearts of the people of New Orleans." A physician at Montgomery, Alabama, writes us the following note which we hasten to publish: "In the May number of your Review, page 558, you published a recipe for cholera, and saying if the anodyne cannot be readily obtained substitute sulphuric acid. Did you not mean Sulphuric ather? If in the desperate "I write this because I think you must have made a mistake which ought to be corrected." European war is iminent-so the papers say; so commercial revulsions in England, low price of cotton and high price of gold say. The old days of Marengo and Australitz and Waterloo are to be revived. The giants shall leap into the field and again pile Ossa upon Pelian. As a Southern man I hardly know whether to be sorry or glad. Having been badly whipped ourselves, we inay not regret to see somebody else whipped. The sentiment is wicked perhaps. The old wars will be pigmies to this. What a marshaling of hosts, and what myriads in the field! However, we don't believe in war. There is no money. Let the powers parade their forces as they may, the purse is necessary to the sword. Prussia bas placed, they say, five army corps in her central and south-eastern provinces on a war footing, and four more in other parts of her territory, the whole amounting to 365,000 men. Reserves, which may be called out at any moment, would add 210,000 to this force, so that the Prussian army, in case of war, may be made to reach the enormous number of 575,000 men. On the morning of the 2d instant an order to place all the Austrian armies on a war footing was is sued, and 630,000 men will soon be under arms. The levies of Italy will probably amount to 400,000 men. The minor German powers have considerable armies. Such are the forces about to be marshaled in this strife. The wars of former times hardly bear comparison with that which threatens us. Germany had not half that number of men in the field when she fought for her national existence in 1812. St. Louis has entered into the most ac tive competition with Cincinnati in the production of the most rare and delicate native wines. We have tested this ques tion lately ourselves, and can speak for the marvelous excellency of the St. Louis product. Two cases of sparkling Impe |