the sides of the hills in natural cascades, or falling with gentle murmurs, contribute to enliven the scenery; and the Derwent, which has its source in the mountainous country to the north, glides with a gentle stream past the village, to the westward of which the bleak and barren moors form a striking contrast to the luxuriant scenes of Hackness. The Church, dedicated to St. Mary, is a very ancient structure ; the living is a perpetual curacy, in the patronage of the Marquis of Annandale. Here was formerly a cell, belonging to Whitby Abbey; which at the dissolution, contained four monks of the order of Benedictines. The very elegant mansion at this place was built by the late Sir Richard Vanden Bempde Johnstone, Bart. SEAMER, four miles from Scarborough, is remarkable for a rebellion, which broke out in the year 1549, in the third of Edward VI., the leaders were, Thomas Dale, the parish clerk, John Stephenson, and William Ombler; their absurd claims were, the restoration of the old religion, the abolition of monarchy, and the extinction of all the different ranks of society. These infatuated men were soon joined by others equally desperate, and, in a few days, their num ber amounted to upwards of 3000; after having greatly alarmed the country, and murdered several persons, a sudden stop was put to their proceedings, by the arrival of a proclamation from the King, offering pardon to the repentant, but denouncing punishment upon the contumacious; on which the greater number were wise enough to accept the proferred clemency, and to lay down their arms but the leaders were apprehended and executed at York, on the 21st of September, 1549. The Percies were anciently lords of Seamer; it afterwards belonged to the Duke of Leeds, who sold it to William Joseph Denison, Esquire, an eminent banker, in London, through whom it descended to his grandson, the Lord Londesborough. There is here an elegant Church, dedicated to St. Martin, which has the appearance of a collegiate building; the living is a vicarage. There is also a small but neat Methodist chapel. A school, for boys and girls, with a dwelling-house adjoining, was built and liberally endowed by the lord of the manor, in 1814. SCORTON. Scorton, in the parish of Catterick and liberty of Richmondshire, in the North-riding, is five miles east of Richmond. Here is a Free Grammar School, with an endowment of £200 per annum, left by Leonard Robinson, Esq. The school house was erected in the year 1760, and the Rev. W. Bowe, officiating curate at Bolton, is the master. There is in this township a noted spring, called St. Cuthbert's Well, (otherwise, Cuddy Kell;) it is supposed to derive its name from a monastery, dedicated to St. Cuthbert, said to have stood upon the same spot, but not a vestige of it now A. D. 1852 A. D. 1852 Manufac ture. Charities. remains. The water is useful in the cure of cutaneous diseases, and rheumatism; it flows into a brook, which empties itself into the Swale, below Ripling, and which brook is noted for large fine flavoured trout. The village is airy, and generally well built, in form rather irregular, but approaching to a square. In the centre is a spacious green, raised three or four feet from the level of the road; to the north side is a good inn, and an elegant building for the school; on the east the buildings are appropriated to the purposes of a Roman Catholic community, of the order of St. Clair. The persons forming this establishment came over from Normandy, in 1795, after the French Revolution, and settled first at Haggerston Castle, in Northumberland, but removed to Scorton in 1807. The house consists of thirty nuns and twenty boarders; and for the use of the community and others, a chapel has been built, dedicated to St. Clair. SEDBERGH. Sedbergh is a small market town pleasantly situated on the northwest extremity of the West-riding, near the river Rother, which falls into the Lune about three miles from the town. Sedbergh is a parish divided into three townships, viz. Sedbergh, Dent, and Garsdale, in the wapentake of Ewecross, and on the borders, though not in the district, of Craven; it is five miles from Dent, ten from Kendal, and eleven from Kirkby-Lonsdale. It is situated in a secluded and fertile vale among rugged mountains. The market is on Wednesday. The principal manufacture at Sedbergh is cotton, and there are two mills at which a considerable number of persons are employed. There are here a Parish Church, and various dissenting places of worship; but the distinguishing public institution of Sedbergh, is its amply endowed Free Grammar School, which has produced many eminent men. This school was founded by Roger Lupton, D.D., provost of Eton. The appointment of master is in the Master and Fellows of St. John's, Cambridge. This school had fallen to decay, and the lands appropriated to its support had been sold and embezzled! but Sir Anthony Denny, Knight, a liberal patron of learning, caused the school to be repaired, and not only recovered, but also settled the estate so firmly as to prevent all future alienations. Provost Lupton, founded two fellowships and eight scholarships, in St. John's College, Cambridge, for students from this school; and Mr. Hebblethwaite also founded one fellowship at St. John's; besides which this is one of the schools which is entitled to send a candidate for Lady Elizabeth Hastings' Exhibitions. The produce of certain estates at Sedbergh is applied to the relief of poor householders belonging to the township, not receiving parochial assistance, towards clothes for twelve poor children of the township, above seven and under twelve years of age; to the purchase of bread to be given to poor people at the church yearly on St. John's day, and for an exhibition to a Sedbergh born scholar, while educating in St. John's College. SELBY. A. D. 1852 This place, anciently called Salebeia, was selected by William the Conqueror, in 1069, as the site of a magnificent Abbey for Bene- 1069 dictine monks. The establishment acquired, in process of time, such extensive possessions and immunities as to render it equal in rank to the Church of St. Peter at York; and the Superior of this place, with the Superior of St. Mary's, in that city, were the only mitred abbots north of the Trent. When the Conqueror came to Selby, accompanied by his queen, to settle the endowment of the Abbey, she was delivered of a son, subsequently King of England, by the title of Henry I. After a lapse of time, the manor came Henry I. into the family of Lord Petre, by marriage, with whose descendants born at it yet remains. During the Civil war, the town was taken by the Selby. royalists, but it was eventually re-captured by Sir Thomas Fairfax, when the majority of the king's party were made prisoners. The streets are well paved and lighted with gas; the houses are in general well-built, and many improvements have been made within the last few years, particularly by the formation of a new street called the Crescent, which consists of commodious houses, and adds considerably to the appearance of the town. A large quantity of woad, for the use of dyers, is produced in the vicinity; and flaxspinning is still carried on to some extent. There are two large mills of this description, several rope, sail cloth, and sacking factories, an iron foundry, two tanneries, breweries, &c. Selby, in common with other towns, possesses the advantages of railway communication. The Hull and Selby line of railway is carried over the river Ouse by a handsome swivel bridge, which opens with great facility for the admission of vessels to the quay, and there communicates with the Leeds and Selby, in conjunction with which, and with the Manchester and Leeds railway, it opens a direct communication between the Irish Sea and the German Ocean. A bridge of timber across the Ouse was completed in 1795, and is remarkable for the ease with which it can be turned round, being opened and closed within the space of a minute, though weighing seventy tons. A branch custom-house has been erected, belonging to the establishment at Goole. The chief article exported is stone, which is sent coastwise. Ships of 150 to 200 tons burthen navigate to Selby; steam-boats pass daily to and from Hull, and there are daily communications with London, and every port on the coast. There is also a ship-yard, in which many packets A. D. 1618 Church. and sailing vessels are built. The Church, formerly belonging to the abbey, was made parochial, by letters patent of James I., dated March 20th, 1618. The appearance of this venerable pile is strikingly impressive, and the magnificence, with comparative simplicity, of the west front, renders it deserving of particular notice, as its proportions and decorations merit remark from their singularity and elegance. The nave is a massive and and simple design, and the choir, of which the east window is highly enriched with tracery, is a perfect and splendid example of the early English style; on both sides of the choir are several stalls of wood, enriched with tabernacle work. The upper part of the central tower fell down in March, 1690, occasioning considerable damage; and the present tower was probably re-built about the year 1700, but in a style by no means corresponding with the original. The chapter-house is a beautiful building; and among the other striking architectural peculiarities which this magnificent edifice exhibits, are two clusters of columns, or piers, supporting arches in the gallery, on the north side of the nave. The font has a beautiful and lofty cover of carved wood suspended from the second arch, on the north side of the nave. In 1826, a fine toned organ was erected by private subscription, which adds considerably to the elegance of the choir. There are places of worship for dissenters; a blue-coat school for boys, a school for girls, almshouses for widows, an estate of feoffees for pious and charitable purposes, left by various individuals in the reigns of Elizabeth and James I., and several other considerable bequests. Thomas Johnson, a botanist, who published the first local catalogue of plants in the kingdom, and an improved edition of Gerard's Herbal; and who fell in a skirmish with a body of parliamentarian forces, in 1644, was a native of this town. The Poor Law Union of Selby comprises twenty-four parishes or places, of which sixteen are in the West-riding, and eight in the Population. East-riding. The population, according to the last census, was 15,476, of whom 7,763 were males, and 7,713 females. By the same return, the number of houses amounted to 3,559. SETTLE Is a small well-built market and post town, in the district of Craven, The neighbouring quarries, and the inhabitants are amply supplied with water from wells and numerous springs. In the market place, is a handsome Town Hall, erected in 1832, at a cost of £5,500, by a proprietary of £10 shareholders. It contains a court-room, assembly-rooms, library and news-room, apartments for a literary institution, and a savings' bank. The cotton manufacture is carried on to some extent, and there are several roperies, and a paper manufactory. The various provision and cattle markets are well attended, and a large amount of business is constantly transacted. The township comprises 4,370 acres of grazing land; the pastures extend along the eastern acclivities of the vale, which is inclosed on each side by a continuous range of rugged limestone rocks, of mountainous elevation, terminated by the lofty eminences of Pendle-hill on the south, Pennigant on the north, and Ingleborough on the north-west. The scenery, especially on the hills near Attermire, is strikingly romantic, and in some parts, beautifully picturesque; the pastures are rich, and of those near the town, some are rented at from £5 to £8 per acre. A district church, dedicated to the Ascension, was erected in 1839, at an expense of £3,000, raised by subscription, towards which William Wilkinson, Esq., contributed £500; it contains 700 sittings, of which 250 are free. Mr. Swale endowed the living with £1000. The dissenters have places of worship, and there is a national school and a girls' school, supported by subscription. Thomas Proctor, an eminent sculptor, who died in his youth, was born here. The population of the Settle Union, by the census of 1851, was 13,762 of which 6,915 were males, and 6,847 females. This exhibits a decrease, as compared with the returns of 1841, of 334, the number being at that period, 14,096. A. D. 1832 A mile to the north-west of Giggleswick, is a remarkable ebbing Ebbing and and flowing well, which issues from the face of a long ridge of rock, flowing skirting the road from Settle to Clapham. The habits of this sin- well. gular spring are extremely irregular; it has been observed to rise and fall nineteen inches in the space of five minutes. The time of its flux and re-flux is apparently unconnected with rain or drought, or any other external cause. Sometimes it is completely dry, and then, on a sudden, is heard to issue from the recesses of its native rock with a hollow gurgling sound. The water, which is received into a stone cistern, is limpid, cold, and wholesome, and has no peculiar taste. The phenomenon of the ebb and flow was formerly accounted for upon the principle of the simple siphon, but that doctrine was so full of difficulties, as applied to their regular reciprocations of the Giggleswick spring, that it is now exploded, and the venerable John Gough, the keen perception of whose mental eye compensates the loss of natural vision, has broached the very plausible theory that the ebb and flow of this extraordinary well is produced by the |