operations as of June 1956. He remained at that post until June 1959, when he became chief of operations at the First Coast Guard District office in Boston, Mass.

He undertook his present duty as commanding officer of the Coast Guard Receiving Center in Cape May, N.J., in March 1961.

On January 31, 1962, Captain Shields was nominated by the President for the rank of rear admiral.

Captain Shields' World War II campaign service ribbons and medals include the American Defense with "A"; American Area; European-African Middle Eastern Area with star; World War II Victory. He also has the National Defense Service Ribbon, except Rifle and Expert Pistol Medals.

Captain Shields' wife is the former Noyes of St. Petersburg, Fla. They have two daughters, Elizabeth N. and Barbara D.

CAPT. RICHARD D. SCHMIDTMAN, U.S. COAST GUARD

Richard Dittrich Schmidtman was born the son of Mr. and Mrs. William F. Schmidtman on September 5, 1909, in Washington, D.C. He attended elementary school, McKinley Technical High School, Emerson Institute, and George Washington University, all in Washington, D.C.

He entered the U.S. Coast Guard Academy in New London, Conn., as a cadet on August 12, 1929. While there he won the class of 1927 Sword for Excellence in Military Science and Drills, won the Rosenthal Award for Mathematics, was president of the Academy Athletic Association in 1932. He was also battalion adjutant of the Cadet Corps in 1932, and was business manager of the 1932 edition of the Academy year book "Tide Rips."

He was graduated and commissioned an ensign in the Coast Guard on May 16, 1932, and subsequently advanced to: Lieutenant (jg.), May 16, 1935; lieutenant, March 1, 1938; lieutenant commander, June 15, 1942; commander, December 21, 1943; captain, August 12, 1952.

During his earliest assignments he was stationed with the New London Division of the old Destroyer Force which the Coast Guard operated between 1924 and 1934 in an all-out suppression of smuggling. Afterward he served aboard the cutters Saranac, Thetis, Algonquin, and Mojave in the Atlantic and the Gulf of Mexico. He served for a year as machinery superintendent at the Coast Guard Yard in Curtis Bay, Md. In July 1938, he was assigned to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology for postgraduate work in naval construction engineering and received a master of science degree in February 1941.

After a temporary assignment at Coast Guard Headquarters in Washington, D.C., he served from April 1941 to June 1944 as resident chief inspector at the Toledo Shipbuilding Co., Inc., in Ohio, during the construction and outfitting of the Coast Guard icebreaker Mackinaw, and the cutters Storis, Almond, Arrowood, and Chapparal. Within the next year, he established and commanded a Coast Guard research unit at the University of California to assist in research projects on the design and methods of construction of welded steel merchant ships.

From July 1945 to March 1946, he served as executive officer and then commanding officer of the Coast Guard-manned Navy attack troop transport Leonard Wood, which was then engaged in carrying troops home from the Pacific in what was known as the "Magic Carpet" operation.

He was stationed for the next 5 postwar years at Coast Guard Headquarters on the staff of the Engineer in Chief. During that period he prepared the final report of Board To Investigate the Design and Methods of Construction of Welded Steel Merchant Vessels. He also became secretary of the Ship Structure Committee and Subcommittee permanently established on July 25, 1946, by the Secretary of the Treasury to succeed the previously mentioned Board. He received a Coast Guard Commendation Ribbon for outstanding performance of duty in that post. He also served as Acting Chief of the Testing and Development Division.

In May 1951, he took command of the cutter Coos Bay, an ocean station weather patrol vessel based at Portland, Maine. In June 1952, he became chief, engineering division at the 9th Coast Guard District office in Cleveland, Ohio, and in June 1954, was assigned as Chief, Naval Engineering Division at Coast Guard Headquarters.

In June 1958, he became commanding officer of the Coast Guard cutter Eastwind, a 269-foot heavy duty icebreaker operating out of Boston, Mass. He com

manded the icebreaker during the 1958-59 MSTS resupply operations in the eastern Arctic, performing ice escort duty for Navy task force vessels, preparing landing beaches for construction of distant early warning (DEW) line stations, constructing an unmanned radio beacon and providing escort for Arctic cablelaying operations. He also commanded the Eastwind on Antarctic Operation Deep Freeze, 1960, conducted during the winter and early spring of 1959-60, in support of U.S. scientific projects.

In June 1960, he became chief, operations division at the 1st Coast Guard District office in Boston, Mass. In May 1961, he undertook his current assignment as Assistant Chief, Office of Operations, at Coast Guard Headquarters in Washington.

On January 31, 1962, Captain Schmidtman was nominated by the President for the rank of rear admiral.

Captain Schmidtman's World War II campaign service medals and ribbons include: Coast Guard Commendation Medal; American Defense Service; American Area; European-African-Middle Eastern Area; World War II Victory. He also has the National Defense Service Medal, and the Coast Guard Expert Rifle Medal.

Captain Schmidtman's wife is the former Mildred Elizabeth Gallup of Waterford, Conn. They have a married daughter, Mrs. Neil F. Kendall (Mildred Anne); and two sons, Richard W. and John G. Captain Schmidtman lives with his family at 5004 Elsmere Place, Bethesda, Md.

CAPT. WILLARD J. SMITH, U.S. COAST GUARD

Willard John Smith was born at Suttons Bay, Mich., on May 14, 1910, the son of Oscar and Emma Bequist Smith. His father retired as chief boatswain from the U.S. Coast Guard. Captain Smith was graduated from Charlevoix High School in 1927, and attended the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, for 3 years before entering the Coast Guard Academy, New London, Conn., as a cadet in August 1930.

Graduated and commissioned ensign on May 15, 1933, he subsequently advanced to lieutenant (jg.), May 15, 1936; lieutenant, August 5, 1939; lieutenant commander, October 2, 1942; commander, January 1, 1944; captain, November 1, 1955.

He served as line officer from June 1933 to November 1936 aboard the cutter Saranac stationed at Galveston, Tex. Assigned next to Headquarters at Washington, D.C., he served as aide to the Commandant of the Coast Guard until May 1939. At that time he was assigned to flight training at Pensacola, Fla., and was designated a Coast Guard aviator on June 14, 1940.

In August 1940, he was assigned to duty in connection with the construction and commissioning of the Coast Guard Air Station at San Francisco, where he remained on flight duty until February 1944. During the summers of 1941-42 of that period Captain Smith performed temporary duty in Alaska on aerial survey missions. He was commended by the commandant for landing a PBY plane in open sea 200 miles southwest of San Francisco on February 13, 1943, to remove an officer from a naval vessel to a naval hospital in time to save his life.

After serving another tour of duty as aide to the Commandant of the Coast Guard, he was designated commanding officer of the Coast Guard air station at Traverse City, Mich., in October 1946.

In June 1948, he returned to Coast Guard Headquarters to serve as Assistant Chief, Aviation Division. From August 1950 to January 1951, he was assigned as student at the Armed Forces Staff College in Norfolk, Va. After completing courses of instruction in loran operations and basic aids to navigation at the Coast Guard training station in Groton, Conn., in April 1951, he became commanding officer of the Coast Guard depot on Guam Island and Commander, Western Pacific Section. He performed additional duties as Commander, Marianas Section, during June and July 1952.

From September 1952 to August 1954, he commanded the icebreaker Mackinaw which is based at Cheboygan, Mich., and is designed specially for icebreaking in the Great Lakes. During the following 3 years, he served as Chief, Administrative Management Division at Coast Guard headquarters. Then in June 1957, he became Commandant of the cadets at the Coast Guard Academy.

He took on his current duty as chief, Operations Division, 13th Coast Guard District, Seattle, in July 1960.

On January 31, 1962, Captain Smith was nominated by the President for the rank of rear admiral.

Captain Smith's World War II campaign service medals and ribbons include the American Defense with sea clasp; American Area; Asiatic-Pacific Area; and World War II Victory. He also has the National Defense Service Ribbon, and the Command-at-Sea Insignia.

Captain Smith's wife is the former Harriet A. Lary of Los Angeles, Calif. They have a daughter, Lary, 17, and a son, Jeffrey, 16.

NOMINATION OF CAPT. WILLIAM D. SHIELDS, U.S. COAST GUARD, TO RANK OF REAR ADMIRAL, U.S. COAST GUARD

The CHAIRMAN. How many Coast Guard air stations have we now? Captain SHIELDS. Sir, I haven't been in aviation for some time, but I can name them off. Salem, Mass.; New York, N.Y.; Elizabeth City, N.C.; Miami, Fla.; St. Petersburg, Fla.; San Diego, Calif.; San Francisco, Calif.; and Port Angeles, Wash. Those are the air stations. We have air detachments in other places.

The CHAIRMAN. Maybe Admiral Richmond can answer that question. Do you anticipate in the future further expansion of the Coast Guard air arm?

Admiral RICHMOND. Not in the number of stations in that respect, sir. Six years ago there was a very extensive study made at the direction of Congress by the Coast Guard and, based upon that, the Secretary of the Treasury and myself presented to Congress a plan for the expansion of the Coast Guard arm, particularly in the field of additional detachments, largely operating, largely rotating-wing aircraft rather than fixed wing. We feel at the present time that our air arm has about all of the fixed-wing aircraft that we can foreseeably use.

The CHAIRMAN. Now, you do perform a function in time of war, a military service, in this air arm, do you not?

Admiral RICHMOND. Yes, sir.

The CHAIRMAN. I am asking these questions because I can conceive of the necessity, in view of the underwater buildup all over, underwater warfare buildup, whether or not we shouldn't be thinking of Coast Guard aviation as being an even more important part against, say, an enemy submarine attack.

Admiral RICHMOND. Our plans are obviously-we have liaison officers in the Navy and our plans are coordinated with them. The CHAIRMAN. They fit in?

Admiral RICHMOND. They fit in with the Navy, yes, sir.

NOMINATION OF CAPT. RICHARD D. SCHMIDTMAN, U.S. COAST GUARD, TO RANK OF REAR ADMIRAL, U.S. COAST GUARD

The CHAIRMAN. Now, Captain Schmidtman, you have commanded icebreakers in the Arctic and Antarctic, have you not?

Captain SCHMIDTMAN. Yes. One is the East Wind.

The CHAIRMAN. And in the Antarctic they are in support of scientific projects?

Captain SCHMIDTMAN. That is correct, yes.

The CHAIRMAN. Can you tell the committee briefly what was the specific research and the significance of it that the Coast Guard participated in?

Admiral RICHMOND. The research in which the members of the ship's company actually participated was in oceanographic type of research, taking deep cases in certain parts of the Antarctic region which have previously been unexplored, getting temperature readings, and this work was directly under the supervision of a civilian scientist who was aboard, assigned to us by the Navy's Hydrographic Office.

We also afforded transportation in our facilities to other scientists in connection with marine biological studies. For example, quite a few drags were made in the channel at McMurdo, bringing up to the scientists all sorts of interesting phenomena.

The CHAIRMAN. Now, we last year—I did-authored a bill at the request of Admiral Richmond, where we removed the statutory restrictions on the Coast Guard to participate in oceanographic research further out-well, not geographically, but in the research-and then to evaluate some of the data for the benefit of all, everybody. Has that been working out satisfactorily for you people?

Admiral RICHMOND. Mr. Chairman, yes, sir. Of course, I would like to make it clear that this oceanographic study is part of an interrelated program in which the Coast Guard is playing a part.

The CHAIRMAN. Yes, I understand.

Admiral RICHMOND. And we have plans working with the interagency group to make a start in the coming fiscal year to equip our ships to participate in that type of work on their regular patrol.

The CHAIRMAN. You anticipate, which I think all of us did, that the Coast Guard in this whole field now, by virtue of the legislation and by virtue of the beefup, let's say, of the whole oceanographic program, that you play a much more active and much more important part in the whole thing?

Admiral RICHMOND. That is correct, sir, and it gives us the opportunity of equipping our ships so that in their regular patrols for various purposes, whether it be ocean-station duty or whatever it may be, that those duties can be carried out in conjunction, or rather the oceanographic work can be carried out in conjunction with those duties.

The CHAIRMAN. Now, what about some of your larger vessels? Can they be used for research? Is that what you are thinking of? Admiral RICHMOND. That is it exactly.

The CHAIRMAN. You put special equipment, maybe invite special people on board other than Coast Guard personnel, and get in, also, this whole business of oceanography?

Admiral RICHMOND. That is correct, sir.

The CHAIRMAN. Now, your actual number of ships available, would they be adequate for what you intend to do now?

Admiral RICHMOND. Yes, sir, because, as I have tried to indicate, it is not presently contemplated that any of our ships will be diverted to straight oceanographic work. By that I mean putting on an oceanographic cruise as such. Our ships will be equipped to carry on oceanographic work along with their other duties, sir.

The CHAIRMAN. Yes. And I would suggest, and I hope you would agree with me, that this is about as economical a way to do this as we could think of in any Government project for oceanography.

Admiral RICHMOND. We feel that it is a very economical way.

The CHAIRMAN. Now, Captain Schmidtman, you were in command of the weather patrol vessel at Coos Bay at one time, were you not? Captain SCHMIDTMAN. That is right.

The CHAIRMAN. In the North Atlantic?

Captain SCHMIDTMAN. Yes, sir.

The CHAIRMAN. Are you familiar with the research conducted by the Canadian weather ships in the North Atlantic?

Captain SCHMIDTMAN. No, sir, I am not.

The CHAIRMAN. Were they out there in some force?

Captain SCHMIDTMAN. Not in my vicinity.

The CHAIRMAN. What vicinity were you in?

Captain SCHMIDTMAN. I operated each of the North Atlantic Ocean stations during the time I was in Coos Bay. But we did not see any Canadian oceanographic activity at that time in those areas.

The CHAIRMAN. Did the North Atlantic fishing industry-that is, ours-ever use your facilities or your information to any extent?

Captain SCHMIDTMAN. Well, the oceanographic data that our ocean station vessels accommodate is fed into the oceanographic data center, as you probably know, Senator, here in Washington, and is from that source made available to all interested agencies. I cannot say, personally, that I know that the fishing industry has used it. But I have a feeling that they have.

The CHAIRMAN. Other information and weather could be used by the fishing industry on both oceans.

Captain SCHMIDTMAN. Yes, sir.

The CHAIRMAN. If this program becomes enlarged and fits into what Admiral Richmond was talking about?

Captain SCHMIDTMAN. Yes.

NOMINATION OF REAR ADM. EDWIN JOHN ROLAND, U.S. COAST GUARD, AS ASSISTANT COMMANDANT, U.S. COAST GUARD, WITH RANK OF VICE ADMIRAL

The CHAIRMAN. Now, Admiral Roland, in your biographical sketch I note that you were the first commander of the first heavy-duty ice breaker on the Great Lakes. What are some of the benefits to navigation and shipping achieved by that?

Admiral ROLAND. At the time the ship went into commission, which was late 1954

There was a need for That need, I suppose, important at that time.

The CHAIRMAN. What ship was that? The CHAIRMAN (continuing). Mackinaw. extending the shipping season on the lakes. exists to some extent now, but it was very And we did manage to extend the shipping season at both ends by the efforts of this ship.

The CHAIRMAN. Now, how long is that season now?

Admiral ROLAND. It starts about the 1st of April and it ends early in December, around the 7th or 10th of December, usually.