The flatefman who (preads corrup hon over a country, and enflaves the people to enrich himself, or aggrandize his mafter, is an able minifter: oppreffion is his calling, and it is no fin in him to labour in his vocation. The patriot who opposes the meafures of the flatefman; who rails at corruption in the house and bawls till morning for his poor, bleeding country, may, if admitted to a poft, adopt the principles he abhorred, and purfue the measures he condemned, fuch a one is a trader in power, and only Jabouring in his vocation. every funday and prayers every week day, and who if the flanders her best friends does it only to reform them, may innocently indulge herself in a little cheating at cards, he has made it her vocation. The tradefman who affures you upon his honeft word that he will deal jufly with you,yer fells you his workt commodities at the higheft price and exults at over reaching,is a good man and only labouring in his vocation. The infidel who, fond of an evil fame, would rob you of a religion that inculcates virtue and infures happiness as its reward, who laughs at an hereafter and takes from you the only expectation that can make life endurable, is a dealer in truth and only labouring in his vocation. The condefcending patron, who, fond of followers and dependants, deals out his fmiles to all about him, and buys flattery with promifes, who hakes the needy wit by the hand and affures him of his protection one. The author who to infure a fale to hour and forgets that he has ever feen him the next, is a great man, deceit is his vocation. The man in office, whofe perquiEres are wrung from the poor pittances of the miferable, and who enriches himself by pillaging the widow and the orphan, receives no more than the accuftomed dues, and is only labouring in his vocation. The divine who fubfcribes to articles he does not believe, who neglects prafice for his profeffion, and God for his grace, who bribes a mifirefs, or facrifices a fifter for preferment, who preaches faith without works, and damos all who differ from him, may be an orthodox divine, and only labouring in his vocation. The lawyer who makes truth falfe hood and falfehood truth, who pleads the caufe of the oppreffor against the innocent, and brings ruin upon the wretched, is a man of eminence in the world and the companion of honeft men, Lying is his trade and he is only labouring in his voca tion. The phyfician who vifits you three times a day, in a cafe which he knows to be incurable, who denies his affift ance to the poor and writes more for the apothecary than the patient is an honeft phyfician and only labouring in his vocation. The fine lady of fashion who piques herfelf upon her virtue, perhaps a little too much, who attends the fermon his works throws out a flander against the good and poifons the young and virtuous by tales of wantonnels and indecency, is a writer of fpirit and only labouring in his vocation. To take characters in the grofs: the gamefter who cheats you at play; the man of pleasure who corrupts the chastity of your wife, who tricks you in a horfe; the fleward who defrauds you in his accounts; the butler who robs you of your wine, the footman who fteals your linnen; the housekeeper who over-charges you in her bills; the gardener who fends your fruit to market; the groom who ftarves your horfes to put their allowance in his pocket; in fhort the whole train of fervants who impofe upon you in the feveral articles entrufted to their care, are only receiving their lawful perquifites and labouring in their vocations.. I know but one fet of men whọ ought commonly to be excepted in this general charge and thofe are the projectors. The fchemes of all fuch men are ufually too romantick to im pofe upon the credulity of the world, and not being able to plunder their employers they are labouring in their vocations to cheat only themfelves. I would not be mifunderftood upon this occafion as if I meant to advife all people to be honeft, aud to do as they would be done by in their feveral vocations, far be it from me to intend any fuch thing, I am as well affured 29 as they are that it would not answer their purposes. The tyrant would have no glory without conquefts; his minifters no followers without bribes; the patriot no place without oppofition; the man in office no perquifites without fraud; the divine no plusality without time ferving; the lawyer no clients without lying; the phyfician no practice without apo thecaries; the tradefman no country houfe without exacting; the fine lady no routs without cheating; the infidel no fame without profe lytes; and the author no dinner without flander and wantonnefs: The gamefter would be undone; the man of pleasure inactive; the gentleman-jockey would fell his horfe at half price; and the fteward, the butler, the footman, the houfekeeper, the gardener, the groom and the whole train of fervants lofe their neceffary perquifites. The old max im that honefty is the beft policy has been long ago exploded, but I am firmly of opinion, that the appearance of it might, if well put on, pro.. mote a man's intereft, though the reality muft defroy it. I would therefore recommend it to persons in all vocations (if it be but by way of trial and for the novelty of the thing) to put on now-and-then the appearance of a little honefty. Moft men have a natural diflike to be cheated with their eyes open, and though it is the fashion of the times to wear no concealment, yet to deceive behind the mask of integrity has been deemed the moft effectual method. To further this end the appearance of a Imall portion of religion would not be amifs, but I would by no means have this matter over-done as it commonly is. Going to prayers every day, or finging pfalms on a funday in a room next the ftreet, may look a little fufpicious, and fet the neighbours upon the watch: nor would I advise that a tradesman should stand at the fhop door with a prayer book in his hand; or that a lawyer should carry the whole duty of man to the bar and read it in court as often as he fits down; there are other me thods that may anfwer the purpofe of cheating much better. A yea and may converfation interrupted with a few fighs and groans for the iniquities of the wicked, loud refponfes at church, and long graces at meals, with here and there a godly book lying in the window, or in places mont in fight will be of fingular utility, and farther than this, I would by no means advise. To all thofe gentlemen and ladies who follow no vocations, and who have therefore no immediate intereft in cheating, I would recommend the practice of honefty before the appearance of it. As fuch perfons ftand in no need of a cloak I fall fay nothing to them of religion only that the reality of it might be useful to them in afflictions, or if ever they fhould take it into their heads that they must one day die, it might poffibly alleviate the bitterness of fo uncommon a thought. To do as they would be done by, would in all probability render them happier in themfelves, and lead them to the enjoyment of new pleasures in the happinefs of others. Some Account of a fingular Species of Monkies, found in the interior Part of Bengal. (See the Plate.) HIS account was received from Stephen de Viline, Efq; and communicated to the Royal Society, by Henry Baker, Efq; with the drawing annexed. Thefe animals, Mr. de Vefine fays, are called Golok, or wild people, and are thought to be originally a mixture with the human kind, having no tails. They come out of the forefts in the interior part of Bengal, from the country called Mevat. They inhabit the woods; their food is fruit, leaves, bark of trees, and milk; fiefh only when caught. They are very gentle, and extremely modeft. They are of the height of a man; their legs and arms are in due proportion to their body, which is very genteel. This Monkey, the Editor thinks, is the fame that M. Buffon has defcribed under the name of the Gibbon, and fay s, it fometimes walks on its hind feet, and fometimes on all fours. fours. The hair, with which it is laws; the king holding his office by hereditary right, and independent of both branches of the legiature approves or difapproves the laws, appoints judges to interpret them, and all the officers civil and military neceffary for their execution. The house of commons, chofen and deputed by the people, from among ft themfelves, reprefent the perfonal rights of the nation. The houfe of lords, compofed of a body of heredi. tary nobility, formerly the immediate proprietors of the principal part of the lands in the kingdom, and at this day poffeffed in general, not only of very extenfive interests, bot in every inftance diftinguished by exclufive dignities,, immunities and The Free Republican, No IV. Powers, effectually reprefent the pro FTER attempting in my laft to Athew what is meant by, and in what confins a ballance of power, I endeavoured to prove, that political freedom is derived from it, and its continuance depends altogether on the prefervation of it. If thefe obfervations have truth for their bafis, it must be plain, that in order clearly to underfland the principles and (pirit of our own government, we muft know how this ballance is provided, and what checks are inftituted to preferve it. When this ballance and its checks are fully difcovered and precifely delineated, it will be eafy to, difcover that line of conduct and fyftem of jurifprudence, which every patriotic citizen is indifpenfibly bound to pursue. Before we enter upon any obfervations refpe&ting the government of the Commonwealth of Maffachusetts, it may not be amifs to make a few reflections on the conflitution of England, as that is a government, in which, the fupreme power is ballanc. ed with great wifdom, and furnished, perhaps, with as effectual checks as the imperfection of human affairs will admit. A government, which, when adminiftred agreeably to its principles, enfures the enjoyment of as great a fhare of liberty and political happiness, as any one that has yet appeared in the annals of the world. The lords and commons make the Bbb perty of the kingdom. For no law can be made, that hall do an injury to the holders of property and deprive them of any of their peculiar advantages and rights, without at once affecting each of their lordships, in whom, are united extenfive wealth and all the honours and dignities, which it generally brings in its train. Here then we find the fupreme legiflative power fo divided, that no law can take place, without that twofold confent of perfons and of property, the effence of civil liberty. The lords and commons are the two fcales, in equipoile. But if these two bodies in addition to their legiflative power, were vefted with the judicial and executive, which include the whole that can exift in any political inftitution, the hiftories, both of ancient and modern republics, inconteftibly prove, that the government could not long continue free. That infatiable thirft for power, fo natural to the human bofom, muft originate thofe difcords and diffentions, which would destroy the ballance and immediately introduce the wretchednefs of tyrauny under fome form or other. When Charles was beheaded and the commons ufurped the power of the monarch, this broke the ballance; and what was the confequence? The houfe of lords were directly voted to be dangerous and ufelefs; the people became the unreftrained monarch of the nation, and prepared the way for the |