China is acting in good faith and in a timely manner to resolve human rights issues in Tibet.

(d) MIGRATION AND REFUGEE ASSISTANCE.-Within 60 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall determine whether the needs of displaced Tibetans are similar to those of displaced persons and refugees in other parts of the world and shall report that determination to the Congress. If the Secre tary makes a positive determination, of the amounts authorized to be appropriated for the Department of State for "Migration and Refugee Assistance" for each of the fiscal years 1988 and 1989, such sums as are necessary shall be made available for assistance for displaced Tibetans. The Secretary of State shall determine the best means for providing such assistance.

(e) SCHOLARSHIPS.-For each of the fiscal years 1988 and 1989, the Director of the United States Information Agency shall make available to Tibetan students and professionals who are outside Tibet not less than 15 scholarships for study at institutions of higher education in the United States.

SEC. 1244. SUPPORT FOR THE RIGHT OF SELF-DETERMINATION FOR THE CAMBODIAN PEOPLE.

(a) FINDINGS.-The Congress finds that

(1) the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, in violation of its obligations under international law including the United Nations Charter, invaded Cambodia in December 1978;

(2) in January 1979, Vietnam installed a puppet government in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, headed by Heng Samrin;

(3) eight years later Vietnam continues, with Soviet backing, to occupy Cambodia with some 140,000 troops;

(4) by invading and occupying Cambodia, the Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam violated its obligation, undertaken upon becoming a member of the United Nations in 1977, not to use force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any state;

(5) Vietnam has attempted to submerge Cambodian culture and heritage through the settlement of large numbers of Vietnamese in Cambodia;

(6) human rights observers have noted a pattern of torture, political detention, inhumane treatment, and other abuses of human rights by officials of the Vietnamese- backed puppet Cambodian regime;

(7) the Vietnamese occupation of Cambodia has compounded the hardship and suffering of a people which had previously suffered barbaric crimes of genocide under Pol Pot's Khmer Rouge and has caused hundreds of thousands of Cambodians to flee their own country;

(8) in recognition of the illegal occupation of Cambodia by the Vietnamese, the United Nations has refused to recognize the credentials of the Heng Samrin regime and has instead continued to recognize the credentials of the Government in Exile led by Prince Norodom Sihanouk;

(9) the member states of the United Nations for the eighth time, and by a record vote, approved a resolution at the

forty-second session of the General Assembly calling for the withdrawal of foreign troops from Cambodia;

(10) the 1981 United Nations-sponsored International Conference on Kampuchea called for the early withdrawal of foreign troops and the holding of free elections under United Nations supervision;

(11) the Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam has thus far rejected the efforts of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and supported by the United States to resolve the situation in Cambodia; and

(12) in the absence of a settlement, the non-Communist Cambodian forces continue to wage a war of resistance against Vietnamese occupation forces.

(b) STATEMENT OF POLICY.-The Congress

(1) deplores the continued violation of the sovereignty and territorial independence of Cambodia by the Socialist Republic of Vietnam;

(2) calls upon the Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam to immediately withdraw all of its occupation forces from Cambodia and to negotiate a settlement which restores self-determination to the Cambodian people;

(3) believes that such negotiations and withdrawal by Vietnam, together with a satisfactory accounting of Americans still missing in action, would constitute positive steps that would help facilitate the prospect of an end to Vietnam's isolation in the world community and an improvement of its relations with the United States;

(4) supports the efforts of the member nations of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), the United Nations Secretary General, and the non-Communist Cambodian people to achieve a political settlement which would include such elements as internationally supervised free and fair elections, as well as assurances that there will be no return to the genocidal policies of the Pol Pot regime;

(5) supports efforts to establish an international tribunal to bring to justice those Khmer Rouge leaders during the reign of Pol Pot, and any others, responsible for crimes of genocide against the Cambodian people; and

(6) calls upon the international community to observe a special day of remembrance

(A) in recognition of the suffering of the Cambodian people under Pol Pot,

(B) in protest of the efforts of Vietnam to suppress the basic human rights, culture, and way of life of the Cambodian people, and

(C) in protest of the illegal occupation of Cambodia by Vietnamese troops.

SEC. 1245. HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA.

(a) FINDINGS.-The Congress finds that

(1) the advancement of human rights is a stated objective of - the foreign policy of the United States;

(2) the constitutional guarantees of freedom of speech, press, and peaceful assembly have not been adequately respected in the People's Republic of China;

(3) the exercise of religious activities has a detrimental effect on a participant's civil, social, and economic status within the People's Republic of China;

(4) the freedom of movement and the freedom to form independent trade unions and other voluntary associations are severely curtailed;

(5) there have been some encouraging developments including an effort by the current leadership of the People's Republic of China to develop economic policies without regard to a rigid application of Maoist ideology; and

(6) the American people desire to extend their moral support to the struggle for freedom and justice within the People's Republic of China.

(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.-It is the sense of the Congress that the leadership of the People's Republic of China should take necessary steps toward establishing a more democratic society, with a free and open political system that will protect the essential human rights of all people living within that country.

SEC. 1246. DEMOCRACY IN TAIWAN.

(a) FINDINGS.-The Congress finds that

(1) stability and peace prevail on the island of Taiwan and in the Western Pacific region;

(2) economic vitality, educational advancement, and social progress have created conditions favoring the furtherance of democracy in Taiwan;

(3) the people of Taiwan, in both national and local elections, have shown themselves fully capable of participating in a democratic political process;

(4) the authorities on Taiwan are nurturing a transition toward more truly democratic and representative political institutions, although a minority of the seats in the central legislature and central electoral college are filled through periodic elections, with the majority of seats still being held by individuals who took office in the late 1940s;

(5) on September 28, 1986, Taiwan's democratic opposition announced the formation of the Democratic Progressive Party; (6) on October 7, 1986, President Chiang Ching-kuo, announced that the Kuomintang intended to end the state of martial law and to lift the ban on the creation of new political parties;

(7) the lifting of martial law in July and the release of detainees symbolize the growing respect for human rights and freedom of expression on Taiwan;

(8) the Kuomintang has indicated a desire over the next few years to make more representative Taiwan's central representative bodies, to broaden decisionmaking within the Nationalist Party, to enhance the rule of law, and to increase the powers of local-level government; and

(9) our common commitment to democratic institutions and values is an increasingly strong bond between the people of the

United States and the people of Taiwan and an acceleration of progress toward a full democracy on Taiwan, including full respect for human rights, will strengthen United States ties with the people on Taiwan.

(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.-The Congress

(1) welcomes the democratic trends emerging in Taiwan and commends the progress that has been made recently in advancing democratic institutions and values;

(2) welcomes the lifting of martial law and looks forward to the lifting of the ban on new political parties;

(3) encourages the leaders and peoples of Taiwan to continue this process with the aim of consolidating fully democratic institutions, in particular by—

(A) guaranteeing freedom of speech, expression, and assembly; and

(B) gradually moving toward a fully representative government, including the free and fair election of all members of all central representative bodies; and

(4) requests the American Institute in Taiwan to convey this Nation's continuing support for a democratic and prosperous Taiwan, as stated in the Taiwan Relations Act, and our encouragement for democracy to the leaders and the people of Taiwan.

PART F-MISCELLANEOUS

SEC. 1251. REPORT ON ILLEGAL TECHNOLOGY TRANSFERS.

(a) REPORT.-Not later than 30 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall submit to the appropriate committees of the Congress a report concerning:

(1) The status of the Japanese Government investigation of the transfer of milling machines to the Soviet Union by Toshiba Machine Company, including any prosecution, fine, or other government action.

(2) The status of the Norwegian Government investigation of the transfer of numerical controllers by Kongsberg Vappenfabrik (KV) to the Soviet Union, including any prosecution, fine, or other government action.

(3) Actions undertaken by the Japanese and Norwegian Governments to ensure that such transfers or other breaches of security related to international espionage do not recur.

(4) Actions and plans of the United States Government to respond to such cases of international espionage.

(b) DISCUSSIONS.-The Secretary of State shall enter into discussions with Japan and Norway regarding compensation for damage to United States national security resulting from such cases of international espionage. The Secretary shall submit a preliminary report to the appropriate committees of the Congress concerning the status of such discussions 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act and shall submit a final report 360 days after the date of enactment of this Act. The Secretary may submit such other subsequent reports as may be appropriate.

SEC. 1252. REPORT ON PROGRESS TOWARD A WORLD SUMMIT ON TER

RORISM.

It is the sense of the Congress that the President should convene a summit meeting of Western world leaders to adopt a unified effective program against international terrorism.

SEC. 1253. PROTECTION OF AMERICANS ENDANGERED BY THE APPEARANCE OF THEIR PLACE OF BIRTH ON THEIR PASSPORTS.

(a) FINDINGS.-The Congress finds that some citizens of the United States may be specially endangered during a hijacking or other terrorist incident by the fact that their place of birth appears on their United States passports.

(b) DISCUSSIONS.-The Congress urges the President to enter into discussions with other countries regarding the feasibility of a general agreement permitting the deletion of the place of birth as a required item of information on passports.

SEC. 1254. SUPPORT OF MUTUAL DEFENSE ALLIANCES.

(a) FINDINGS.-The Congress makes the following findings:

(1) Japan, the member nations of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), and other countries rely heavily on the United States to protect their national security under mutual defense alliances.

(2) The United States spends tens of billions of dollars annually to assist in the defense of allies of the United States.

(3) The financial burden of mutual defense assumed by many NATO allies and particularly Japan is not commensurate with their economic resources, and, as a result, the United States bears a disproportionately large share of the financial burden of supporting such mutual defense.

(4) While the United States is currently spending 6.5 percent of its gross national product on defense, our NATO allies spend an average of 3.5 percent of their gross national products on defense and Japan spends only 1.0 percent of its gross national product on defense.

(5) United States allies, particularly West Germany and Japan, have derived tremendous economic benefit from the free trade system among the Western countries, accumulating in certain cases large payments surpluses, while protected through military alliances to which the United States has made an overwhelming commitment of resources.

(6) The greatest weakness in the ability of the United States to sustain the mutual defense of the United States and its allies is not the military capability of the United States, but rather the economic vulnerability of the United States.

(7) The Federal budget deficit must be reduced in order to revitalize the economy.

(8) The continued unwillingness of the allies of the United States to increase their contributions to the common defense to more appropriate levels could weaken the long-term vitality, effectiveness, and cohesion of the alliances between those countries and the United States.

(b) POLICY.-It is the sense of the Congress that

(1) the President should enter into discussions with countries which participate in mutual defense alliances with the United